跟读练习: Stop Playing Small. Go All In. - 通过视频学习英语口语
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140 句
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1
Fortune favors the brave.
2
Playing small is not modesty.
3
It's insurance.
4
It's a way of living where you never give everything.
5
So you never have to find out what everything would get you.
6
And it works.
7
It protects you from failure.
8
But it also protects you from every result that would have changed your life.
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Going all in is the opposite decision.
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It means giving full effort, cutting off the easy exits, and aiming at something big enough to demand all of you.
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Here's why most men hold back, what it costs them, and how to stop.
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Start with why.
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In 1978, the psychologists Stephen Berglis and Edward Jones gave students a set of puzzles.
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Some got puzzles that could be solved.
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Others got puzzles that were impossible.
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Then everyone was told they had done very well.
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Think about how the second group felt.
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They'd been praised for something they knew they hadn't really earned.
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They had no idea how they'd succeeded and no confidence they could do it again.
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Before a second test, every student was offered a choice between two drugs.
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One, they were told, would improve their performance.
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The other would make it worse.
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Among the men who had been praised for the impossible puzzles, 70 % chose the drug that would make them perform worse.
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Among the men who had solved real puzzles, only 13 % did.
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Why would anyone choose to be worse?
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Because if you fail under the influence of a drug, the failure isn't about you.
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It's about the drug.
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Psychologists call this self -handicapping.
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When a man isn't sure he can succeed, he'll often build his own excuse in advance, so that if he fails,
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his ability is never put on trial.
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Most men don't do it with drugs.
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They do it with half effort.
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They start the business but don't really commit.
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They train but not seriously.
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They apply for the job at the last minute.
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They hold something back so that if it goes wrong, they can tell themselves, I wasn't really trying.
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That's what playing small actually is.
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It's not a lack of talent.
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It's a way of protecting your self -image from the truth.
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And the price is enormous because the man who never gives full effort never learns what full effort would have done.
41
He trades his potential for an excuse.
42
The second way men play small is the backup plan.
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It sounds responsible.
44
Always have a plan B.
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But in 2016, the researchers Jihei Shin and Catherine Milkman tested what a backup plan does to the person making it.
46
Participants worked on a task, and if they performed well, they earned a reward.
47
Some were first asked to think about how they could get that reward another way if they failed.
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The ones who made a backup plan performed worse.
49
A follow -up study pointed to why.
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Simply making the backup plan reduced how much they wanted to succeed at the main goal.
51
The exit made the mission feel less urgent.
52
That's the hidden cost.
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When part of your mind is planning the retreat, it's not fighting the battle.
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The researchers were careful about what this means.
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They didn't say never have a backup plan.
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They found the effect applies to goals that depend on effort.
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And they suggested waiting until you've done everything you can for the main goal before turning to the alternative.
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Your backup plan is not the problem.
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Thinking about it while you're supposed to be giving everything is.
60
There's a famous story about this.
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In 1519, Hernán Cortés landed on the coast of Mexico.
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Some of his men wanted to sail back to Cuba.
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So he had his ships stripped and wrecked so they could never sail again.
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People usually say he burned them.
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He didn't.
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But the effect was the same.
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Retreat was no longer an option.
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And the only direction left was forward.
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You don't need to sink ships.
70
But you need to know which exits are draining your commitment.
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The phone number you keep for when it gets hard.
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The excuse you've already prepared.
73
The voice that says, if this doesn't work, I'll just go back.
74
Sometimes the most powerful thing you can do is close the door behind you.
75
The third way men play small is by aiming low.
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The psychologists Edwin Locke and Gary Latham spent decades studying goals.
77
One major review by Locke and his colleagues found that in about 90 % of studies, specific, challenging goals led to better performance than easy goals
78
or no goals at all and they consistently beat the vague instruction to just do your best.
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The reason is simple.
80
A small goal asks for a small part of you.
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You can reach it while holding back.
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But a goal that's genuinely hard forces you to use.. everything you have.
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It demands more focus, more persistence, and better strategy.
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It pulls out a level of effort you would never have volunteered.
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So the size of your goal isn't just about the result.
86
It determines who you become trying to reach it.
87
A man aiming at something small will become exactly as strong as that thing requires.
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Nothing more.
89
Now, be careful.
90
Going all in does not mean being reckless. In 2014,
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the researchers Joseph Rafi and Ji Feng followed thousands of Americans over more than a decade
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and looked at the ones who started businesses.
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Those who built their business while keeping their day job
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and only went full -time later were about a third less likely to exit the business than those who quit
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and jumped straight in.
96
That surprises people, but it teaches something important.
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All in is not about how dramatic the leap looks.
98
It's not about quitting in a rage and posting about it.
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It's about total commitment to the outcome and total effort every day you work on it.
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The man building at night after his shift, giving every spare hour, is more all in than the man who quit his job loudly
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and then spends half his day distracted.
102
Burn your excuses, not your safety net.
103
Close the mental exits, not every financial one.
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The goal is to remove the doubt from your effort, not to put your family at risk to prove a point.
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So how do you go all in?
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First, name the thing you've been half doing.
107
Every man has one.
108
The project, the skill, the body, the business you keep circling without committing.
109
Be honest about it.
110
Second, find your handicap.
111
Ask yourself, what excuse am I building in advance?
112
Not enough time?
113
Not the right moment?
114
Not really trying yet?
115
Write it down.
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An excuse you can see loses most of its power.
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Third, set a goal that scares you a little.
118
Specific, measurable, hard enough that you can't reach it while holding back.
119
Not do my best.
120
A number, a date.
121
Fourth, deal with the exits.
122
Make your backup plan once if you need one.
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Then put it away and stop rehearsing it.
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Every time your mind drifts to plan B, bring it back to plan A.
125
And fifth, make it public or make it costly.
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Tell someone who will hold you to it.
127
Pay for the coach.
128
Book the competition.
129
Put something on the line so that walking away has a price.
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Here's the truth most men never face.
131
If you give half effort and fail, you'll always wonder.
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But if you give everything and fail, you'll know exactly where you stand.
133
And you'll have grown more in that attempt than in years of playing it safe.
134
And if you give everything and succeed, you'll finally see what you were capable of all along.
135
Fortune favors the brave.
136
Not because the brave are lucky, because they're the only ones who show up with everything, often enough, for fortune to find them.
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So stop protecting yourself from your own potential.
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Stop playing small.
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Go all in.
140
Thank you.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“Stop Playing Small. Go All In”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：goal, effort, backup, exit, excuse。 这段视频共有 140 个句子、1322 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 8:08。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 163 个词，接近日常对话。 87% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇容易理解。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| backup 名词 | /ˈbækˌʌp/ | 備份 /备份 |
| exit 名词 | /ˈɛɡzət/ | 離開 /离开, 退場 /退场 |
| puzzle 名词 | /ˈpʌzəl/ | 謎 /谜, 難題 /难题 |
| brave 形容词 | /bɹeɪv/ | 勇敢 |
| fortune 名词 | /ˈfɔːtjuːn/ | 命運 /命运, 氣數 /气数 |
| researcher 名词 | /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ | 研究員 /研究员, 研究者 |
| psychologist 名词 | /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ | 心理學家 /心理学家 |
| earn 动词 | /ɝn/ | 掙 /挣, 賺 /赚 |
| commitment 名词 | /kəˈmɪtmənt/ | 承諾 /承诺 |
| solve 动词 | /sɒlv/ | 解決 /解决 |
| reward 名词 | /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ | 報酬 /报酬, 獎勵 /奖励 |
| praise 动词 | /pɹeɪz/ | 讚揚 /赞扬, 稱讚 /称赞 |
| retreat 名词 | /ɹɪˈtɹiːt/ | 後退 /后退, 退卻 /退却 |
| sail 名词 | /seɪl/ | 帆, 風帆 /风帆 |
| handicap 名词 | /ˈhændikæp/ | 障礙 /障碍 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| cut off 动词 | /ˌkʌt ˈɔf/ [ˌkɐɾ ˈɔf] | 切下, 割下 |
| find out 动词 | 找出, 查明 | |
| follow up 动词 | 跟進 /跟进 | |
| go back 动词 | 回去, 返回 |
值得反复跟读的句子
视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：
- You don't need to sink ships.
- The excuse you've already prepared.
- First, name the thing you've been half doing.
- Ask yourself, what excuse am I building in advance?
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 条件句 if + 从句，will/would + 动词 — 条件及其结果 | if this doesn't work, I'll just · if you give everything and fail, you'll know · if you give everything and succeed, you'll finally |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | men who had · man who never · ones who made |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | could be solved · was told · been praised |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | you've done · you've already prepared · you've been |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 25 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 you'll, don't, isn't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/, measurable /ˈmɛʒəɹəbəl/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, consistently /kənˈsɪstəntli/, genuinely /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.ɪn.li/, participant /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/, measurable /ˈmɛʒəɹəbəl/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: brave /bɹeɪv/, solve /sɒlv/, volunteer /ˌvɑlənˈtɪɹ/, vague /veɪɡ/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: backup /ˈbækˌʌp/, exit /ˈɛɡzət/, succeed /səkˈsiːd/, brave /bɹeɪv/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: volunteer /ˌvɑlənˈtɪɹ/, reckless /ˈɹɛkləs/, measurable /ˈmɛʒəɹəbəl/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 backup, exit, puzzle 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。