Pratique du Shadowing: Video Project 3 - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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40 phrases
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Asia Catastrophe in Nepal After the flood
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More disasters, fewer resources A week after it struck,
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it was still hard to gauge the extent of the catastrophe that hit the Himalayas on August 26th.
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But it is at least possible to be fairly precise about how it started.
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At 8 .37am,
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a collapsing glacier and ice rock avalanche crashed down and dammed the Lende River at the border between Nepal and Tibet.
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Three minutes later, the dam breached, releasing a fury of water,
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rock, mud and ice down the Botei Koshi and Trishuli rivers of Nepal's Rasuwa region.
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Shibu Giri saw a wave raise an entire bridge.
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Just before it tossed up his lorry, he darted for the forest.
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After sleeping in a cave, he was lifted to safety by an army helicopter the next day.
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Many were less lucky.
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The flash floods swallowed some villages entirely.
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A week later, more than 1 ,000 people were known to have died, and more than 4 ,000 were missing.
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They included several hundred foreigners, among them busloads of Hindu pilgrims, en route to Kailash, a holy mountain in Tibet.
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Some 80 bridges and 40 kilometers of road were wiped out.
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The loss of 14 hydropower plants, some still under construction, knocked out 10 % of Nepal's power generation.
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Nepal sits where the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates collide, and the hot monsoon breeze meets the Himalayas' icy winds and shaky slopes.
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That makes it one of the most disaster -prone places on earth.
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Its region is heating faster than the rest of earth, its glaciers melting twice as quickly as they did in 2000.
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So, in the years ahead, more glaciers will collapse, and more lakes are likely to burst their banks.
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Nepal is among the world's poorest countries, and looks horribly ill -equipped to deal with the calamities this will bring.
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Its Prime Minister, Belendra Shah, is a 36 -year -old former rapper, in post, for a mere six months, after Nepali youths burned down
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Parliament a year ago, and kicked out their previous rulers.
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His government will have to find as much as $5 billion to meet the costs of recovery,
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at a time when the wealthier nations it would once have looked to for help are cutting their foreign aid budgets.
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The United Nations Climate Fund lacks the money to honor even existing requests from poorer nations.
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America has pledged $3 .6 million in assistance, less than 3 % of its contribution after a devastating earthquake hit Nepal in 2015.
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Besides limiting immediate humanitarian relief efforts,
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the shortage of funds scuppers plans to build back better by investing in climate -resilient roads, bridges, and villages.
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Himalayan nations, meanwhile, are too stingy and suspicious of one another to manage their shared home in harmony.
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The Hindu Kush Himalaya has more than 63 ,700 glaciers, but only 38 monitoring stations,
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only seven of which meet global standards.
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Pema Giamshou, who heads the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, a research and policy initiative in Kathmandu,
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the capital, says Nepal will have to rely on neighbours with greater resources to equip the region with better sensors
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and monitors and real -time data sharing.
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But China tends to treat hydrologic flow rates as a national security secret, risking leaving its neighbours downstream blindsided.
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Perhaps no early warning system would have won Nepal the time to prepare for floods as sudden and ferocious as these.
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But to survive the devastation wrought in the years to come by its region's mountains and waters,
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it will need more funds and more cross -border transparency.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « Video Project 3 ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : Nepal, glacier, nations, Himalaya, flood. Cette vidéo contient 40 phrases et 577 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 4:05. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 141 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 72 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| glacier nom | /ˈɡleɪ.ʃɚ/ | glacier |
| flood nom | /flʌd/ | inondation |
| disaster nom | /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ | désastre, catastrophe |
| resource nom | /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ | ressource |
| monitor nom | /ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/ | moniteur, monitrice |
| collapse verbe | /kəˈlæps/ | s'effondrer |
| neighbour nom | /ˈneɪbɚ/ | voisin, voisine |
| catastrophe nom | /kəˈtæstɹəfi/ | catastrophe |
| meanwhile adverbe | /ˈmiːnwaɪl/ | pendant ce temps-là, entretemps |
| extent nom | /ɪkˈstɛnt/ | mesure |
| flash verbe | /flæʃ/ | clignoter |
| sudden adjectif | /ˈsʌd.ən/ | soudain, subit |
| initiative nom | /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/ | initiative |
| knock verbe | /nɑk/ | frapper |
| contribution nom | /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/ | contribution |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| burn down verbe | carboniser |
| kick out verbe | foutre dehors, mettre à la porte |
| wipe out verbe | anéantir |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | was lifted · were known · were wiped |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | have looked · has pledged |
Prononciation à surveiller
- Les sons « th »: wealthy /ˈwɛl.θi/, earthquake /ˈɝθkweɪk/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: glacier /ˈɡleɪ.ʃɚ/, flash /flæʃ/, initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, suspicious /səˈspɪʃ.əs/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: catastrophe /kəˈtæstɹəfi/, initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, helicopter /ˈheliːˌkɔptə(ɹ)/, humanitarian /hjuˌmæ.nəˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: helicopter /ˈheliːˌkɔptə(ɹ)/, harmony /ˈhɑ̟ɹ.mə.ni/, humanitarian /hjuˌmæ.nəˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/, horribly /ˈhɔɹəbli/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: breach /ˈbɹiːt͡ʃ/, gauge /ˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/, pledge /plɛd͡ʒ/, shortage /ˈʃɔː(ɹ)tɪd͡ʒ/, stingy /ˈstɪnd͡ʒi/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/, catastrophe /kəˈtæstɹəfi/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, rely /ɹɪˈlaɪ/, breach /ˈbɹiːt͡ʃ/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme glacier, flood, disaster.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.