Pratica di Shadowing: Stop Playing Small. Go All In. - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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1
Fortune favors the brave.
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Playing small is not modesty.
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It's insurance.
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It's a way of living where you never give everything.
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So you never have to find out what everything would get you.
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And it works.
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It protects you from failure.
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But it also protects you from every result that would have changed your life.
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Going all in is the opposite decision.
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It means giving full effort, cutting off the easy exits, and aiming at something big enough to demand all of you.
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Here's why most men hold back, what it costs them, and how to stop.
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Start with why.
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In 1978, the psychologists Stephen Berglis and Edward Jones gave students a set of puzzles.
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Some got puzzles that could be solved.
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Others got puzzles that were impossible.
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Then everyone was told they had done very well.
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Think about how the second group felt.
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They'd been praised for something they knew they hadn't really earned.
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They had no idea how they'd succeeded and no confidence they could do it again.
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Before a second test, every student was offered a choice between two drugs.
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One, they were told, would improve their performance.
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The other would make it worse.
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Among the men who had been praised for the impossible puzzles, 70 % chose the drug that would make them perform worse.
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Among the men who had solved real puzzles, only 13 % did.
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Why would anyone choose to be worse?
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Because if you fail under the influence of a drug, the failure isn't about you.
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It's about the drug.
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Psychologists call this self -handicapping.
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When a man isn't sure he can succeed, he'll often build his own excuse in advance, so that if he fails,
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his ability is never put on trial.
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Most men don't do it with drugs.
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They do it with half effort.
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They start the business but don't really commit.
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They train but not seriously.
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They apply for the job at the last minute.
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They hold something back so that if it goes wrong, they can tell themselves, I wasn't really trying.
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That's what playing small actually is.
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It's not a lack of talent.
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It's a way of protecting your self -image from the truth.
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And the price is enormous because the man who never gives full effort never learns what full effort would have done.
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He trades his potential for an excuse.
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The second way men play small is the backup plan.
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It sounds responsible.
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Always have a plan B.
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But in 2016, the researchers Jihei Shin and Catherine Milkman tested what a backup plan does to the person making it.
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Participants worked on a task, and if they performed well, they earned a reward.
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Some were first asked to think about how they could get that reward another way if they failed.
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The ones who made a backup plan performed worse.
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A follow -up study pointed to why.
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Simply making the backup plan reduced how much they wanted to succeed at the main goal.
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The exit made the mission feel less urgent.
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That's the hidden cost.
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When part of your mind is planning the retreat, it's not fighting the battle.
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The researchers were careful about what this means.
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They didn't say never have a backup plan.
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They found the effect applies to goals that depend on effort.
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And they suggested waiting until you've done everything you can for the main goal before turning to the alternative.
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Your backup plan is not the problem.
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Thinking about it while you're supposed to be giving everything is.
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There's a famous story about this.
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In 1519, Hernán Cortés landed on the coast of Mexico.
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Some of his men wanted to sail back to Cuba.
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So he had his ships stripped and wrecked so they could never sail again.
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People usually say he burned them.
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He didn't.
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But the effect was the same.
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Retreat was no longer an option.
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And the only direction left was forward.
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You don't need to sink ships.
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But you need to know which exits are draining your commitment.
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The phone number you keep for when it gets hard.
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The excuse you've already prepared.
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The voice that says, if this doesn't work, I'll just go back.
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Sometimes the most powerful thing you can do is close the door behind you.
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The third way men play small is by aiming low.
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The psychologists Edwin Locke and Gary Latham spent decades studying goals.
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One major review by Locke and his colleagues found that in about 90 % of studies, specific, challenging goals led to better performance than easy goals
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or no goals at all and they consistently beat the vague instruction to just do your best.
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The reason is simple.
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A small goal asks for a small part of you.
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You can reach it while holding back.
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But a goal that's genuinely hard forces you to use.. everything you have.
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It demands more focus, more persistence, and better strategy.
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It pulls out a level of effort you would never have volunteered.
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So the size of your goal isn't just about the result.
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It determines who you become trying to reach it.
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A man aiming at something small will become exactly as strong as that thing requires.
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Nothing more.
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Now, be careful.
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Going all in does not mean being reckless. In 2014,
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the researchers Joseph Rafi and Ji Feng followed thousands of Americans over more than a decade
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and looked at the ones who started businesses.
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Those who built their business while keeping their day job
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and only went full -time later were about a third less likely to exit the business than those who quit
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and jumped straight in.
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That surprises people, but it teaches something important.
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All in is not about how dramatic the leap looks.
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It's not about quitting in a rage and posting about it.
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It's about total commitment to the outcome and total effort every day you work on it.
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The man building at night after his shift, giving every spare hour, is more all in than the man who quit his job loudly
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and then spends half his day distracted.
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Burn your excuses, not your safety net.
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Close the mental exits, not every financial one.
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The goal is to remove the doubt from your effort, not to put your family at risk to prove a point.
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So how do you go all in?
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First, name the thing you've been half doing.
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Every man has one.
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The project, the skill, the body, the business you keep circling without committing.
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Be honest about it.
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Second, find your handicap.
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Ask yourself, what excuse am I building in advance?
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Not enough time?
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Not the right moment?
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Not really trying yet?
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Write it down.
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An excuse you can see loses most of its power.
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Third, set a goal that scares you a little.
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Specific, measurable, hard enough that you can't reach it while holding back.
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Not do my best.
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A number, a date.
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Fourth, deal with the exits.
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Make your backup plan once if you need one.
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Then put it away and stop rehearsing it.
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Every time your mind drifts to plan B, bring it back to plan A.
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And fifth, make it public or make it costly.
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Tell someone who will hold you to it.
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Pay for the coach.
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Book the competition.
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Put something on the line so that walking away has a price.
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Here's the truth most men never face.
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If you give half effort and fail, you'll always wonder.
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But if you give everything and fail, you'll know exactly where you stand.
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And you'll have grown more in that attempt than in years of playing it safe.
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And if you give everything and succeed, you'll finally see what you were capable of all along.
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Fortune favors the brave.
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Not because the brave are lucky, because they're the only ones who show up with everything, often enough, for fortune to find them.
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So stop protecting yourself from your own potential.
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Stop playing small.
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Go all in.
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Thank you.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione si basa sul video “Stop Playing Small. Go All In”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: goal, effort, backup, exit, excuse. Questo video contiene 140 frasi e 1322 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 8:08. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 163 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Il 87% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è facile da seguire.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| backup sostantivo | /ˈbækˌʌp/ | riserva, sostituto |
| exit sostantivo | /ˈɛɡzət/ | uscita |
| puzzle sostantivo | /ˈpʌzəl/ | mistero, rompicapo |
| brave aggettivo | /bɹeɪv/ | coraggioso, ardito |
| fortune sostantivo | /ˈfɔːtjuːn/ | sorte, destino |
| researcher sostantivo | /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ | ricercatore, ricercatrice |
| psychologist sostantivo | /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ | psicologo, psicologa |
| earn verbo | /ɝn/ | guadagnare |
| commitment sostantivo | /kəˈmɪtmənt/ | impegno, promessa |
| solve verbo | /sɒlv/ | risolvere |
| commit verbo | /kəˈmɪt/ | affidare, impegnarsi |
| reward sostantivo | /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ | ricompensa |
| praise verbo | /pɹeɪz/ | lodare, elogiare |
| retreat sostantivo | /ɹɪˈtɹiːt/ | ritirata, arretramento |
| sail sostantivo | /seɪl/ | vela |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| hold back verbo | fare complimenti |
| find out verbo | scoprire |
| go back verbo | tornare |
Frasi da ripetere
Frasi brevi e complete del video che puoi riutilizzare nella conversazione di tutti i giorni:
- You don't need to sink ships.
- The excuse you've already prepared.
- First, name the thing you've been half doing.
- Ask yourself, what excuse am I building in advance?
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Frasi condizionali if + frase, will/would + verbo — una condizione e il suo risultato | if this doesn't work, I'll just · if you give everything and fail, you'll know · if you give everything and succeed, you'll finally |
| Frasi relative who / which + frase — un’informazione in più su una persona o una cosa | men who had · man who never · ones who made |
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | could be solved · was told · been praised |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | you've done · you've already prepared · you've been |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 25 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come you'll, don't, isn't. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/, measurable /ˈmɛʒəɹəbəl/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, consistently /kənˈsɪstəntli/, genuinely /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.ɪn.li/, participant /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/, measurable /ˈmɛʒəɹəbəl/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- /h/ — va soffiata, non è muta: handicap /ˈhændikæp/, rehearse /ɹɪˈhɝs/
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: backup /ˈbækˌʌp/, exit /ˈɛɡzət/, succeed /səkˈsiːd/, brave /bɹeɪv/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: backup /ˈbækˌʌp/, handicap /ˈhændikæp/, dramatic /dɹəˈmætɪk/, distract /dɪˈstɹækt/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come backup, exit, puzzle.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.