跟讀練習: What is Psychology? (Intro Psych Tutorial #1) - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Hi, I'm Michael Corayer and this is Psych Exam Review, where I answer common questions and explain the key concepts in psychology.

This is the first video, so I'm going to start with a basic question, that is, what is psychology?

Now if you've ever told someone that you're taking a psychology class, you probably already know that there's a lot of misconceptions about what psychology is.

Despite what people think, it's not about analyzing someone's every move or trying to read people's minds or anything like that.

So we can say that psychology is the scientific study of thought and behavior.

This means that psychologists want to know why people think the things

that they think and why they do the things that they do

and answering these questions can help us to better understand the world.

We can understand the causes of events and behaviors and we can understand how and why people differ from one another.

Now this is a pretty broad field saying

that we're going to study thought and behavior and this means that psychology is really connected to everything that people do.

Anything that you're interested in, psychology can help you to understand it,

but because it's so we have to break psychology up into a number of subfields.

So let's see a few examples of these.

We have cognitive psychology and cognitive psychology focuses on cognition or thought.

So how do our thoughts influence us?

How do they influence our emotional state or our decision -making or our behavior?

We also have evolutionary psychology and evolutionary psychologists want to know how our thinking

and our behavior has been shaped over millions of years of evolution, so how have certain patterns been selected for over time.

We also have developmental psychology, and developmental psychologists also want to know about how we change over time,

but they look at a much shorter time period, the course of a lifespan.

So how do people change from infancy to adolescence or from adolescence to adulthood.

Then we have neuroscience and neuroscience is focused on studying the brain and brain activity.

Now this might be connected to our thinking

so we might look for patterns of brain activity

and how they connect to thought and that would fall under cognitive neuroscience

or we might focus on the relationship between brain activity and behavior and that would be considered behavioral neuroscience.

Now many of these approaches focus on an individual, but we can also think about how being in a group influences thought and behavior.

So how do you change when you're around other people?

And that would fall under social psychology.

And lastly we have abnormal psychology, and this is the area that most people think of when they think of psychology,

and and this is studying thoughts and behaviors that are deemed to be abnormal.

Included within this would be clinical psychology, and that is examining the diagnosis and also the treatment of psychological disorders.

Now these are just a few of the subfields of psychology, there are others, but it's important to remember

that each of these approaches uses slightly different methods and has different ways of studying thought and behavior,

But none of these represents the best approach.

There's not one right way to study thought and behavior.

Instead we should think of all these different approaches as each being a piece of the puzzle that we're trying to solve.

That's a general overview of the field of psychology and

if you found this helpful please like the video and subscribe to the channel for more.

Thanks for watching.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節口語課以影片“What is Psychology?”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：psychology, behavior, neuroscience, brain, psychologists。這段影片共有 11 個句子、598 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 4:18。說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 139 個詞，很適合跟讀。 84% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。全部 11 個句子中有 4 個是問句，適合練習疑問語調和簡短回答。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
psychology 名詞	/saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/	心理學 /心理學
connect 動詞	/kəˈnɛkt/	連線 /連線
cognitive 形容詞	/ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv/	認知的 /認知的
psychologist 名詞	/ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/	心理學家 /心理學家
abnormal 形容詞	/ˌæbˈnɔɹ.ml̩/	異常 /異常
select 動詞	/sɪˈlɛkt/	選 /選, 挑選 /挑選
helpful 形容詞	/ˈhɛlp.fl̩/	有幫助 /有幫助
solve 動詞	/sɒlv/	解決 /解決
evolution 名詞	/ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/	演變 /演變, 變遷 /變遷
disorder 名詞	/dɪsˈɔɹdɚ/	混亂 /混亂, 紊亂 /紊亂
diagnosis 名詞	/daɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs/	診斷 /診斷
examine 動詞	/ɪɡˈzæmɪn/	檢查, 調查
overview 名詞	/ˈoʊ.vɚˌvjuː/	概觀 /概觀
differ 動詞	/ˈdɪfɚ/	不同, 差別 /差別
subscribe 動詞	/səbˈskɹaɪb/	簽署 /簽署

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	is really connected · has been shaped · might be connected
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	you've ever told · has been shaped

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 8 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 you're, we're, I'll。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, cognition /kɑɡˈnɪʃ.ən/, misconception /ˌmɪs.kənˈsɛp.ʃən/
長單詞——注意重音位置: psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, developmental /dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛntəl/, evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: cognitive /ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, developmental /dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛntəl/, solve /sɒlv/, evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: connect /kəˈnɛkt/, cognitive /ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, select /sɪˈlɛkt/, solve /sɒlv/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, abnormal /ˌæbˈnɔɹ.ml̩/, behavioral /bɪˈheɪvjəɹəl/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 psychology, connect, cognitive 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: What is Psychology? (Intro Psych Tutorial #1) - 通過影片學習英語口語

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