Prática de Shadowing: The 4 moments that will change your life - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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He was telling me that he nearly died.
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I was sitting on the sofa talking to my mate's dad.
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It's always a little bit strange talking to your childhood friend's parents
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when you're older because on the one hand it's nice to see them and their world with older and wiser eyes.
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It's nice to see them as people.
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But on the other hand, childhood is not an easy thing to shake off.
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Hi Johnny, come on in, he said.
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Hi Mr Hammond, thanks for having me stay.
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Hey, can Alex come and play please?
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I reply suddenly in a squeaky prepubescent voice wearing shorts and carrying my primary school bag.
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But as I sat there in the nostalgic liminal space between adulthood and childhood, Mr Hammond told me about how he had nearly died.
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It wasn't one of those I got a diagnosis and then I pulled through kinds of stories.
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This was a hit by lightning, hungry shark attack, act of God kind of thing.
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one minute he was fine
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and the next he was in the back of an ambulance
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careening down the road to the hospital without oversharing another person's story i would just say
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that it involved a lot of blood hours on an operating table
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and a few weeks in the ward do you know what johnny he said to me all of
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that you need to make the most of it stuff is all just abstract
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and remote until it happens of course you think it
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and you say it but until something like this happens you don't feel it
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I told Mr Hammond to write down his story for me, especially his post-encounter philosophies, but until that time you have me.
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And so this week we're going to look at life-changing moments along with Anton Chekhov.
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In Chekhov's play The Seagull, we are asked to imagine a seagull flying over a lake.
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The gull is swooping and diving, fishing and cawing.
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It's entirely consumed by the busyness of being a seagull.
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And then, in the squeeze of a trigger, it's gone.
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A man on the shore holding a rifle is bored, and with no game and no fun to be had, he decides to pull up his gun and shoot the bird for no other reason than idleness.
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Of course, as with any great literature, the metaphors are wrapped in allegories.
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In the play, we meet a cast of characters who are obsessed with their own plans.
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They have these unfulfilled longings.
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They want fame, they want riches, they want love, they want pure art.
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Like a seagull flapping back to land, they have their eyes only for the shore, and so blinkered and distracted,
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they are vulnerable to the misfortune of life's mercurial rifle.
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So much of our lives is spent planning and preparing for things, and yet often the most significant moments come out of the blue.
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These are what the psychiatrist Carl Jaspers called boundary situations.
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A boundary situation is a rupture.
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It's a transformative experience that we cannot initiate, plan or even avoid.
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We can only encounter it.
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The mundane, every part of our life, putting on socks, ordering a pizza, planning a holiday, that kind of thing, are what Jaspers calls a situation being.
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But a boundary situation is one that thunders down to shake the foundations of your very existence.
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It changes who you are and it happens
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when you wake up in a hospital bed having only just beaten the reaper's odds.
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Although these boundary situations change a bit in Jasper's works, he broadly sorted them into four categories.
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First, you have death.
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We fear our loved ones dying and we fear the very fact of our own death.
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When you know grief, when you reflect on mortality, you often find some kind of revelation.
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As my friend's dad told me, we always know about death, but when it's a boundary situation.
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It comes crashing into our lives like some grim and unforeseen curtain call.
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Second, suffering.
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As the Buddha pointed out long before Jaspers, it is impossible to entirely avoid suffering.
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Our paths will hit old age, sickness and a great deal of pain.
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Some of this we can see coming, a tooth filling, a long run, a 14-hour flight to Australia.
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But the rest comes along unexpectedly.
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It hits us with such a shocking intensity that we're almost glad that we didn't see it coming.
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We come home from the hospital with a new life to live.
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Then there is guilt.
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There will come a time in life, often in adulthood, when we feel responsible for things.
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And this is a sudden awareness that our actions will impact those around us.
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That we are the reason for those tears, that laughter, that pain, that joy.
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The profound pull of the heart changes how we live and it often comes on unexpectedly.
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Finally you have chance.
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No matter how ordered we might want our lives to be, there will always be an unpredictable exception.
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We can hope for the best and make all of the plans
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that we want but we will never fully control all of the facts that affect our existence.
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We want order, we want regularity but we get the capricious throws of chance.
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What Chekhov's Seagull, Jaspers and Mr Hammond all get right is
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that we are each more vulnerable than we might want to allow.
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A wedding, three years and the fortune in the planning is ruined by a single stomach bug.
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An hour-long journey home for Christmas winds up getting you stuck in the traffic of a freak snowstorm.
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A lifetime achievement is overshadowed by a national disaster.
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A long and gentle retirement is blown off course by a near-death detour to the operating table.
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Our lives are defined by the unforeseen and unplannable.
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We have our dreams and hopes and we are flying to some distant horizon, yet life doesn't care.
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Around every corner, at every flap of our wings,
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everything can change and that's all the more reason to enjoy the view from where we are as long as it lasts.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B2 usa o vídeo “The 4 moments that will change your life”. As palavras que mais se repetem: situation, seagull, boundary, Jaspers, Hammond. Este vídeo tem 76 frases e 1029 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 5:39. O falante fala rápido, cerca de 182 palavras por minuto, então espere sons ligados e reduzidos. Apenas 81% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| boundary substantivo | /ˈbaʊndɹi/ | fronteira |
| flap substantivo | /flæp/ | aba |
| unforeseen adjetivo | /ˌʌnfɔːˈsiːn/ | imprevisto |
| adulthood substantivo | idade adulta, fase adulta | |
| unexpectedly advérbio | /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪdli/ | inesperadamente |
| rifle substantivo | /ˈɹaɪfəl/ | fuzil, espingarda |
| allegory substantivo | /ˈæləˌɡɔɹi/ | alegoria |
| blinker substantivo | /ˈblɪŋkəɹ/ | antolho, pala |
| capricious adjetivo | /kəˈpɹɪʃəs/ | impulsivo, imprevisível |
| careen verbo | /kəˈɹiːn/ | carenar, querenar |
| detour substantivo | /ˈdi.toɹ/ | desvio, distracção |
| idleness substantivo | /ˈaɪdəlnəs/ | inatividade, ócio |
| liminal adjetivo | /ˈlɪmən(ə)l/ | limiar |
| mercurial adjetivo | /mɝˈkjʊ.ɹi.əl/ | mercuriano |
| misfortune substantivo | /mɪsˈfɔɹt͡ʃən/ | desgraça, infortúnio |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| point out verbo | apontar | |
| pull up verbo | /ˌpʊl ˈʌp/ | puxar para cima |
| wind up verbo | /waɪnd ˈʌp/ | dar corda |
| write down verbo | anotar |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 7 contrações e formas reduzidas, como we're, didn't, doesn't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: tooth /tuθ/, thunder /ˈθʌndɚ/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: capricious /kəˈpɹɪʃəs/, overshadow /ˌoʊ.vɚˈʃæd.oʊ/, initiate /ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt/, revelation /ˌɹɛv.əˈleɪ.ʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: unexpectedly /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪdli/, allegory /ˈæləˌɡɔɹi/, mercurial /mɝˈkjʊ.ɹi.əl/, overshadow /ˌoʊ.vɚˈʃæd.oʊ/, regularity /ˌɹɛɡjuˈlæɹəti/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: flap /flæp/, sock /sɑk/, psychiatrist /ˌsaɪˈkaɪ.ə.tɹɪst/, distract /dɪˈstɹækt/, initiate /ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: seagull /ˈsiː.ɡʌl/, rifle /ˈɹaɪfəl/, liminal /ˈlɪmən(ə)l/, mercurial /mɝˈkjʊ.ɹi.əl/
- s + consoante no início — sem um “i” antes: snowstorm /ˈsnəʊstɔːm/, squeaky /ˈskwiːki/, squeeze /skwiːz/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como boundary, flap, unforeseen.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.