跟读练习: TED Ed Vietsub Tình yêu là gì Brad Troeger - 通过视频学习英语口语

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73 句

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What is love?

Seriously though, what is it?

What is love?

A verb?

A noun?

A universal truth?

An ideal?

The common thread of all religions?

A cult?

A neurological phenomenon?

There's no shortage of answers.

Some are all-encompassing.

It conquers all.

It's all you need.

It's all there is.

These are all comparisons though.

Ways of defining it by contrast, by saying it's more important than all other things.

But is it?

Sure, love matters more than your standard turkey sandwich, but does it matter more than shelter, or sanity, or an exceptional turkey sandwich?

No matter your answer, you're just ranking it, not defining it.

Another challenge to defining love is we often try to do so while falling into it or out of it.

Would you trust someone who just won the lottery to accurately define the concept of currency?

Or, I don't know, ask a guy to define bears while he's fending them off?

Or is romance not like winning the lottery?

Are breakups not like bear attacks?

Bad comparisons?

That's my point.

I'm not thinking right because I'm in love. So, ha!

Taking a step back, or taking a cold shower, whatever.

Love is potentially the most intensely thought about thing in all of human history.

And despite centuries upon centuries of obsession, it still overwhelms us.

Some say it's a feeling, a magical emotion, a feeling for someone like you've never felt before.

But feelings are fluid, not very concrete foundation for a definition.

Sometimes you hate the person you love.

Plus, come on, you've felt feelings like it before, sort of in miniature.

Your relationships with your family shape your relationships with partners, and your love for your partner may be in its own dynamic relationship,

healthy or totally weird, with the love of your parents and siblings.

Love is also a set of behaviors we associate with the feeling.

Holding hands, kissing, hugging, public displays of affection, dating, marriage, having kids, or just sex.

But these loving actions can be subjective or culturally relative.

You may love or be someone who can't have kids or doesn't want to, who believes in marriage but also in divorce,

who's from a culture where people don't really date the way we think of dating, or who just doesn't want to make out on the bus.

But if love is a thing that we can define, then how can it mean opposite things for so many people?

So maybe love's all just in your head, a personal mystery winding through your neural pathways and lighting up pleasing natural rewards in your nervous system.

Perhaps these rewards are addictive.

Perhaps love is a temporary or permanent addiction to a person, just like a person can be addicted to a drug.

I don't mean to be edgy like some pop song.

Evidence shows that chemicals in your brain and stimulated by another person can make you develop a habit for that person.

The person comes to satisfy a physiological craving, and you want more.

But then sometimes, slowly or suddenly, you don't.

You've fallen out of love, become unaddicted, for a spell.

What happened?

Does one develop a tolerance or hit a limit?

Why do some lovers stay addicted to each other their entire lives?

Perhaps to create new lives?

To proliferate their species?

Baby love is just human DNA's optimal method for bringing about its own replication.

There are evolutionary arguments regarding every human mating behavior, from how we display ourselves to potential mates, to how we treat each other in relationships, to how we raise kids.

Thus, some argue

that the feeling you think you feel in your soul is just biology's way to make you continue our species.

Nature has selected you to have crushes on hotties, just like it makes monkeys have crushes on hot monkeys, and biology marches on.

But is that all love is?

Or perhaps worse, is it just a construct, some fake concept we all convince each other to try to live up to for a fake sense of purpose?

Maybe it is a construct, but let's be more precise about what a construct is, because love is constructed from reality.

Our experiences, feelings, brain chemistry, cultural expectations, our lives.

And this edifice can be viewed through countless dimensions, scientific, emotional, historical, spiritual, legal, or just personal.

If no two people are the same, no two people's love is the same either.

So in every loving relationship, there's a lot to talk about, and partners should be open to that, or the relationship probably won't last.

Love is always up for discussion, and sure, under construction.

So if we can't define it, that's a good sign.

It means we're all still making it.

Wait, I didn't mean...

You know what I meant.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这段视频共有 73 个句子、803 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 4:43。说话人语速自然，每分钟约 170 个词，接近日常对话。只有 80% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个不太常见的单词，附发音和释义：

define /dɪˈfaɪn/ (动词) — 界定. To determine with precision; to mark out with distinctness; to ascertain or exhibit clearly.
construct /ˈkɑn.stɹʌkt/ (动词) — 建造, 建設 /建设. To build or form (something) by assembling parts.
reward /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ (名词) — 報酬 /报酬, 獎勵 /奖励. Something of value given in return for an act.
crush /kɹʌʃ/ (动词) — 挤压, 挤. To press between two hard objects; to squeeze so as to alter the natural shape or integrity, or to force together into a mass.
monkey /ˈmʌŋki/ (名词) — 猴子, 猴兒 /猴儿. A member of the clade Simiiformes other than those in the clade Hominoidea containing apes, generally (but not universally) distinguished by small size, tails…
lottery /ˈlɑtɚi/ (名词) — 抽獎 /抽奖, 抽彩. A scheme for the distribution of prizes by lot or chance, especially a gaming scheme in which one or more tickets bearing particular numbers draw prizes, the…
addict /ˈæd.ɪkt/ (名词) — 上癮的人 /上瘾的人. A person who is addicted, especially to a harmful drug.
universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/ (形容词) — 宇宙的. Of or pertaining to the universe.
relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ (名词) — 親戚 /亲戚. Someone connected by blood, marriage, or adoption; someone in the same family.
temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ (形容词) — 暫時 /暂时. Not permanent; existing only for a period or periods of time.
argue /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ (动词) — 辯論 /辩论, 爭辯 /争辩. To show grounds for concluding (that); to indicate, imply.
contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/ (名词) — 对比度. The degree of this difference.
mystery /ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ (名词) — 謎 /谜, 謎團 /谜团. Something secret or unexplainable; an unknown.
select /sɪˈlɛkt/ (动词) — 選 /选, 挑選 /挑选. To choose one or more elements of a set, especially a set of options.
concrete /ˌkɑnˈkɹit/ (形容词) — 切實的 /切实的, 具體的 /具体的. Real, actual, tangible.

视频中出现的短语动词

come on /ˌkʌm ˈɒn/ — 加油. Come along with me; join me in going.

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 17 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, you've, can't。请按听到的简短形式来说。

“th” 音: thread /ˈθɹɛd/, pathway /ˈpæθˌweɪ/
“sh” 和 “zh” 音: crush /kɹʌʃ/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, shelter /ˈʃɛltə/
长单词——注意重音位置: universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, biology /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 define, construct, reward 这类单词。

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构	视频中的用法
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事	you've never felt · you've felt · You've fallen
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的	can be addicted · is constructed · can be viewed
定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物	someone who just · someone who can

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: TED Ed Vietsub Tình yêu là gì Brad Troeger - 通过视频学习英语口语

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