쉐도잉 연습: Science in the future: Đề thi IELTS LISTENING (actual test) - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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In this final lecture of our course on the history of science,
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I would like to look to the future and tell you about some predictions that have been made about scientific developments.
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The content for my talk is based on some research in
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which 30 scientific leaders were invited to comment on the developments
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that they envisage as likely to come about in their own discipline within 50 years.
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After summarizing some of their most interesting contributions for you,
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I'll ask you to give me your opinions as to the likelihood of these changes occurring within this timescale.
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You may also like to suggest some other likely changes yourselves.
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So first, let's start with computer science, as this is clearly an area where there are bound to be dramatic developments,
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and even more significantly, perhaps, these developments are likely to impact on every other field of learning.
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The invention of computers represents an enormous leap forward in the field of human endeavor.
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It could indeed be considered as being as momentous a development as
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when our predecessors in caves first learned to make fire and use it for all sorts of purposes.
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In the future, the computational revolution is certain to be generally recognized as a transformation as significant as,
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say, the Industrial Revolution.
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The computer scientists in the study I referred to felt that in the coming decades,
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lives will be significantly enhanced by automated reasoning systems of different types.
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There was considerable agreement that people will increasingly perceive these computer systems as intelligent.
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Although many of these will be deployed behind the scenes, others will be in the foreground,
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serving in an elegant, often collaborative manner to help people do their jobs,
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to learn and teach, to reflect and remember, to plan and decide.
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Without going into further detail about this at this point, let's turn to what predictions psychologists had to make.
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their key point was
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that psychological research would inevitably become increasingly varied it would move into such areas as behavioral economics
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and social neuroscience there is likely to be further expansion into
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domains with more practical relevance as increasing numbers of women become research scientists
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so areas such as health environment family and social identity will receive more attention.
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At the same time as they broaden their horizons,
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psychologists will also intensify their search to discover what exactly determines how we act.
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They will be assisted in this by imaging devices
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that will be inserted into the brain and provide a great deal of information about how it behaves.
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There should be some fascinating discoveries coming to light very soon.
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Another field that is currently undergoing enormous changes is that of genetics.
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It is not new to suggest that average life expectancy is likely to continue rising in most countries.
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However, today geneticists emphasize that it is vital
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that the increasing number of the elderly in society must take quality of life into account.
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So, how will genetics help this to happen?
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To start with, they hope to develop technologies that can sequence each person's genome extremely cheaply.
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This information about our DNA enables healthcare providers to predict our likelihood of suffering from any particular disease.
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From there on, it is a matter of weighing up various factors with a
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view to determining what can be done to minimize each individual's level of risk.
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With such information in hand, new treatments will be developed,
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and the current one-size-fits-all approach to health care will give way to a more personal approach.
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The final subject area that I wish to bring to your attention is that of zoology.
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Once again, computers and technology have a key role to play here.
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Experts comment specifically on the importance of satellites for future developments in this field.
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These enable people to explore the world from their homes, offices, and schools.
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It is now possible, for instance, to go online and see for yourself the abundant wildlife in one part of East Africa, and in the surrounding region,
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the harm people have done by destroying the forests.
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All supposedly in the name of development.
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Zoologists believe the breakthrough that lies ahead is how people act on such information as this.
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They hope that we will learn to connect our minds to our hearts and apply this knowledge to help protect our planet.
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They express a clear hope
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that a greater understanding of the consequences of human short-sightedness will
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make people anxious to rectify what we can before it is too late.
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That is the end of Part 4.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.

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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 62개와 단어 771개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 8:19입니다. 화자는 분당 약 93단어로 천천히 말해서 소리 하나하나를 따라 하기에 여유가 있습니다. 단어의 84%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 덜 흔한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

  • enormous /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ (형용사) — 거대하다. Extremely large; greatly exceeding the common size, extent, etc.
  • scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (명사) — 과학자. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
  • prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/ (명사) — 예언, 예측. A statement of what will happen in the future.
  • likelihood /ˈlaɪklihʊd/ (명사) — 가능성. The probability of a specified outcome; the chance of something happening; probability; the state or degree of being probable.
  • genetics /dʒəˈnɛt.ɪks/ (명사) — 유전학. The branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics, in particular chromosomes and DNA.
  • psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ (명사) — 심리학자. An expert in the field of psychology.
  • practical /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/ (형용사) — 실질적인. Relating to, or based on, practice or action rather than theory or hypothesis.
  • harm /hɑːm/ (명사) — 해. Physical injury; hurt; damage.
  • occur /əˈkɜː/ (동사) — 일어나다, 발생하다. To happen or take place.
  • discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/ (명사) — 발견. Something discovered.
  • refer /ɹɪˈfɜː/ (동사) — 언급하다. To direct the attention of (someone toward something).
  • suffer /ˈsʌfɚ/ (동사) — 괴로와하다, 시달리다. To undergo hardship.
  • assist /əˈsɪst/ (동사) — 돕다. To help.
  • economics /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/ (명사) — 경제학. The study of resource and wealth allocation, consumption, and distribution, of capital and investment, and of management of the factors of production.
  • dramatic /dɹəˈmætɪk/ (형용사) — 극적. Of or relating to the drama.

주의할 발음

  • “sh”와 “zh” 소리: prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/, invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/
  • 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, economics /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/, psychological /ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɑː.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

  1. 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
  2. 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
  3. 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, enormous, scientist, prediction 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형영상 속 표현
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점have been made · is based · were invited
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때have been made · have done

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →