Shadowing-Übung: 2014 Three Minute Thesis winning presentation by Emily Johnston - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
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Our third finalist is Emily Johnston from the School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences.
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Her presentation title is Mosquito Research: Saving Lives with Pantyhose and Paperclips.
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Thank you.
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- Thank you.
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I came to Australia to study the deadliest animal in the world.
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Now there may be some Australian audience members thinking, "Ruth!
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Science has finally recognized the importance of the drop bears.
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But I'm not studying drop bears, because around the world, by transmitting diseases like malaria and dengue fever, Mosquitoes kill more than a million people every year,
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making them the deadliest animal on the planet.
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Now in Australia, the most common mosquito -borne disease is Ross River virus, and it occurs at high rates in some areas but not others.
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My question is why?
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What is it about certain areas that makes them breed disease?
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If we can understand the environmental factors that contribute to disease transmission, then we can alter the environment or target our control efforts prevent human infections.
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But to answer that question, I had to find out where the infected mosquitoes were in South Australia.
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And traditionally, testing mosquitoes for virus has always been difficult.
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So I used a new technique.
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It takes these cards, which are embedded with virus -preserving chemicals, and coats them in honey.
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Mosquitoes will come to feed on the honey, and in the process, spit virus onto the card, where it can later be detected.
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Now, no one had ever used this technique in a broad -scale virus survey before, so I had to adapt it.
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I developed new traps.
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and set them at over 100 field sites across South Australia.
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and I captured over 20 ,000 hungry mosquitoes
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and let them feed on the card for a week before testing the cards for a virus.
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Now you may not think that these traps look very impressive, But science doesn't have to be beautiful.
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It has to be effective.
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And these traps are proving to be our most sensitive method of detecting infected mosquitoes.
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I found three types of infection.
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Ross River virus, Barma Forest virus, and Stratford virus, which has never before been found in South Australia.
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I now have the virus data I need to conduct my analysis.
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and I'm collecting publicly available data about the environment surrounding my traps.
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like the density of human housing, the biodiversity of mammals, and the ratio of green space to buildings.
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to see if any of those environmental factors can link These virus hotspots that I've shown here, But the most exciting part of my research so far has been the success of this method.
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Public health officials in Victoria, Queensland, and Western Australia have been in contact with us about implementing this technique for their surveillance next year.
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And I developed these traps in a tight budget.
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I used recycled milk cartons, pantyhose, and paperclips to make the traps.
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Each trap costs less than a dollar and can be reused for the whole season.
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That was important to me because the majority of mosquito -borne disease risk happens in economically impoverished countries.
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In India, for example, where about a quarter of the population lives on a dollar a day, There are 33 million cases of dengue infection every year,
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With my low budget virus surveillance and spatial analysis method, I can help any country, regardless of resources, find out where their deadliest animals occur,
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why they're there, and how we can stop them from infecting humans.
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Thanks.
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Thank you.
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Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Dieses Video enthält 42 Sätze und 576 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 3:09. Der Sprecher spricht schnell, etwa 183 Wörter pro Minute – rechne mit verbundenen und verkürzten Lauten. Nur 77 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen, der Wortschatz ist also anspruchsvoll.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
15 weniger häufige Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
- virus /ˈvaɪ.ɹəs/ (Substantiv) — Virus, virus. A submicroscopic, non-cellular structure that consists of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat, that requires a living host cell to replicate, and…
- mosquito /məsˈki.toʊ/ (Substantiv) — Mücke, Stechmücke. A small flying insect of the family Culicidae, the females of which bite humans and animals and suck blood, leaving an itching bump on the skin, and sometimes…
- trap /tɹæp/ (Substantiv) — Falle. A machine or other device designed to catch (and sometimes kill) animals, either by holding them in a container, or by catching hold of part of the body.
- technique /tɛkˈniːk/ (Substantiv) — Technik. The practical aspects of a given art, occupation etc.; formal requirements.
- infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/ (Substantiv) — Ansteckung, Infektion. The act or process of infecting.
- occur /əˈkɜː/ (Verb) — passieren, vorkommen. To happen or take place.
- honey /ˈhʌni/ (Substantiv) — Honig. A sweet, viscous, gold-colored fluid produced from plant nectar by bees, and often consumed by humans.
- surveillance /sɚˈveɪ.ləns/ (Substantiv) — Überwachung. Close observation of an individual or group; person or persons under suspicion.
- detect /dɪˈtɛkt/ (Verb) — entdecken. To discover or find by careful search, examination, or probing.
- regardless /ɹɪˈɡɑɹd.lɪs/ (Adverb) — trotzdem, dennoch. Without attention to warnings or indications of bad consequences.
- impressive /ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/ (Adjektiv) — beeindruckend, eindrucksvoll. Making, or tending to make, a positive impression; having power to impress.
- sensitive /ˈsɛn.sɪt.ɪv/ (Adjektiv) — empfindlich, sensibel. Having the faculty of sensation; pertaining to the senses.
- hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ (Adjektiv) — hungrig, Hunger haben. Affected by hunger; having the physical need for food.
- capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/ (Verb) — fangen, einfangen. To take control of; to seize by force or stratagem.
- resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ (Substantiv) — Ressource, Mittel. Something that one uses to achieve an objective, e.g. raw materials or personnel.
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
- find out (Verb) — herausfinden, erfahren. To discover, as by asking or investigating.
- live on (Verb) — weiterleben. To endure.
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 5 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel I'm, doesn't, I've. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/, capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, ratio /ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/, transmission /tɹænsˈmɪʃən/, presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/, economically /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪ.kli/, malaria /məˈlɛəɹi.ə/, biodiversity /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/, impoverish /ɪmˈpɒv(ə)ɹɪʃ/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Beginne mit 0,75-facher Geschwindigkeit, sprich Satz für Satz nach und wechsle zur normalen Geschwindigkeit, sobald es leichtfällt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie virus, mosquito, trap.
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| Present Perfect have/has + Partizip Perfekt – eine vergangene Handlung, die jetzt noch wichtig ist | has finally recognized · has always been · I've shown |
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | are embedded · be detected · been found |
| Relativsätze who / which + Satz – eine Zusatzinformation über eine Person oder Sache | cards, which are · virus, which has |
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.