Pratique du Shadowing: Complete IELTS Band 6.5 - 7.5 - UNIT 4 - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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Complete IELTS, Bands 6 .5 to 7 .5, by Guy Brook -Hart and Vanessa Jakeman.
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Published by Cambridge University Press, 2013.
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This recording is copyright.
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Unit 4.
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Listening.
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Exercise 3.
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We're going to have a look today at Aboriginal art and painting, which actually dates back 60 ,000 years, making it one of the oldest art traditions in the world.
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Now, as long as Indigenous people have been living in Australia, they've been creating different types of art.
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So, let's start by having a look at some examples of ancient art.
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It includes things like, as you can see here, rock paintings, bark paintings, even some sand drawings like this have been found.
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Then there's the whole area of body art, which is so important for ceremonial practice.
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And lastly, here are some examples of decorative art on weapons and tools.
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The oldest art examples today are the rock paintings because, obviously, rock is more durable than other materials and so the art has been preserved.
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In fact, most of this work is inside caves, largely because there it's been sheltered, hasn't been destroyed by the weather,
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while the paintings on outside rock surfaces have often been washed away over the years.
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Now, there are enormous variations in the style of Aboriginal rock art, depending on its age and location.
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Dot paintings are one of the best -known visual art forms of Aboriginal culture, in which a surface is covered in small dots to reveal symbols.
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Typical ones include arrows like this.
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Here's a waterhole.
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And these are animal tracks.
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You get to see both the abstract dot paintings and more naturalistic art.
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You get both in rock art of various ages.
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As the ancient Aborigines didn't have a written language, the key purpose of much of this rock art was storytelling,
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which has had a great significance for younger generations.
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Let's move on to look at the materials.
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Whatever they were painting, traditionally Aboriginal people all over Australia used pigment, such as ochre, to make paint.
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Ochre's very finely textured natural rock and, well, they used this because ochre is plentiful across most of Australia.
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It's coloured by iron oxide, which is the mineral that makes a lot of Australian outback soil in places such as Ayres Rock,
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what is known as Uluru Red.
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Uluru being the Aboriginal name for Ayers Rock.
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However, depending on the exact conditions under which it formed, the shade can be anything from yellow to orange,
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red, purple or dark brown.
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Today, ochre occurs in many archaeological sites.
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An archaeologist at one site have discovered what appears to be an artist's palette of ochres dating back 18 ,000 years.
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Preparing the ochre paints was time -consuming work.
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First, the appropriate rocks had to be found and collected.
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Then the rock had to be broken up and ground into a powder, and that had to be mixed with some sort of fluid to bind it into paint.
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Nowadays, the binder most commonly used is professional artists' acrylic binder.
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But in the past, Aboriginal people used things like tree sap or something similar like bush honey.
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Other fluids must also have been used but wouldn't have held paint on rock
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or a piece of bark for thousands of years so sadly those paintings would have been lost.
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So, how have things changed?
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Well, modern Aboriginal is a mixture of the old and the new.
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Things changed in the 1970s really when Aboriginal people from many different parts of Australia particularly South Australia,
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Central and Northern Australia, took up acrylic painting and began to paint on canvas.
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Taking a modern approach has had many advantages.
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It saves artists a great deal of time and they can still choose to use the traditional yellowish, reddish, brownish colours if they wish to.
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But perhaps the most important fact is that, unlike bark and rock paintings, the modern paintings are easy to sell. In fact,
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painting on canvas has given Aboriginal people an opportunity to showcase their art to the world and keep their ancient culture alive.
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Modern Aboriginal art, particularly dot painting, has taken off and started selling on a big scale internationally.
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Aboriginal art can also be found on pottery and various musical instruments like didgeridoos and clapping sticks.
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Together, these have become some of the most popular souvenirs in Australia.
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Their artists, like other artists in the world, are now able to earn a living doing something they are passionate about.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette vidéo contient 55 phrases et 737 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 6:03. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 122 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 81 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| bark nom | /bɑɹk/ | écorce |
| fluid nom | /ˈflu.ɪd/ | fluide, liquide |
| depend verbe | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | dépendre |
| canvas nom | /ˈkæn.vəs/ | toile |
| earn verbe | /ɝn/ | gagner |
| occur verbe | /əˈkɜː/ | se produire, avoir lieu |
| wash verbe | /wɑʃ/ | laver |
| sand nom | /sænd/ | sable |
| reveal verbe | /ɹɪˈviːl/ | révéler |
| soil nom | /sɔɪl/ | sol, terre |
| discover verbe | /dɪˈskʌvə/ | découvrir |
| commonly adverbe | /ˈkɑmənli/ | communément, fréquemment |
| collect verbe | /ˈkɑlɪkt/ | rassembler, recueillir |
| honey nom | /ˈhʌni/ | miel |
| purple nom | /ˈpɝ.pl̩/ | violet, pourpre |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| break up verbe | rompre, couper |
| take off verbe | enlever, ôter |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | have been found · has been preserved · been sheltered |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | have been found · has been preserved · hasn't been destroyed |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | art, which is · oxide, which is |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 5 contractions et formes réduites, comme didn't, hasn't, they've. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: wash /wɑʃ/, shelter /ˈʃɛltə/, shade /ʃeɪd/, passionate /ˈpæʃənɪt/, variation /ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/, traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/, decorative /ˈdɛk.ə.ɹə.tɪv/, archaeologist /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/, ceremonial /ˌsɛɹɪˈməʊnɪ.əl/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme bark, fluid, depend.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.