跟讀練習: Arguments for God: The Fine Tuning Argument - 通過影片學習英語口語
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14 句
如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。
1
Christopher Hitchens spent his life taking apart the arguments for God, but there was one that he found the most intriguing and one that he couldn't dismiss out of hand.
克里斯托弗·希欽斯畢生都在駁斥支援上帝存在的論點，但有一個論點他覺得最耐人尋味，而且無法直接予以否定。
2
It's known as the fine-tuning argument and it goes like this.
這就是所謂的微調論證，其內容如下。
3
Imagine that the universe is made up of a series of numbers, the mass of an electron, the strength of gravity, the force that binds an atom together.
假設宇宙是由一系列數值構成的——電子的質量、引力的強度、將原子結合在一起的力。
4
Now imagine that those numbers exist on dials.
現在想像這些數字顯示在刻度盤上。
5
If you turn the dial of gravity just a fraction one way, then the stars will never form.
如果你把重力的刻度盤往一個方向稍微調一點點，那麼恆星就永遠不會形成。
6
turn the force inside the atom and carbon never exists
改變原子內部的作用力，碳元素就根本不會存在。
7
turn the energy of empty space and the universe collapses before it even gets going
轉化虛空的能量，宇宙在尚未開始形成之前就會坍縮。
8
out of every setting that the dials could hold almost none produce a universe
在這些刻度盤所能設定的所有引數組合中，幾乎沒有哪一組能產生一個可以存在的宇宙。
9
that can hold life and yet ours does
能夠承載生命，而我們的宇宙恰好如此
10
so the question is did something set the dials does fine
所以問題是，是不是有什麼東西調整了那些刻度盤，結果一切正常。
11
tuning require a fine tuner hitchens never believed in god and many atheists answers depend on more numbers still a multiverse.
微調需要一個精細調諧器，希欽斯從不相信上帝，而許多無神論者的解釋仍然依賴於更多的數字，也就是多元宇宙。
12
Maybe ours is just one bubble among countless others, a dial set at random, and we simply live in the one where they happen to land right.
也許我們的宇宙只是無數泡泡中的一個，就像一個隨機設定的刻度盤，而我們恰好生活在那些引數剛好合適的那一個裡。
13
But the problem is that to dodge one universe you can't explain, you have to invent infinite ones you can't see.
但問題在於，為了迴避一個你無法解釋的宇宙，你必須創造出無數個你看不見的宇宙。
14
So which is the smaller miracle, that one universe was made on purpose, or that endless ones were made with none?
那麼，哪一種才是更微小的奇蹟呢——是有一個宇宙被刻意創造出來，還是無數個宇宙自然生成、沒有任何刻意安排？
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這段影片共有 14 個句子、244 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 1:17。 說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 190 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 83% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| tune 名詞 | /tjuːn/ | 曲調 /曲調, 曲子 |
| atom 名詞 | /ˈætəm/ | 原子 |
| depend 動詞 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 信任, 信賴 /信賴 |
| collapse 動詞 | /kəˈlæps/ | 倒坍, 崩潰 /崩潰 |
| endless 形容詞 | /ˈɛndlɪs/ | 無窮 /無窮, 不盡 /不盡 |
| bubble 名詞 | /ˈbʌbəl/ | 泡, 氣泡 /氣泡 |
| infinite 形容詞 | /ˈɪnfɪnɪt/ | 無窮 /無窮, 無限 /無限 |
| miracle 名詞 | /ˈmɪɹ.ə.kəl/ | 奇跡 /奇蹟 |
| countless 形容詞 | /ˈkaʊntləs/ | 無數 /無數 |
| fraction 名詞 | /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/ | 部分 |
| dodge 動詞 | /dɑd͡ʒ/ | 躲避, 躲開 /躲開 |
| dismiss 動詞 | /dɪsˈmɪs/ | 解僱 /解僱 |
| electron 名詞 | /ɪˈlɛk.tɹɑn/ | 電子 /電子 |
| atheist 名詞 | /ˈeɪ.θi.ɪst/ | 無神論者 /無神論者 |
| invent 動詞 | /ɪnˈvɛnt/ | 發明 /發明 |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 3 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 can't, couldn't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 tune, atom, depend 這類單詞。
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | is made · was made |
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跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。