跟讀練習: Understanding Global Atmospheric Circulation - 通過影片學習英語口語
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44 句
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Why is it that some parts of the world are warmer than others,
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even when they are approximately the same distance from the equator?
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For example, in the Scilly Isles that lie off the coast of Cornwall in southwest England,
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January temperatures are generally very mild.
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Frosts are extremely rare and snow even more so.
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Average daytime temperatures are about 10 degrees Celsius and nighttime about 5.
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Yet cross the Atlantic to the city of St John's in Newfoundland,
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Canada, and the situation is very different.
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In January there's an average 18 days of snow cover,
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and minimum temperatures at night average minus 9 degrees.
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That's a 14 degree difference between those two locations,
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even though they are at a similar latitude.
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One important factor is the Gulf Stream,
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a warm stream of surface water that circulates around the Atlantic Ocean.
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The North Atlantic Drift is an offshoot that circulates warm water around the Scillies,
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so the sea surface temperature almost never falls below 11 degrees in winter.
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In St John's at the same time,
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the sea temperature is 0.5 degrees.
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The Gulf Stream is partly caused by the circulation of ocean waters,
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but is mainly driven by winds.
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The Earth's climate, ocean currents and global atmospheric circulation or large-scale winds are interconnected.
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At any one time there are many different weather systems creating localised conditions around the globe.
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While storms are raging in the North Atlantic in February,
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in the Southern Hemisphere, Central Australia can be suffering intense heat,
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and heavy tropical rains might be falling in the Amazon rainforests.
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The global circulation model explains the Earth's atmospheric circulation.
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Heating and cooling effects around the globe are driven by wind.
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The starting point of this model is heat from the sun.
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Energy from the sun is shortwave light radiation and not actually heat.
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The heat we feel comes from light absorbed on the Earth's surface,
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which is converted into longwave radiation that we feel as heat.
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So on a warm day,
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the heat we feel comes from the Earth's surface heating the air around it.
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Our location on Earth plays a major part in determining the amount of heat we feel.
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In the Sahara, during the hottest months,
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air temperatures can rise above 50 degrees Celsius.
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Over the course of one year,
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the intensity of solar radiation,
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or insulation, is greatest over the equator because the sun is directly overhead.
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At the polar caps, the sun hits the Earth's surface at a much lower angle,
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so the same amount of energy is spread over a much larger area,
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which means it's cooler.
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Polar ice sheets also reflect most of the sunlight that does reach the surface.
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There is an excess of heat at the equator and a deficit at the poles.
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關於本課
在本課中，學習者將通過分析氣候與大氣環流之間的關係，來提高他們的英語聽說能力。我們將探討為什麼地球上某些地方的溫度會比其他地方更高，儘管它們離赤道的距離相似。通過觀看相關影片，學習者可以掌握一些氣候相關的詞彙與表達方式，這將有助於提升他們的雅思口語能力及日常交流水平。
關鍵詞彙與短語
- 大氣環流 - Atmospheric circulation
- 海流 - Ocean currents
- 氣溫 - Air temperature
- 太陽輻射 - Solar radiation
- 赤道 - Equator
- 極地 - Polar
- 氣候 - Climate
- 熱量 - Heat
練習建議
為了有效提升您的英語口語能力，建議您採用英語影子跟讀的方法。觀看影片時，請儘量跟隨發音者的節奏與語調進行模仿。例如，本影片的講述者語速適中，您可以在理解內容的基礎上，反覆聽取並模仿其表述。
注意，您在模仿時要關注語音的重音與連讀現象。這會幫助您更自然地表達。除了模仿發音，您還可以嘗試將新學的關鍵詞彙運用到日常對話中，通過看YouTube學英語來加深記憶，並提高雅思口語練習的效果。
堅持每天花一些時間進行shadow speak與聽力練習，您會發現自己的英語交流能力逐漸提升。利用這段影片的內容，您不僅可以學到關於氣候變化的重要知識，還能有效地提升自己的語言表達能力。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。