跟讀練習: Science in the future: Đề thi IELTS LISTENING (actual test) - 通過影片學習英語口語

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In this final lecture of our course on the history of science,
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I would like to look to the future and tell you about some predictions that have been made about scientific developments.
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The content for my talk is based on some research in
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which 30 scientific leaders were invited to comment on the developments
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that they envisage as likely to come about in their own discipline within 50 years.
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After summarizing some of their most interesting contributions for you,
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I'll ask you to give me your opinions as to the likelihood of these changes occurring within this timescale.
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You may also like to suggest some other likely changes yourselves.
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So first, let's start with computer science, as this is clearly an area where there are bound to be dramatic developments,
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and even more significantly, perhaps, these developments are likely to impact on every other field of learning.
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The invention of computers represents an enormous leap forward in the field of human endeavor.
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It could indeed be considered as being as momentous a development as
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when our predecessors in caves first learned to make fire and use it for all sorts of purposes.
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In the future, the computational revolution is certain to be generally recognized as a transformation as significant as,
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say, the Industrial Revolution.
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The computer scientists in the study I referred to felt that in the coming decades,
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lives will be significantly enhanced by automated reasoning systems of different types.
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There was considerable agreement that people will increasingly perceive these computer systems as intelligent.
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Although many of these will be deployed behind the scenes, others will be in the foreground,
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serving in an elegant, often collaborative manner to help people do their jobs,
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to learn and teach, to reflect and remember, to plan and decide.
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Without going into further detail about this at this point, let's turn to what predictions psychologists had to make.
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their key point was
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that psychological research would inevitably become increasingly varied it would move into such areas as behavioral economics
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and social neuroscience there is likely to be further expansion into
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domains with more practical relevance as increasing numbers of women become research scientists
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so areas such as health environment family and social identity will receive more attention.
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At the same time as they broaden their horizons,
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psychologists will also intensify their search to discover what exactly determines how we act.
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They will be assisted in this by imaging devices
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that will be inserted into the brain and provide a great deal of information about how it behaves.
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There should be some fascinating discoveries coming to light very soon.
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Another field that is currently undergoing enormous changes is that of genetics.
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It is not new to suggest that average life expectancy is likely to continue rising in most countries.
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However, today geneticists emphasize that it is vital
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that the increasing number of the elderly in society must take quality of life into account.
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So, how will genetics help this to happen?
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To start with, they hope to develop technologies that can sequence each person's genome extremely cheaply.
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This information about our DNA enables healthcare providers to predict our likelihood of suffering from any particular disease.
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From there on, it is a matter of weighing up various factors with a
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view to determining what can be done to minimize each individual's level of risk.
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With such information in hand, new treatments will be developed,
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and the current one-size-fits-all approach to health care will give way to a more personal approach.
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The final subject area that I wish to bring to your attention is that of zoology.
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Once again, computers and technology have a key role to play here.
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Experts comment specifically on the importance of satellites for future developments in this field.
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These enable people to explore the world from their homes, offices, and schools.
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It is now possible, for instance, to go online and see for yourself the abundant wildlife in one part of East Africa, and in the surrounding region,
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the harm people have done by destroying the forests.
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All supposedly in the name of development.
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Zoologists believe the breakthrough that lies ahead is how people act on such information as this.
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They hope that we will learn to connect our minds to our hearts and apply this knowledge to help protect our planet.
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They express a clear hope
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that a greater understanding of the consequences of human short-sightedness will
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make people anxious to rectify what we can before it is too late.
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That is the end of Part 4.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這段影片共有 62 個句子、771 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 8:19。 說話人語速較慢，每分鐘約 93 個詞，你有足夠的時間模仿每一個音。 84% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個不太常見的單詞，附發音和釋義：

  • enormous /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ (形容詞) — 巨大的. Extremely large; greatly exceeding the common size, extent, etc.
  • scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (名詞) — 科學家 /科學家. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
  • prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/ (名詞) — 預言 /預言, 預估 /預估. A statement of what will happen in the future.
  • likelihood /ˈlaɪklihʊd/ (名詞) — 可能性. The probability of a specified outcome; the chance of something happening; probability; the state or degree of being probable.
  • genetics /dʒəˈnɛt.ɪks/ (名詞) — 遺傳學 /遺傳學. The branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics, in particular chromosomes and DNA.
  • psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ (名詞) — 心理學家 /心理學家. An expert in the field of psychology.
  • practical /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/ (形容詞) — 使用的, 實用 /實用. Relating to, or based on, practice or action rather than theory or hypothesis.
  • harm /hɑːm/ (名詞) — 損害 /損害. Physical injury; hurt; damage.
  • occur /əˈkɜː/ (動詞) — 發生 /發生. To happen or take place.
  • discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/ (名詞) — 發現 /發現. Something discovered.
  • refer /ɹɪˈfɜː/ (動詞) — 談到 /談到. To direct the attention of (someone toward something).
  • suffer /ˈsʌfɚ/ (動詞) — 受苦, 遭受. To undergo hardship.
  • assist /əˈsɪst/ (動詞) — 幫 /幫, 幫助 /幫助. To help.
  • economics /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/ (名詞) — 經濟學 /經濟學. The study of resource and wealth allocation, consumption, and distribution, of capital and investment, and of management of the factors of production.
  • dramatic /dɹəˈmætɪk/ (形容詞) — 戲劇的 /戲劇的. Of or relating to the drama.

影片中出現的短語動詞

  • act on (動詞) — 採取行動 /採取行動. To act decisively on the basis of information received or deduced.

需要注意的發音

  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/, invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/
  • 長單詞——注意重音位置: psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, economics /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/, psychological /ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɑː.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩/

如何用這段影片練習

  1. 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
  2. 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
  3. 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 enormous, scientist, prediction 這類單詞。

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的have been made · is based · were invited
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事have been made · have done

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →