शैडोइंग अभ्यास: 2014 Three Minute Thesis winning presentation by Emily Johnston - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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42 वाक्य

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Our third finalist is Emily Johnston from the School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences.

Her presentation title is Mosquito Research: Saving Lives with Pantyhose and Paperclips.

Thank you.

- Thank you.

I came to Australia to study the deadliest animal in the world.

Now there may be some Australian audience members thinking, "Ruth!

Science has finally recognized the importance of the drop bears.

But I'm not studying drop bears, because around the world, by transmitting diseases like malaria and dengue fever, Mosquitoes kill more than a million people every year,

making them the deadliest animal on the planet.

Now in Australia, the most common mosquito -borne disease is Ross River virus, and it occurs at high rates in some areas but not others.

My question is why?

What is it about certain areas that makes them breed disease?

If we can understand the environmental factors that contribute to disease transmission, then we can alter the environment or target our control efforts prevent human infections.

But to answer that question, I had to find out where the infected mosquitoes were in South Australia.

And traditionally, testing mosquitoes for virus has always been difficult.

So I used a new technique.

It takes these cards, which are embedded with virus -preserving chemicals, and coats them in honey.

Mosquitoes will come to feed on the honey, and in the process, spit virus onto the card, where it can later be detected.

Now, no one had ever used this technique in a broad -scale virus survey before, so I had to adapt it.

I developed new traps.

and set them at over 100 field sites across South Australia.

and I captured over 20 ,000 hungry mosquitoes

and let them feed on the card for a week before testing the cards for a virus.

Now you may not think that these traps look very impressive, But science doesn't have to be beautiful.

It has to be effective.

And these traps are proving to be our most sensitive method of detecting infected mosquitoes.

I found three types of infection.

Ross River virus, Barma Forest virus, and Stratford virus, which has never before been found in South Australia.

I now have the virus data I need to conduct my analysis.

and I'm collecting publicly available data about the environment surrounding my traps.

like the density of human housing, the biodiversity of mammals, and the ratio of green space to buildings.

to see if any of those environmental factors can link These virus hotspots that I've shown here, But the most exciting part of my research so far has been the success of this method.

Public health officials in Victoria, Queensland, and Western Australia have been in contact with us about implementing this technique for their surveillance next year.

And I developed these traps in a tight budget.

I used recycled milk cartons, pantyhose, and paperclips to make the traps.

Each trap costs less than a dollar and can be reused for the whole season.

That was important to me because the majority of mosquito -borne disease risk happens in economically impoverished countries.

In India, for example, where about a quarter of the population lives on a dollar a day, There are 33 million cases of dengue infection every year,

With my low budget virus surveillance and spatial analysis method, I can help any country, regardless of resources, find out where their deadliest animals occur,

why they're there, and how we can stop them from infecting humans.

Thanks.

Thank you.

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अनुशंसित वीडियो

34 वाक्य

Photic sneezing: IELTS LISTENING Vol 4 Test 4 Section 4 (IELTS Listening Recent Actual Test)

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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव

इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 42 वाक्य और 576 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 3:09 लंबा है। वक्ता तेज़ बोलता है, लगभग 183 शब्द प्रति मिनट, इसलिए जुड़ी हुई और कमज़ोर ध्वनियाँ ज़्यादा मिलेंगी। केवल 77% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं, इसलिए शब्दावली कठिन है।

इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली

वीडियो के 15 कम प्रचलित शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:

virus /ˈvaɪ.ɹəs/ (संज्ञा) — विषाणु, वाइरस. A submicroscopic, non-cellular structure that consists of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat, that requires a living host cell to replicate, and…
mosquito /məsˈki.toʊ/ (संज्ञा) — मच्छर, मच्छड़. A small flying insect of the family Culicidae, the females of which bite humans and animals and suck blood, leaving an itching bump on the skin, and sometimes…
technique /tɛkˈniːk/ (संज्ञा) — तकनीक. The practical aspects of a given art, occupation etc.; formal requirements.
infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/ (संज्ञा) — संक्रमण. The act or process of infecting.
occur /əˈkɜː/ (क्रिया) — बीतना. To happen or take place.
honey /ˈhʌni/ (संज्ञा) — मधु, शहद. A sweet, viscous, gold-colored fluid produced from plant nectar by bees, and often consumed by humans.
surveillance /sɚˈveɪ.ləns/ (संज्ञा) — पर्यवेक्षण, निरीक्षण. Close observation of an individual or group; person or persons under suspicion.
hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ (विशेषण) — भूखा. Affected by hunger; having the physical need for food.
resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ (संज्ञा) — संसाधन. Something that one uses to achieve an objective, e.g. raw materials or personnel.
collect /ˈkɑlɪkt/ (क्रिया) — शामिल होने, इकट्ठा करना. To gather together; amass.
ratio /ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/ (संज्ञा) — अनुपात. A number representing a comparison between two named things.
coat /ˈkoʊ̯t/ (संज्ञा) — कोट. An outer garment covering the upper torso and arms.
density /ˈdɛn.sə.ti/ (संज्ञा) — घनत्व. A measure of the mass of matter contained by a unit volume.
transmission /tɹænsˈmɪʃən/ (संज्ञा) — पारेषण. The act of transmitting, e.g. data (signals) or electric power.
publicly /ˈpʌb.lɪ.kli/ (क्रिया विशेषण) — सरेआम, खुलेआम. In public, openly, in an open and public manner.

ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण

वक्ता 5 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे I'm, doesn't, I've। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।

“sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/, capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, ratio /ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/, transmission /tɹænsˈmɪʃən/, presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/
लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/, economically /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪ.kli/, malaria /məˈlɛəɹi.ə/, biodiversity /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/, impoverish /ɪmˈpɒv(ə)ɹɪʃ/

इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें

पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर virus, mosquito, technique जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।

इस वीडियो का व्याकरण

वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:

संरचना	वीडियो में
Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है	has finally recognized · has always been · I've shown
Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है	are embedded · be detected · been found
Relative clauses who / which + उपवाक्य — व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी	cards, which are · virus, which has

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?

शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।

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शैडोइंग अभ्यास: 2014 Three Minute Thesis winning presentation by Emily Johnston - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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