跟读练习: 4 Fundamentals to Smart Speaking | Matt Abrahams (Key Points Talk) - 通过视频学习英语口语
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48 句
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So today my goal is to share with you some tips
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and techniques that you can use to help you be more comfortable and confident when you're speaking.
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So let's start by talking about approach.
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We need to approach communication in an open way.
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See it as an opportunity to share our ideas, our beliefs, our innovations.
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But that's not enough.
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We need to think about the audience that we're speaking to to.
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Most of us think about here's what I want to say or here's what I need to say.
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I would suggest that's exactly wrong.
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You need to think about what does my audience need to hear.
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The three things I think we need to ask about our audience are what is their knowledge?
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What is it that they know?
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In addition to knowledge, we need to be thinking about their expectations.
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What is it that they expect of me?
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And then you can choose to conform to those expectations or not.
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The final thing we need to think about are what are their attitudes.
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The way you approach your communication is influenced by what your audience thinks about what you're talking on.
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Are they in favor of it?
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Are they against it?
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Are they hesitant, agnostic?
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But beyond knowing your audience, you have to appreciate the context in which you speak.
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The first thing about context we need to think about is the time.
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What time of day are you communicating.
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If you're talking early in the morning, you might have to have a little more energy to keep people moving.
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Context also involves emotion.
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Most of us when we communicate, we think about information.
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What's in my head, in my heart, I need to communicate to you.
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But we also communicate a feeling.
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Maybe we're trying to get people excited and motivate them.
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But we need to think about the emotion as well as the information.
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The final bit of context has to do with where you're physically speaking.
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Think about the way the room is set up.
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Think about the environment.
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Is it live?
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Is it virtual?
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Those change the way that you communicate.
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So our approach is important, our audience is important, the context in which we find ourselves is important,
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and so too is the way we structure our messages.
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In fact, we remember information up to 40% better when it's structured.
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The first structure is a chronological structure, past, present, future.
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Here's how things used to be, here's how they are today, here's where they're going in the future.
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The next structure happens to be the problem-solution-benefit structure.
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You start by explaining what the issue is, you talk about how to solve it, and then the benefits to the people.
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Finally, my favorite structure is the what, so what, now what structure.
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You start by telling people what the issue is, you tell them why it's important in that so what step, and then you tell them what's next, what's coming.
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So I want for you bold communication that's confident and compelling.
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And I want for your message to echo long after you leave the room.
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Thank you.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“4 Fundamentals to Smart Speaking”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：structure, audience, context, communicate, approach。 这段视频共有 48 个句子、527 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 2:59。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 176 个词，接近日常对话。 93% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇容易理解。 全部 48 个句子中有 8 个是问句，适合练习疑问语调和简短回答。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 12 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| emotion 名词 | /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ | 感情, 情感 |
| expectation 名词 | /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ | 等待 |
| technique 名词 | /tɛkˈniːk/ | 技術 /技术, 技巧 |
| belief 名词 | /bɪˈliːf/ | 相信, 信心 |
| solve 动词 | /sɒlv/ | 解決 /解决 |
| innovation 名词 | /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/ | 革新, 創新 /创新 |
| bold 形容词 | /ˈbəʊld/ | 膽大 /胆大, 勇敢 |
| echo 名词 | /ˈɛk.oʊ/ | 回聲 /回声, 應聲 /应声 |
| motivate 动词 | /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/ | 激发 |
| conform 动词 | /kənˈfɔɹm/ | 遵从 |
| chronological 形容词 | /ˌkɹɑnəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/ | 按時間先後 /按时间先后 |
| compel 动词 | /kəmˈpɛl/ | 強迫 /强迫 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 7 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 you're, we're, they're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, chronological /ˌkɹɑnəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: solve /sɒlv/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, virtual /ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/, involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/, motivate /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/, technique /tɛkˈniːk/, belief /bɪˈliːf/, solve /sɒlv/, involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: virtual /ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/, chronological /ˌkɹɑnəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 emotion, expectation, technique 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。