Pratique du Shadowing: 2014 Three Minute Thesis winning presentation by Emily Johnston - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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Our third finalist is Emily Johnston from the School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences.

Her presentation title is Mosquito Research: Saving Lives with Pantyhose and Paperclips.

Thank you.

- Thank you.

I came to Australia to study the deadliest animal in the world.

Now there may be some Australian audience members thinking, "Ruth!

Science has finally recognized the importance of the drop bears.

But I'm not studying drop bears, because around the world, by transmitting diseases like malaria and dengue fever, Mosquitoes kill more than a million people every year,

making them the deadliest animal on the planet.

Now in Australia, the most common mosquito -borne disease is Ross River virus, and it occurs at high rates in some areas but not others.

My question is why?

What is it about certain areas that makes them breed disease?

If we can understand the environmental factors that contribute to disease transmission, then we can alter the environment or target our control efforts prevent human infections.

But to answer that question, I had to find out where the infected mosquitoes were in South Australia.

And traditionally, testing mosquitoes for virus has always been difficult.

So I used a new technique.

It takes these cards, which are embedded with virus -preserving chemicals, and coats them in honey.

Mosquitoes will come to feed on the honey, and in the process, spit virus onto the card, where it can later be detected.

Now, no one had ever used this technique in a broad -scale virus survey before, so I had to adapt it.

I developed new traps.

and set them at over 100 field sites across South Australia.

and I captured over 20 ,000 hungry mosquitoes

and let them feed on the card for a week before testing the cards for a virus.

Now you may not think that these traps look very impressive, But science doesn't have to be beautiful.

It has to be effective.

And these traps are proving to be our most sensitive method of detecting infected mosquitoes.

I found three types of infection.

Ross River virus, Barma Forest virus, and Stratford virus, which has never before been found in South Australia.

I now have the virus data I need to conduct my analysis.

and I'm collecting publicly available data about the environment surrounding my traps.

like the density of human housing, the biodiversity of mammals, and the ratio of green space to buildings.

to see if any of those environmental factors can link These virus hotspots that I've shown here, But the most exciting part of my research so far has been the success of this method.

Public health officials in Victoria, Queensland, and Western Australia have been in contact with us about implementing this technique for their surveillance next year.

And I developed these traps in a tight budget.

I used recycled milk cartons, pantyhose, and paperclips to make the traps.

Each trap costs less than a dollar and can be reused for the whole season.

That was important to me because the majority of mosquito -borne disease risk happens in economically impoverished countries.

In India, for example, where about a quarter of the population lives on a dollar a day, There are 33 million cases of dengue infection every year,

With my low budget virus surveillance and spatial analysis method, I can help any country, regardless of resources, find out where their deadliest animals occur,

why they're there, and how we can stop them from infecting humans.

Thanks.

Thank you.

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette vidéo contient 42 phrases et 576 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 3:09. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 183 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. Seuls 77 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

15 mots moins courants de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

virus /ˈvaɪ.ɹəs/ (nom) — virus. A submicroscopic, non-cellular structure that consists of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat, that requires a living host cell to replicate, and…
mosquito /məsˈki.toʊ/ (nom) — moustique, maringouin. A small flying insect of the family Culicidae, the females of which bite humans and animals and suck blood, leaving an itching bump on the skin, and sometimes…
trap /tɹæp/ (nom) — piège, collet. A machine or other device designed to catch (and sometimes kill) animals, either by holding them in a container, or by catching hold of part of the body.
technique /tɛkˈniːk/ (nom) — technique. The practical aspects of a given art, occupation etc.; formal requirements.
infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/ (nom) — infection. The act or process of infecting.
occur /əˈkɜː/ (verbe) — se produire, avoir lieu. To happen or take place.
honey /ˈhʌni/ (nom) — miel. A sweet, viscous, gold-colored fluid produced from plant nectar by bees, and often consumed by humans.
surveillance /sɚˈveɪ.ləns/ (nom) — surveillance, fichage. Close observation of an individual or group; person or persons under suspicion.
detect /dɪˈtɛkt/ (verbe) — déceler, détecter. To discover or find by careful search, examination, or probing.
regardless /ɹɪˈɡɑɹd.lɪs/ (adverbe) — malgré tout, malgré cela. Without attention to warnings or indications of bad consequences.
impressive /ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/ (adjectif) — impressionnant, épatant. Making, or tending to make, a positive impression; having power to impress.
sensitive /ˈsɛn.sɪt.ɪv/ (adjectif) — sensible. Having the faculty of sensation; pertaining to the senses.
hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ (adjectif) — affamé, avoir faim. Affected by hunger; having the physical need for food.
capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/ (verbe) — saisir, capturer. To take control of; to seize by force or stratagem.
resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ (nom) — ressource. Something that one uses to achieve an objective, e.g. raw materials or personnel.

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

find out (verbe) — découvrir, savoir. To discover, as by asking or investigating.
live on (verbe) — vivre de. To endure.

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 5 contractions et formes réduites, comme I'm, doesn't, I've. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

Les sons « sh » et « zh »: infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/, capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, ratio /ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/, transmission /tɹænsˈmɪʃən/, presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/
Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/, economically /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪ.kli/, malaria /məˈlɛəɹi.ə/, biodiversity /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/, impoverish /ɪmˈpɒv(ə)ɹɪʃ/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme virus, mosquito, trap.

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

Structure	Dans la vidéo
Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant	has finally recognized · has always been · I've shown
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait	are embedded · be detected · been found
Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose	cards, which are · virus, which has

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

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Pratique du Shadowing: 2014 Three Minute Thesis winning presentation by Emily Johnston - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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