跟读练习: Part 4 organic farming - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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4. You will hear part of a lecture on organic farming.
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4. You will hear part of a lecture on organic farming.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now, listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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to grow crops and raise animals.
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Virtually all organic farmers prefer to use renewable resources
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and recycling to give what conventional farmers might consider waste back to the soil of Mother Nature.
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From this, we can see organic farming is a sustainable production system,
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which is one of its advantages.
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Organic farmers use numerous techniques to promote the quality of life of plants and animals within existing ecosystems
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and minimise pollution that occurs with all conventional farming practices.
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Another benefit is that, with the increasing consumer demand for a healthier,
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more nutritionally balanced product, the sales of organically produced food are promoted.
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According to the research, it has become the fastest growing sector of agriculture
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and has shown an annual increase of at least 20% during the last six years.
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What's more, both chemical fertilizers and synthetic pesticides consume non-renewable resources such as oil and coal,
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but the development of organic farming can lower the demand for these fertilizers and pesticides,
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so it is conducive to the conservation of essential energy.
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At the same time, it also can reduce industrial pollution caused by the production of these chemical substances.
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Organic farming differs greatly from the traditional one in a number of ways.
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Let's discuss it from the perspective of agricultural biodiversity, firstly.
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For instance, earthworms are an important indicator of soil fertility.
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Studies have shown that the density
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and species number of earthworms in organically managed soils are three times as high as those in conventional fields.
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Moreover, the biodiversity in organic farming can also be reflected in the number of insects,
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which is twice as many as those in traditional farms.
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This might be highly related to the fact that organic vegetables are grown without any human-made pesticides,
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making these vegetables more likely to be damaged.
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The other main difference between organic and traditional farming lies in crop yields,
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one of the biggest concerns of organic farmers.
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Organic farms, though possibly well adapted for certain local environments,
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produce less food per unit of land.
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For example, organic vegetables like tomatoes and potatoes yielded are 40% less than conventional ones.
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In addition, research has also found the number of weeds produced in winter is about 90% at present,
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which has decreased by 10% than before.
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However, lower crop yields in organic farming are still inevitable at the moment.
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Anyway, organic farming is a new direction for agricultural development.
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These days, a variety of organic products are cultivated not only for humans,
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but also for animals, for example, organic grass.
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It is commonly used in organic farms to feed cows.
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Because of the non-use of synthetic fertilizers or pesticides,
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it can protect cows from diseases brought by large-scale breeding,
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thus ensuring the quality of raw milk.
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but an interesting phenomenon is that its production has remained constant these years,
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which is quite unique compared with other types of crops.
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Research on organic farming has covered various aspects and involved many countries.
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According to one study, organic farming was proposed in India in the early 1960s
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when it was faced with acute shortages of food grains due to the ever-increasing population and natural disasters.
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Although it could not be applied successfully at first,
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as farmers had been familiar with conventional instructions,
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proponents of organic farming claimed that organic agriculture
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emphasised biodiversity and effective soil management could enhance the capacity to mitigate and even reverse the effects of climate change.
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So, India needed organic farming along with modern scientific agriculture.
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The study shows that in 2016,
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India became the country with the largest number of organic products and the production of crops kept growing year on year.
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Another international review about organic farming presents in the first part that people today have become increasingly interested in organic food,
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and this opinion is quite the same as that of other articles.
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But what impressed me most was the volume of the investigation the author did in different countries.
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He conducted a survey in 99 countries,
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of which 66 are convinced that organic farming is beneficial to animals,
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while 8 hold the opposite opinion and the remaining 25 say it is inconclusive.
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Therefore, the last part of the review is mainly talking about whether organic farming brings positive effects to animals.
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We can see there are different views about the advantages of organic farming.
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Some may think it can provide more nutritious and healthier food,
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Others may say it can protect the natural environment and benefit wildlife.
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However, as far as I'm concerned,
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it's you, the ones who buy organic products,
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that will decide what they can bring to you because market demand determines everything.
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OK, that's all I want to say.
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Now, let's open it up for discussion.
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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Thank you.
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为什么要通过这个视频练习口语？
在观看关于有机农业的讲座时，您将接触到许多农业领域相关的专业术语和概念，这对于扩展您的英语能力尤其重要。通过这种类型的视频，您不仅可以提高对特定主题的了解，还能有效提升您的英语口语能力。观看这一视频可以帮助您在谈论可持续农业和环境保护时，更加自信地使用英语，适合任何想要提升雅思口语练习的学习者。此外，您可以通过模仿和影子练习（shadowing）视频中的对话，增强语音与语调的掌握，从而提升您的听力理解和表达能力。
语法与表达技巧分析
在视频中，讲者使用了几个关键的语法结构和表达来看待有机农业。以下是一些重要的例子：
- 被动语态：“被认为是可持续的农业生产系统”，这种结构常用于描述环境和生态;
- 条件句：“如果有机农业得以发展”，可以帮助表达假设和条件;
- 比较级：“有机农场的虫子数量是常规农场的两倍”，帮助传达不同农业方式的效果;
通过学习这些结构，您可以在看YouTube学英语时提升语法运用能力，推荐结合shadow speech练习，让表达更加地道。
常见发音陷阱
视频中的一些词汇和短语可能会给您的发音带来挑战，例如：
- “可持续”（sustainable），这个词需要特别注意拼音重音;
- “化肥”（fertilizers），这个词的元音发音可能会让初学者困扰;
- “生物多样性”（biodiversity），这是一个相对复杂的词汇，发音时要注意连读现象;
通过多次听取该视频并进行模仿，您将可以更加自然地掌握这些发音。此外，影子练习（shadowing）也是一种有效的提高发音和流利度的方式，适合所有想提升英语的学习者。尝试在观看的时候反复模仿，以改善口音，使您的雅思口语练习更加高效。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。