跟讀練習: The 4 moments that will change your life - 通過影片學習英語口語

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He was telling me that he nearly died.

I was sitting on the sofa talking to my mate's dad.

It's always a little bit strange talking to your childhood friend's parents

when you're older because on the one hand it's nice to see them and their world with older and wiser eyes.

It's nice to see them as people.

But on the other hand, childhood is not an easy thing to shake off.

Hi Johnny, come on in, he said.

Hi Mr Hammond, thanks for having me stay.

Hey, can Alex come and play please?

I reply suddenly in a squeaky prepubescent voice wearing shorts and carrying my primary school bag.

But as I sat there in the nostalgic liminal space between adulthood and childhood, Mr Hammond told me about how he had nearly died.

It wasn't one of those I got a diagnosis and then I pulled through kinds of stories.

This was a hit by lightning, hungry shark attack, act of God kind of thing.

one minute he was fine

and the next he was in the back of an ambulance

careening down the road to the hospital without oversharing another person's story i would just say

that it involved a lot of blood hours on an operating table

and a few weeks in the ward do you know what johnny he said to me all of

that you need to make the most of it stuff is all just abstract

and remote until it happens of course you think it

and you say it but until something like this happens you don't feel it

I told Mr Hammond to write down his story for me, especially his post-encounter philosophies, but until that time you have me.

And so this week we're going to look at life-changing moments along with Anton Chekhov.

In Chekhov's play The Seagull, we are asked to imagine a seagull flying over a lake.

The gull is swooping and diving, fishing and cawing.

It's entirely consumed by the busyness of being a seagull.

And then, in the squeeze of a trigger, it's gone.

A man on the shore holding a rifle is bored, and with no game and no fun to be had, he decides to pull up his gun and shoot the bird for no other reason than idleness.

Of course, as with any great literature, the metaphors are wrapped in allegories.

In the play, we meet a cast of characters who are obsessed with their own plans.

They have these unfulfilled longings.

They want fame, they want riches, they want love, they want pure art.

Like a seagull flapping back to land, they have their eyes only for the shore, and so blinkered and distracted,

they are vulnerable to the misfortune of life's mercurial rifle.

So much of our lives is spent planning and preparing for things, and yet often the most significant moments come out of the blue.

These are what the psychiatrist Carl Jaspers called boundary situations.

A boundary situation is a rupture.

It's a transformative experience that we cannot initiate, plan or even avoid.

We can only encounter it.

The mundane, every part of our life, putting on socks, ordering a pizza, planning a holiday, that kind of thing, are what Jaspers calls a situation being.

But a boundary situation is one that thunders down to shake the foundations of your very existence.

It changes who you are and it happens

when you wake up in a hospital bed having only just beaten the reaper's odds.

Although these boundary situations change a bit in Jasper's works, he broadly sorted them into four categories.

First, you have death.

We fear our loved ones dying and we fear the very fact of our own death.

When you know grief, when you reflect on mortality, you often find some kind of revelation.

As my friend's dad told me, we always know about death, but when it's a boundary situation.

It comes crashing into our lives like some grim and unforeseen curtain call.

Second, suffering.

As the Buddha pointed out long before Jaspers, it is impossible to entirely avoid suffering.

Our paths will hit old age, sickness and a great deal of pain.

Some of this we can see coming, a tooth filling, a long run, a 14-hour flight to Australia.

But the rest comes along unexpectedly.

It hits us with such a shocking intensity that we're almost glad that we didn't see it coming.

We come home from the hospital with a new life to live.

Then there is guilt.

There will come a time in life, often in adulthood, when we feel responsible for things.

And this is a sudden awareness that our actions will impact those around us.

That we are the reason for those tears, that laughter, that pain, that joy.

The profound pull of the heart changes how we live and it often comes on unexpectedly.

Finally you have chance.

No matter how ordered we might want our lives to be, there will always be an unpredictable exception.

We can hope for the best and make all of the plans

that we want but we will never fully control all of the facts that affect our existence.

We want order, we want regularity but we get the capricious throws of chance.

What Chekhov's Seagull, Jaspers and Mr Hammond all get right is

that we are each more vulnerable than we might want to allow.

A wedding, three years and the fortune in the planning is ruined by a single stomach bug.

An hour-long journey home for Christmas winds up getting you stuck in the traffic of a freak snowstorm.

A lifetime achievement is overshadowed by a national disaster.

A long and gentle retirement is blown off course by a near-death detour to the operating table.

Our lives are defined by the unforeseen and unplannable.

We have our dreams and hopes and we are flying to some distant horizon, yet life doesn't care.

Around every corner, at every flap of our wings,

everything can change and that's all the more reason to enjoy the view from where we are as long as it lasts.

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FOR YOU

本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節 B2 級別的口語課以影片“The 4 moments that will change your life”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：situation, seagull, boundary, Jaspers, Hammond。這段影片共有 76 個句子、1029 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 5:39。說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 182 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。只有 81% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
boundary 名詞	/ˈbaʊndɹi/	邊界 /邊界
adulthood 名詞		成年
unexpectedly 副詞	/ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪdli/	竟然, 出乎意料地
rifle 名詞	/ˈɹaɪfəl/	步槍 /步槍, 來福槍 /來福槍
allegory 名詞	/ˈæləˌɡɔɹi/	諷喻 /諷喻, 託寓 /托寓
capricious 形容詞	/kəˈpɹɪʃəs/	反覆無常的, 善變的
detour 名詞	/ˈdi.toɹ/	繞行 /繞行, 彎路 /彎路
misfortune 名詞	/mɪsˈfɔɹt͡ʃən/	不幸, 禍 /禍
obsess 動詞	/əbˈsɛs/	迷住, 著魔
overshadow 動詞	/ˌoʊ.vɚˈʃæd.oʊ/	使黯然失色, 使相形見絀 /使相形見絀
regularity 名詞	/ˌɹɛɡjuˈlæɹəti/	正則性 /正則性, 規則性 /規則性
rupture 名詞	/ˈɹʌpt͡ʃɚ/	破裂
snowstorm 名詞	/ˈsnəʊstɔːm/	暴風雪 /暴風雪, 大風雪 /大風雪
longing 名詞	/ˈlɔːŋɪŋ/	渴望
sock 名詞	/sɑk/	襪子 /襪子

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
come along 動詞	陪伴, 陪同
point out 動詞	指, 指出
write down 動詞	寫下來 /寫下來, 寫下 /寫下

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 7 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 we're, didn't, doesn't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“th” 音: tooth /tuθ/, thunder /ˈθʌndɚ/
“sh” 和 “zh” 音: capricious /kəˈpɹɪʃəs/, overshadow /ˌoʊ.vɚˈʃæd.oʊ/, initiate /ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt/, revelation /ˌɹɛv.əˈleɪ.ʃən/
長單詞——注意重音位置: unexpectedly /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪdli/, allegory /ˈæləˌɡɔɹi/, mercurial /mɝˈkjʊ.ɹi.əl/, overshadow /ˌoʊ.vɚˈʃæd.oʊ/, regularity /ˌɹɛɡjuˈlæɹəti/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: overshadow /ˌoʊ.vɚˈʃæd.oʊ/, transformative /tɹænsˈfɔɹmətɪv/, revelation /ˌɹɛv.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, dive /daɪv/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: flap /flæp/, busyness /ˈbɪz.i.nəs/, capricious /kəˈpɹɪʃəs/, idleness /ˈaɪdəlnəs/, obsess /əbˈsɛs/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: rifle /ˈɹaɪfəl/, allegory /ˈæləˌɡɔɹi/, blinker /ˈblɪŋkəɹ/, mercurial /mɝˈkjʊ.ɹi.əl/, regularity /ˌɹɛɡjuˈlæɹəti/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 boundary, adulthood, unexpectedly 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: The 4 moments that will change your life - 通過影片學習英語口語

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