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What is love?

Seriously though, what is it?

What is love?

A verb?

A noun?

A universal truth?

An ideal?

The common thread of all religions?

A cult?

A neurological phenomenon?

There's no shortage of answers.

Some are all-encompassing.

It conquers all.

It's all you need.

It's all there is.

These are all comparisons though.

Ways of defining it by contrast, by saying it's more important than all other things.

But is it?

Sure, love matters more than your standard turkey sandwich, but does it matter more than shelter, or sanity, or an exceptional turkey sandwich?

No matter your answer, you're just ranking it, not defining it.

Another challenge to defining love is we often try to do so while falling into it or out of it.

Would you trust someone who just won the lottery to accurately define the concept of currency?

Or, I don't know, ask a guy to define bears while he's fending them off?

Or is romance not like winning the lottery?

Are breakups not like bear attacks?

Bad comparisons?

That's my point.

I'm not thinking right because I'm in love. So, ha!

Taking a step back, or taking a cold shower, whatever.

Love is potentially the most intensely thought about thing in all of human history.

And despite centuries upon centuries of obsession, it still overwhelms us.

Some say it's a feeling, a magical emotion, a feeling for someone like you've never felt before.

But feelings are fluid, not very concrete foundation for a definition.

Sometimes you hate the person you love.

Plus, come on, you've felt feelings like it before, sort of in miniature.

Your relationships with your family shape your relationships with partners, and your love for your partner may be in its own dynamic relationship,

healthy or totally weird, with the love of your parents and siblings.

Love is also a set of behaviors we associate with the feeling.

Holding hands, kissing, hugging, public displays of affection, dating, marriage, having kids, or just sex.

But these loving actions can be subjective or culturally relative.

You may love or be someone who can't have kids or doesn't want to, who believes in marriage but also in divorce,

who's from a culture where people don't really date the way we think of dating, or who just doesn't want to make out on the bus.

But if love is a thing that we can define, then how can it mean opposite things for so many people?

So maybe love's all just in your head, a personal mystery winding through your neural pathways and lighting up pleasing natural rewards in your nervous system.

Perhaps these rewards are addictive.

Perhaps love is a temporary or permanent addiction to a person, just like a person can be addicted to a drug.

I don't mean to be edgy like some pop song.

Evidence shows that chemicals in your brain and stimulated by another person can make you develop a habit for that person.

The person comes to satisfy a physiological craving, and you want more.

But then sometimes, slowly or suddenly, you don't.

You've fallen out of love, become unaddicted, for a spell.

What happened?

Does one develop a tolerance or hit a limit?

Why do some lovers stay addicted to each other their entire lives?

Perhaps to create new lives?

To proliferate their species?

Baby love is just human DNA's optimal method for bringing about its own replication.

There are evolutionary arguments regarding every human mating behavior, from how we display ourselves to potential mates, to how we treat each other in relationships, to how we raise kids.

Thus, some argue

that the feeling you think you feel in your soul is just biology's way to make you continue our species.

Nature has selected you to have crushes on hotties, just like it makes monkeys have crushes on hot monkeys, and biology marches on.

But is that all love is?

Or perhaps worse, is it just a construct, some fake concept we all convince each other to try to live up to for a fake sense of purpose?

Maybe it is a construct, but let's be more precise about what a construct is, because love is constructed from reality.

Our experiences, feelings, brain chemistry, cultural expectations, our lives.

And this edifice can be viewed through countless dimensions, scientific, emotional, historical, spiritual, legal, or just personal.

If no two people are the same, no two people's love is the same either.

So in every loving relationship, there's a lot to talk about, and partners should be open to that, or the relationship probably won't last.

Love is always up for discussion, and sure, under construction.

So if we can't define it, that's a good sign.

It means we're all still making it.

Wait, I didn't mean...

You know what I meant.

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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 73개와 단어 803개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 4:43입니다. 화자는 분당 약 170단어로, 일상 대화에 가까운 자연스러운 속도로 말합니다. 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속하는 단어가 80%뿐이라 어휘가 어려운 편입니다.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 덜 흔한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

reward /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ (명사) — 상, 보수. Something of value given in return for an act.
crush /kɹʌʃ/ (동사) — 누르다. To press between two hard objects; to squeeze so as to alter the natural shape or integrity, or to force together into a mass.
monkey /ˈmʌŋki/ (명사) — 원숭이. A member of the clade Simiiformes other than those in the clade Hominoidea containing apes, generally (but not universally) distinguished by small size, tails…
lottery /ˈlɑtɚi/ (명사) — 복권. A scheme for the distribution of prizes by lot or chance, especially a gaming scheme in which one or more tickets bearing particular numbers draw prizes, the…
addict /ˈæd.ɪkt/ (명사) — 중독자. A person who is addicted, especially to a harmful drug.
universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/ (형용사) — 우주(宇宙)의, 우주적. Of or pertaining to the universe.
relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ (명사) — 친척. Someone connected by blood, marriage, or adoption; someone in the same family.
temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ (형용사) — 일시적인. Not permanent; existing only for a period or periods of time.
argue /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ (동사) — 논하다, 의논하다. To show grounds for concluding (that); to indicate, imply.
mystery /ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ (명사) — 신비, 미스터리. Something secret or unexplainable; an unknown.
select /sɪˈlɛkt/ (동사) — 고르다. To choose one or more elements of a set, especially a set of options.
ideal /aɪˈdi(ə)l/ (형용사) — 이상적, 리상적. Pertaining to ideas, or to a given idea.
thread /ˈθɹɛd/ (명사) — 실. A cord formed by spinning or twisting together textile fibers or filaments into one or more continuous strands, typically used in needlework.
spiritual /ˈspɪɹɪt͡ʃuəl/ (형용사) — 정신적, 정신의. Of or pertaining to the spirit or the soul.
associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/ (명사) — 제휴자, 조합원. A person united with another or others in an act, enterprise, or business; a partner or employee.

영상에 나오는 구동사

come on /ˌkʌm ˈɒn/ — 파이팅. Come along with me; join me in going.

주의할 발음

화자는 don't, you've, can't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 17번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“th” 소리: thread /ˈθɹɛd/, pathway /ˈpæθˌweɪ/
“sh”와 “zh” 소리: crush /kɹʌʃ/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, shelter /ˈʃɛltə/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, biology /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, reward, crush, monkey 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	you've never felt · you've felt · You've fallen
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	can be addicted · is constructed · can be viewed
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보	someone who just · someone who can

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →

쉐도잉 연습: TED Ed Vietsub Tình yêu là gì Brad Troeger - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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