跟讀練習: Why Beautiful Things Make us Happy – Beauty Explained - 通過影片學習英語口語
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69 句
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A lot of things can be beautiful.
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Landscapes, faces, fine art, or epic architecture; stars in the sky.
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Or simply the reflection of the sun on an empty bottle.
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Beauty is nothing tangible, it only exists in our heads as a pleasant feeling.
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If we have to define it, we perceive something as beautiful if its color, shape, form, or proportion somehow are appealing or delightful to us.
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Beauty is a very human experience that's been with us for millions of years.
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Even our first tools were trimmed to a symmetrical shape.
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Researchers have tried to find practical reasons why our ancestors invested the time to make their tools look nice, but couldn't really identify any.
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It seems that early humans shaped their tools into teardrops, simply because they liked them better that way.
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Throughout our history, the definition of beauty has changed a lot.
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Ideals have shifted or turned into their opposites.
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But beyond individual and contemporary tastes some things have never really gone out of fashion.
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The golden ratio, symmetry, or fractal patterns can be found in the art and architecture of cultures from our beginnings, to today.
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Humans seem to be in mysterious, inherent agreement about the beauty of certain things.
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The patterns that keep coming up are all rooted in nature.
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They became part of our biology because they helped our ancestors survive.
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Fractal patterns for example, occur all over nature.
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In snail shells, flower heads; waves or clouds Identifying and assessing these things and phenomena correctly used to be vital.
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Do those clouds mean rain will come soon? Are these waters safe to swim through? Can I eat this?
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Another pervasive thing is symmetry.
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In nature it means everything is as it should be Stems and trees and leaves and blossoms all grow symmetrically A deer with impressive antlers is probably a source of nutritious meat.
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A deformed wheat hair may not be safe to eat.
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A symmetrical face is more likely to belong to a healthy and fertile mating partner.
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Because symmetry is so common in fauna and flora, it's extremely familiar to our brain.
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It helped our ancestors evaluate their environment more easily, and react quickly to danger.
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Things that helped us survive activate the reward center in our brain.
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recognising signals of safety and nutrition, triggered nice feelings in us.
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So our sense of beauty probably evolved from pattern recognition, but it goes way beyond that now.
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Humans seem to have evolved an instinct for beauty that is deeply hardwired into us.
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It remain even after other processes in our brain stop working.
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Alzheimer's patients were asked to rank the beauty of several paintings Then the experiment was repeated two weeks later The patients have long since forgotten the paintings, but still ranked the beauty of the paintings in the same order.
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One could argue that this doesn't say much. So what if people stick to their personal preferences?
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But other research has shown that we have a sort of lowest common denominator when it comes to beauty.
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In different experiments, people were asked to distinguish real from fake abstract paintings.
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Some were originals by Mondrian and Pollock that were painted based on strict rules like fractal patterns, while the imitations were not.
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The majority picked out the original artworks.
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This worked for paintings from both artists, even though their arts are very different.
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Another experiment also used abstract artworks but, asked people to pick them out among similar paintings made either by children or animals.
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Again, the test subjects pointed out the legit paintings whose patterns were carefully planned and not random So while we have a hard time pinning down what beauty is or what it's based on, we somehow recognize it when we see it Humans don't navigate nature trying to survive day by day anymore We left the natural world behind and created our own.
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We made the objects that surround us the things we wear and use and look at.
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As we spread over the planet and our numbers grew, we shaped a completely man-made environment.
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In the process of doing so, we often neglected beauty in favor of functionality cost or efficiency.
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We built rows and rows of concrete housing blocks that nobody wants to live in.
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We have ugly underground subway stations, shabby public service buildings, and sprawling malls.
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One bland, standardized box beside the next.
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Humans, don't like monotony.
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Eye tracking software has shown that people keep focusing on details and ornaments of architecture while brushing quickly over blank walls And not only are they no fun to look at, they actually make us miserable.
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Experiments with skin sensors showed that looking at vast, dull facades makes us feel bored and uncomfortable.
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This kind of boredom has been linked to raised heart rates and stress levels and the opposite seems to be true, too.
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Over the last decades more and more studies have found that surroundings that are actually aesthetically pleasing to us can improve our well-being, our behavior, cognitive function, and mood.
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Our bodies and brains react measurably and visibly to everything that surrounds us Beauty in particular has such a strong impact on our well-being that making useful things beautiful can actually make them better.
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In 2017, a hospital examined recovery factors through observation and interviews with patients and found that visual art in their lounge areas made them more comfortable and happier about their stay in general.
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Another study looked at how well patients recovered in a hospital that had two wards.
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A very old and rather ugly one, and a newly renovated ward.
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To the researchers' surprise, the patients that stayed in the new, renovated environment, needed less pain medication and were released on average, two days earlier than patients recovering in the old ward.
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More beautiful surroundings made them feel better, physically.
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Beauty also has an effect on us on a daily basis.
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It can improve our general happiness.
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A study that looked at the main factors influencing the happiness of adults revealed an unexpected result.
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Besides things like good health in a harmonious family life, individual happiness is affected by how beautiful you find the city you live in.
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Beauty scored even higher than cleanliness or safety.
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So what can we learn from all of this?
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We know that we humans have been fine-tuned for millions of years to process visual input and assess our surroundings.
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It's just what we're programmed to do and we're starting to learn more about how much beauty as a property is really influencing us.
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Beauty meets an inherent need for meaningful information.
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Maybe it would be worth giving it more space in this man-made world we have created.
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This video was a collaboration with the creative agencies, Sagmeister and Walsh as a contribution to their upcoming beauty exhibition.
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The exhibition will be shown at the Mak Vienna from Oct. 23, 2018 - Mar. 31, 2019 and a Mak Frankfurt from May 01, 2019 - Sept. 30, 2019 If you want to learn more about the impact of beauty and see tons of gorgeous installations and multimedia objects, go check it out!
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review: Doğa Poyraz Tahan
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為何這個影片是絕佳的英語口語練習素材？
想要提升英語口語，選對素材很關鍵。這個關於“美”的影片不僅內容有趣，還包含大量自然流暢的表達，非常適合用來練習shadow speak（影子跟讀法）。影片中的句子結構多樣，既有描述性語句（如“大自然中的分形圖案隨處可見，蝸牛殼、花頭、波浪或雲朵裡都有”），也有議論性內容（如“人類對美的感知可能源於模式識別，但如今已遠超於此”），能幫助學習者全面鍛鍊口語能力。此外，話題貼近生活，容易引發共鳴，讓練習不再枯燥。
拆解3句自然表達，學習地道口語
- “Beauty is nothing tangible, it only exists in our heads as a pleasant feeling.” 這句話用“nothing tangible”（無形的）簡潔地定義了美，後半句通過“exists in our heads as”結構將抽象概念具體化，口語中這樣的表達既準確又生動。練習時注意“tangible”的發音，以及句子的停頓。
- “Humans seem to be in mysterious, inherent agreement about the beauty of certain things.” 句中的“inherent agreement”（內在的共識）是非常地道的短語，用來描述人類對美的共同感知。“mysterious”和“inherent”的連讀的節奏，能幫助提升英語發音的流暢度。
- “Surroundings that are actually aesthetically pleasing to us can improve our well-being, our behavior, cognitive function, and mood.” 此句通過列舉“well-being, behavior, cognitive function, mood”（幸福感、行為、認知功能、情緒），清晰地說明了美觀環境的好處。口語中使用這樣的排比結構，能讓表達更有說服力，同時也能鍛鍊語言組織能力。
簡單有效的shadow speak練習步驟
想要通過這個影片練好口語，不妨試試以下練習routine：首先，完整觀看影片，熟悉內容和語速。然後，選取1-2分鐘的片段，逐句播放，每播放一句就暫停，立即跟讀（即shadowspeak），注意模仿發音、語調甚至停頓。跟讀時可以錄音，結束後對比自己與原音的差異，重點糾正發音不準的單詞（如“fractal”“symmetry”）。重複練習3-5次後，嘗試不看字幕跟讀，感受句子的流暢性。堅持一週，你會發現自己的英語口語越來越自然，提高英語發音不再是難事！
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | that's been · have tried · has changed |
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | were trimmed · can be found · were asked |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。