跟读练习: Video Project 3 - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Asia Catastrophe in Nepal After the flood
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More disasters, fewer resources A week after it struck,
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it was still hard to gauge the extent of the catastrophe that hit the Himalayas on August 26th.
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But it is at least possible to be fairly precise about how it started.
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At 8 .37am,
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a collapsing glacier and ice rock avalanche crashed down and dammed the Lende River at the border between Nepal and Tibet.
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Three minutes later, the dam breached, releasing a fury of water,
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rock, mud and ice down the Botei Koshi and Trishuli rivers of Nepal's Rasuwa region.
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Shibu Giri saw a wave raise an entire bridge.
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Just before it tossed up his lorry, he darted for the forest.
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After sleeping in a cave, he was lifted to safety by an army helicopter the next day.
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Many were less lucky.
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The flash floods swallowed some villages entirely.
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A week later, more than 1 ,000 people were known to have died, and more than 4 ,000 were missing.
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They included several hundred foreigners, among them busloads of Hindu pilgrims, en route to Kailash, a holy mountain in Tibet.
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Some 80 bridges and 40 kilometers of road were wiped out.
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The loss of 14 hydropower plants, some still under construction, knocked out 10 % of Nepal's power generation.
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Nepal sits where the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates collide, and the hot monsoon breeze meets the Himalayas' icy winds and shaky slopes.
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That makes it one of the most disaster -prone places on earth.
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Its region is heating faster than the rest of earth, its glaciers melting twice as quickly as they did in 2000.
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So, in the years ahead, more glaciers will collapse, and more lakes are likely to burst their banks.
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Nepal is among the world's poorest countries, and looks horribly ill -equipped to deal with the calamities this will bring.
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Its Prime Minister, Belendra Shah, is a 36 -year -old former rapper, in post, for a mere six months, after Nepali youths burned down
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Parliament a year ago, and kicked out their previous rulers.
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His government will have to find as much as $5 billion to meet the costs of recovery,
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at a time when the wealthier nations it would once have looked to for help are cutting their foreign aid budgets.
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The United Nations Climate Fund lacks the money to honor even existing requests from poorer nations.
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America has pledged $3 .6 million in assistance, less than 3 % of its contribution after a devastating earthquake hit Nepal in 2015.
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Besides limiting immediate humanitarian relief efforts,
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the shortage of funds scuppers plans to build back better by investing in climate -resilient roads, bridges, and villages.
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Himalayan nations, meanwhile, are too stingy and suspicious of one another to manage their shared home in harmony.
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The Hindu Kush Himalaya has more than 63 ,700 glaciers, but only 38 monitoring stations,
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only seven of which meet global standards.
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Pema Giamshou, who heads the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, a research and policy initiative in Kathmandu,
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the capital, says Nepal will have to rely on neighbours with greater resources to equip the region with better sensors
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and monitors and real -time data sharing.
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But China tends to treat hydrologic flow rates as a national security secret, risking leaving its neighbours downstream blindsided.
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Perhaps no early warning system would have won Nepal the time to prepare for floods as sudden and ferocious as these.
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But to survive the devastation wrought in the years to come by its region's mountains and waters,
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it will need more funds and more cross -border transparency.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“Video Project 3”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：Nepal, glacier, nations, Himalaya, flood。 这段视频共有 40 个句子、577 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 4:05。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 141 个词，很适合跟读。 只有 72% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| glacier 名词 | /ˈɡleɪ.ʃɚ/ | 冰川, 冰河 |
| flood 名词 | /flʌd/ | 洪水, 洪災 /洪灾 |
| disaster 名词 | /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ | 災難 /灾难, 災害 /灾害 |
| resource 名词 | /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ | 資源 /资源 |
| monitor 名词 | /ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/ | 顯示器 /显示器 |
| collapse 动词 | /kəˈlæps/ | 倒坍, 崩潰 /崩溃 |
| neighbour 名词 | /ˈneɪbɚ/ | 鄰居 /邻居, 比鄰 /比邻 |
| catastrophe 名词 | /kəˈtæstɹəfi/ | 災難 /灾难, 災殃 /灾殃 |
| meanwhile 副词 | /ˈmiːnwaɪl/ | 同時 /同时 |
| extent 名词 | /ɪkˈstɛnt/ | 範圍 /范围 |
| flash 动词 | /flæʃ/ | 閃光 /闪光 |
| sudden 形容词 | /ˈsʌd.ən/ | 突然, 急劇 /急剧 |
| initiative 名词 | /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/ | 主動權 /主动权 |
| knock 动词 | /nɑk/ | 敲 |
| contribution 名词 | /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/ | 貢獻 /贡献 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| burn down 动词 | 燒毀 /烧毁, 焚毀 /焚毁 |
| kick out 动词 | 趕走 /赶走 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | was lifted · were known · were wiped |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have looked · has pledged |
需要注意的发音
- “th” 音: wealthy /ˈwɛl.θi/, earthquake /ˈɝθkweɪk/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: glacier /ˈɡleɪ.ʃɚ/, flash /flæʃ/, initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, suspicious /səˈspɪʃ.əs/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: catastrophe /kəˈtæstɹəfi/, initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, helicopter /ˈheliːˌkɔptə(ɹ)/, humanitarian /hjuˌmæ.nəˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, invest /ɪnˈvɛst/, cave /keɪv/, avalanche /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/, devastate /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: flood /flʌd/, resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/, collapse /kəˈlæps/, equip /ɪˈkwɪp/, extent /ɪkˈstɛnt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: rely /ɹɪˈlaɪ/, helicopter /ˈheliːˌkɔptə(ɹ)/, ruler /ˈɹulɚ/, horribly /ˈhɔɹəbli/, lorry /ˈlɔɹi/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 glacier, flood, disaster 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。