Практика Shadowing: TED Ed Vietsub Tình yêu là gì Brad Troeger - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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What is love?

Seriously though, what is it?

What is love?

A verb?

A noun?

A universal truth?

An ideal?

The common thread of all religions?

A cult?

A neurological phenomenon?

There's no shortage of answers.

Some are all-encompassing.

It conquers all.

It's all you need.

It's all there is.

These are all comparisons though.

Ways of defining it by contrast, by saying it's more important than all other things.

But is it?

Sure, love matters more than your standard turkey sandwich, but does it matter more than shelter, or sanity, or an exceptional turkey sandwich?

No matter your answer, you're just ranking it, not defining it.

Another challenge to defining love is we often try to do so while falling into it or out of it.

Would you trust someone who just won the lottery to accurately define the concept of currency?

Or, I don't know, ask a guy to define bears while he's fending them off?

Or is romance not like winning the lottery?

Are breakups not like bear attacks?

Bad comparisons?

That's my point.

I'm not thinking right because I'm in love. So, ha!

Taking a step back, or taking a cold shower, whatever.

Love is potentially the most intensely thought about thing in all of human history.

And despite centuries upon centuries of obsession, it still overwhelms us.

Some say it's a feeling, a magical emotion, a feeling for someone like you've never felt before.

But feelings are fluid, not very concrete foundation for a definition.

Sometimes you hate the person you love.

Plus, come on, you've felt feelings like it before, sort of in miniature.

Your relationships with your family shape your relationships with partners, and your love for your partner may be in its own dynamic relationship,

healthy or totally weird, with the love of your parents and siblings.

Love is also a set of behaviors we associate with the feeling.

Holding hands, kissing, hugging, public displays of affection, dating, marriage, having kids, or just sex.

But these loving actions can be subjective or culturally relative.

You may love or be someone who can't have kids or doesn't want to, who believes in marriage but also in divorce,

who's from a culture where people don't really date the way we think of dating, or who just doesn't want to make out on the bus.

But if love is a thing that we can define, then how can it mean opposite things for so many people?

So maybe love's all just in your head, a personal mystery winding through your neural pathways and lighting up pleasing natural rewards in your nervous system.

Perhaps these rewards are addictive.

Perhaps love is a temporary or permanent addiction to a person, just like a person can be addicted to a drug.

I don't mean to be edgy like some pop song.

Evidence shows that chemicals in your brain and stimulated by another person can make you develop a habit for that person.

The person comes to satisfy a physiological craving, and you want more.

But then sometimes, slowly or suddenly, you don't.

You've fallen out of love, become unaddicted, for a spell.

What happened?

Does one develop a tolerance or hit a limit?

Why do some lovers stay addicted to each other their entire lives?

Perhaps to create new lives?

To proliferate their species?

Baby love is just human DNA's optimal method for bringing about its own replication.

There are evolutionary arguments regarding every human mating behavior, from how we display ourselves to potential mates, to how we treat each other in relationships, to how we raise kids.

Thus, some argue

that the feeling you think you feel in your soul is just biology's way to make you continue our species.

Nature has selected you to have crushes on hotties, just like it makes monkeys have crushes on hot monkeys, and biology marches on.

But is that all love is?

Or perhaps worse, is it just a construct, some fake concept we all convince each other to try to live up to for a fake sense of purpose?

Maybe it is a construct, but let's be more precise about what a construct is, because love is constructed from reality.

Our experiences, feelings, brain chemistry, cultural expectations, our lives.

And this edifice can be viewed through countless dimensions, scientific, emotional, historical, spiritual, legal, or just personal.

If no two people are the same, no two people's love is the same either.

So in every loving relationship, there's a lot to talk about, and partners should be open to that, or the relationship probably won't last.

Love is always up for discussion, and sure, under construction.

So if we can't define it, that's a good sign.

It means we're all still making it.

Wait, I didn't mean...

You know what I meant.

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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

В этом видео 73 предложений и 803 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 4:43. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 170 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. Только 80% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 менее частых слов из видео с произношением и значением:

define /dɪˈfaɪn/ (глагол) — определя́ть, определи́ть. To determine with precision; to mark out with distinctness; to ascertain or exhibit clearly.
construct /ˈkɑn.stɹʌkt/ (глагол) — стро́ить, постро́ить. To build or form (something) by assembling parts.
reward /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ (существительное) — награ́да, вознагражде́ние. Something of value given in return for an act.
crush /kɹʌʃ/ (глагол) — дави́ть. To press between two hard objects; to squeeze so as to alter the natural shape or integrity, or to force together into a mass.
monkey /ˈmʌŋki/ (существительное) — обезья́на. A member of the clade Simiiformes other than those in the clade Hominoidea containing apes, generally (but not universally) distinguished by small size, tails…
lottery /ˈlɑtɚi/ (существительное) — лотере́я. A scheme for the distribution of prizes by lot or chance, especially a gaming scheme in which one or more tickets bearing particular numbers draw prizes, the…
addict /ˈæd.ɪkt/ (существительное) — зави́симый, зави́симая. A person who is addicted, especially to a harmful drug.
universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/ (прилагательное) — вселе́нский, косми́ческий. Of or pertaining to the universe.
relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ (существительное) — ро́дственник, ро́дственница. Someone connected by blood, marriage, or adoption; someone in the same family.
temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ (прилагательное) — вре́менный. Not permanent; existing only for a period or periods of time.
argue /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ (глагол) — спо́рить, обсужда́ть. To show grounds for concluding (that); to indicate, imply.
contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/ (существительное) — контра́ст. The degree of this difference.
mystery /ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ (существительное) — та́йна, зага́дка. Something secret or unexplainable; an unknown.
select /sɪˈlɛkt/ (глагол) — отбира́ть. To choose one or more elements of a set, especially a set of options.
concrete /ˌkɑnˈkɹit/ (прилагательное) — конкре́тный, определённый. Real, actual, tangible.

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

bring about (глагол) — вызыва́ть, влечь. To cause to take place.
come on /ˌkʌm ˈɒn/ — пошли́. Come along with me; join me in going.
feel for (глагол) — сочувствовать. To experience sympathy for, to sympathise with.
light up (глагол) — свети́ть, освети́ть. To illuminate, to bring light to something, to brighten.
talk about (глагол) — ну и, вот э́то. Used to draw attention to the speaker's characterization of someone or something.
think about /ˈθɪŋk əˌbaʊt/ (глагол) — обду́мывать, обду́мать. To ponder.

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 17 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например don't, you've, can't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

Звуки «th»: thread /ˈθɹɛd/, pathway /ˈpæθˌweɪ/
Звуки «sh» и «zh»: crush /kɹʌʃ/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, shelter /ˈʃɛltə/
Длинные слова — следите за ударением: universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, biology /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/

Как заниматься с этим видео

Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как define, construct, reward.

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

Конструкция	В видео
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас	you've never felt · you've felt · You've fallen
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает	can be addicted · is constructed · can be viewed
Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете	someone who just · someone who can

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →

Практика Shadowing: TED Ed Vietsub Tình yêu là gì Brad Troeger - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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