跟读练习: Science in the future: Đề thi IELTS LISTENING (actual test) - 通过视频学习英语口语

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In this final lecture of our course on the history of science,
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I would like to look to the future and tell you about some predictions that have been made about scientific developments.
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The content for my talk is based on some research in
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which 30 scientific leaders were invited to comment on the developments
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that they envisage as likely to come about in their own discipline within 50 years.
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After summarizing some of their most interesting contributions for you,
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I'll ask you to give me your opinions as to the likelihood of these changes occurring within this timescale.
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You may also like to suggest some other likely changes yourselves.
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So first, let's start with computer science, as this is clearly an area where there are bound to be dramatic developments,
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and even more significantly, perhaps, these developments are likely to impact on every other field of learning.
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The invention of computers represents an enormous leap forward in the field of human endeavor.
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It could indeed be considered as being as momentous a development as
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when our predecessors in caves first learned to make fire and use it for all sorts of purposes.
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In the future, the computational revolution is certain to be generally recognized as a transformation as significant as,
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say, the Industrial Revolution.
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The computer scientists in the study I referred to felt that in the coming decades,
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lives will be significantly enhanced by automated reasoning systems of different types.
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There was considerable agreement that people will increasingly perceive these computer systems as intelligent.
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Although many of these will be deployed behind the scenes, others will be in the foreground,
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serving in an elegant, often collaborative manner to help people do their jobs,
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to learn and teach, to reflect and remember, to plan and decide.
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Without going into further detail about this at this point, let's turn to what predictions psychologists had to make.
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their key point was
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that psychological research would inevitably become increasingly varied it would move into such areas as behavioral economics
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and social neuroscience there is likely to be further expansion into
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domains with more practical relevance as increasing numbers of women become research scientists
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so areas such as health environment family and social identity will receive more attention.
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At the same time as they broaden their horizons,
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psychologists will also intensify their search to discover what exactly determines how we act.
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They will be assisted in this by imaging devices
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that will be inserted into the brain and provide a great deal of information about how it behaves.
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There should be some fascinating discoveries coming to light very soon.
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Another field that is currently undergoing enormous changes is that of genetics.
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It is not new to suggest that average life expectancy is likely to continue rising in most countries.
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However, today geneticists emphasize that it is vital
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that the increasing number of the elderly in society must take quality of life into account.
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So, how will genetics help this to happen?
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To start with, they hope to develop technologies that can sequence each person's genome extremely cheaply.
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This information about our DNA enables healthcare providers to predict our likelihood of suffering from any particular disease.
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From there on, it is a matter of weighing up various factors with a
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view to determining what can be done to minimize each individual's level of risk.
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With such information in hand, new treatments will be developed,
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and the current one-size-fits-all approach to health care will give way to a more personal approach.
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The final subject area that I wish to bring to your attention is that of zoology.
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Once again, computers and technology have a key role to play here.
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Experts comment specifically on the importance of satellites for future developments in this field.
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These enable people to explore the world from their homes, offices, and schools.
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It is now possible, for instance, to go online and see for yourself the abundant wildlife in one part of East Africa, and in the surrounding region,
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the harm people have done by destroying the forests.
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All supposedly in the name of development.
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Zoologists believe the breakthrough that lies ahead is how people act on such information as this.
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They hope that we will learn to connect our minds to our hearts and apply this knowledge to help protect our planet.
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They express a clear hope
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that a greater understanding of the consequences of human short-sightedness will
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make people anxious to rectify what we can before it is too late.
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That is the end of Part 4.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这段视频共有 62 个句子、771 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 8:19。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 93 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 84% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个不太常见的单词，附发音和释义：

  • enormous /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ (形容词) — 巨大的. Extremely large; greatly exceeding the common size, extent, etc.
  • scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (名词) — 科學家 /科学家. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
  • prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/ (名词) — 預言 /预言, 預估 /预估. A statement of what will happen in the future.
  • likelihood /ˈlaɪklihʊd/ (名词) — 可能性. The probability of a specified outcome; the chance of something happening; probability; the state or degree of being probable.
  • genetics /dʒəˈnɛt.ɪks/ (名词) — 遺傳學 /遗传学. The branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics, in particular chromosomes and DNA.
  • psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ (名词) — 心理學家 /心理学家. An expert in the field of psychology.
  • practical /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/ (形容词) — 使用的, 實用 /实用. Relating to, or based on, practice or action rather than theory or hypothesis.
  • harm /hɑːm/ (名词) — 損害 /损害. Physical injury; hurt; damage.
  • occur /əˈkɜː/ (动词) — 發生 /发生. To happen or take place.
  • discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/ (名词) — 發現 /发现. Something discovered.
  • refer /ɹɪˈfɜː/ (动词) — 談到 /谈到. To direct the attention of (someone toward something).
  • suffer /ˈsʌfɚ/ (动词) — 受苦, 遭受. To undergo hardship.
  • assist /əˈsɪst/ (动词) — 幫 /帮, 幫助 /帮助. To help.
  • economics /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/ (名词) — 經濟學 /经济学. The study of resource and wealth allocation, consumption, and distribution, of capital and investment, and of management of the factors of production.
  • dramatic /dɹəˈmætɪk/ (形容词) — 戲劇的 /戏剧的. Of or relating to the drama.

视频中出现的短语动词

  • act on (动词) — 採取行動 /采取行动. To act decisively on the basis of information received or deduced.

需要注意的发音

  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/, invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/
  • 长单词——注意重音位置: psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, economics /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/, psychological /ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɑː.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩/

如何用这段视频练习

  1. 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
  2. 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
  3. 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 enormous, scientist, prediction 这类单词。

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构视频中的用法
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的have been made · is based · were invited
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事have been made · have done

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →