تدريب Shadowing: TED Ed Vietsub Tình yêu là gì Brad Troeger - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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73 جمل
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1
What is love?
2
Seriously though, what is it?
3
What is love?
4
A verb?
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A noun?
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A universal truth?
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An ideal?
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The common thread of all religions?
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A cult?
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A neurological phenomenon?
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There's no shortage of answers.
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Some are all-encompassing.
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It conquers all.
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It's all you need.
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It's all there is.
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These are all comparisons though.
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Ways of defining it by contrast, by saying it's more important than all other things.
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But is it?
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Sure, love matters more than your standard turkey sandwich, but does it matter more than shelter, or sanity, or an exceptional turkey sandwich?
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No matter your answer, you're just ranking it, not defining it.
21
Another challenge to defining love is we often try to do so while falling into it or out of it.
22
Would you trust someone who just won the lottery to accurately define the concept of currency?
23
Or, I don't know, ask a guy to define bears while he's fending them off?
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Or is romance not like winning the lottery?
25
Are breakups not like bear attacks?
26
Bad comparisons?
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That's my point.
28
I'm not thinking right because I'm in love. So, ha!
29
Taking a step back, or taking a cold shower, whatever.
30
Love is potentially the most intensely thought about thing in all of human history.
31
And despite centuries upon centuries of obsession, it still overwhelms us.
32
Some say it's a feeling, a magical emotion, a feeling for someone like you've never felt before.
33
But feelings are fluid, not very concrete foundation for a definition.
34
Sometimes you hate the person you love.
35
Plus, come on, you've felt feelings like it before, sort of in miniature.
36
Your relationships with your family shape your relationships with partners, and your love for your partner may be in its own dynamic relationship,
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healthy or totally weird, with the love of your parents and siblings.
38
Love is also a set of behaviors we associate with the feeling.
39
Holding hands, kissing, hugging, public displays of affection, dating, marriage, having kids, or just sex.
40
But these loving actions can be subjective or culturally relative.
41
You may love or be someone who can't have kids or doesn't want to, who believes in marriage but also in divorce,
42
who's from a culture where people don't really date the way we think of dating, or who just doesn't want to make out on the bus.
43
But if love is a thing that we can define, then how can it mean opposite things for so many people?
44
So maybe love's all just in your head, a personal mystery winding through your neural pathways and lighting up pleasing natural rewards in your nervous system.
45
Perhaps these rewards are addictive.
46
Perhaps love is a temporary or permanent addiction to a person, just like a person can be addicted to a drug.
47
I don't mean to be edgy like some pop song.
48
Evidence shows that chemicals in your brain and stimulated by another person can make you develop a habit for that person.
49
The person comes to satisfy a physiological craving, and you want more.
50
But then sometimes, slowly or suddenly, you don't.
51
You've fallen out of love, become unaddicted, for a spell.
52
What happened?
53
Does one develop a tolerance or hit a limit?
54
Why do some lovers stay addicted to each other their entire lives?
55
Perhaps to create new lives?
56
To proliferate their species?
57
Baby love is just human DNA's optimal method for bringing about its own replication.
58
There are evolutionary arguments regarding every human mating behavior, from how we display ourselves to potential mates, to how we treat each other in relationships, to how we raise kids.
59
Thus, some argue
60
that the feeling you think you feel in your soul is just biology's way to make you continue our species.
61
Nature has selected you to have crushes on hotties, just like it makes monkeys have crushes on hot monkeys, and biology marches on.
62
But is that all love is?
63
Or perhaps worse, is it just a construct, some fake concept we all convince each other to try to live up to for a fake sense of purpose?
64
Maybe it is a construct, but let's be more precise about what a construct is, because love is constructed from reality.
65
Our experiences, feelings, brain chemistry, cultural expectations, our lives.
66
And this edifice can be viewed through countless dimensions, scientific, emotional, historical, spiritual, legal, or just personal.
67
If no two people are the same, no two people's love is the same either.
68
So in every loving relationship, there's a lot to talk about, and partners should be open to that, or the relationship probably won't last.
69
Love is always up for discussion, and sure, under construction.
70
So if we can't define it, that's a good sign.
71
It means we're all still making it.
72
Wait, I didn't mean...
73
You know what I meant.

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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 73 جملة و803 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 4:43. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة طبيعية، نحو 170 كلمة في الدقيقة، قريبة من المحادثة اليومية. 80% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

15 كلمة أقل شيوعًا من الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:

  • reward /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ (اسم) — مُكَافَأَة, ثَوَاب. Something of value given in return for an act.
  • crush /kɹʌʃ/ (فعل) — هَرَسَ. To press between two hard objects; to squeeze so as to alter the natural shape or integrity, or to force together into a mass.
  • monkey /ˈmʌŋki/ (اسم) — سَعْدَان, قِرْد. A member of the clade Simiiformes other than those in the clade Hominoidea containing apes, generally (but not universally) distinguished by small size, tails…
  • lottery /ˈlɑtɚi/ (اسم) — يَانَصِيب. A scheme for the distribution of prizes by lot or chance, especially a gaming scheme in which one or more tickets bearing particular numbers draw prizes, the…
  • addict /ˈæd.ɪkt/ (اسم) — مُدْمِن, مُدْمِنَة. A person who is addicted, especially to a harmful drug.
  • relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ (اسم) — قَرِيب, قَرِيبَة. Someone connected by blood, marriage, or adoption; someone in the same family.
  • temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ (صفة) — مُؤَقَّت. Not permanent; existing only for a period or periods of time.
  • argue /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ (فعل) — جَادَلَ, حَاجَّ. To show grounds for concluding (that); to indicate, imply.
  • mystery /ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ (اسم) — سِرّ. Something secret or unexplainable; an unknown.
  • select /sɪˈlɛkt/ (فعل) — اِخْتَارَ. To choose one or more elements of a set, especially a set of options.
  • concrete /ˌkɑnˈkɹit/ (صفة) — مَادِّيّ. Real, actual, tangible.
  • ideal /aɪˈdi(ə)l/ (صفة) — مِثَالِيّ. Pertaining to ideas, or to a given idea.
  • thread /ˈθɹɛd/ (اسم) — خَيْط, خيط. A cord formed by spinning or twisting together textile fibers or filaments into one or more continuous strands, typically used in needlework.
  • spiritual /ˈspɪɹɪt͡ʃuəl/ (صفة) — رُوحَانِيّ, رُوحِيّ. Of or pertaining to the spirit or the soul.
  • currency /ˈkʌɹ.ən.si/ (اسم) — عُمْلَة. Money or other items used to facilitate transactions.

الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها

  • talk about (فعل) — تَكَلَّمَ فِي, تَكَلَّمَ عَلَى. Used to draw attention to the speaker's characterization of someone or something.

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

يستخدم المتحدث 17 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل don't, you've, can't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.

  • أصوات “th”: thread /ˈθɹɛd/, pathway /ˈpæθˌweɪ/
  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: crush /kɹʌʃ/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, shelter /ˈʃɛltə/
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, biology /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل reward, crush, monkey.

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيبفي الفيديو
المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآنyou've never felt · you've felt · You've fallen
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعلهcan be addicted · is constructed · can be viewed
جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيءsomeone who just · someone who can

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →