Pratique du Shadowing: How to Debate (Ep 04) - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

Création de la leçon...
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Hey everyone, Framework Freddy here.
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Today I'm going to train you on how to frame the debate.
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What do framing and framework mean?
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Think of a picture frame.
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A picture frame sets the limits of what we see.
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Some things are outside the frame and some things are inside the frame.
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Every debate needs a framework.
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The framework tells the audience precisely what the debate is about, precisely what we need to prove, and precisely what we need to defend in the debate.
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In framing the debate, there are three steps that we need to follow.
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Step 1: Define the key terms of the topic.
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Step 2: Tell the audience precisely what you defend.
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Step 3: Tell the audience precisely what the other team needs to defend.
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Let's look at the example.
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Imagine our topic is "Mobile phones should be banned in schools."
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The first step in framing the debate is to define the key terms.
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In this topic, there are three key terms that we need to explain.
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Mobile phones, band, and schools.
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First, mobile phones.
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I think everyone has a clear idea of what mobile phones are, but it is good to provide a basic definition.
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Mobile phones refer to smartphone devices like iPhones.
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These are devices that allow students to make phone calls, chat, access the internet, and use apps.
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Second, what does it mean to ban mobile phones?
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Banning could mean two things.
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It could mean that the students cannot bring a mobile phone to school, or it could mean that students can bring a mobile phone to school, but they cannot use a mobile phone in school.
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There is no one correct answer to this question.
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Your team must make this choice before the debate.
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Third, what do we mean by "schools"?
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It helps to clearly define what a school is and what is the purpose of a school.
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Schools are places where students go every day to learn.
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The main goal of a school is to give students the knowledge and skills that help them in their life.
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We have defined the key terms.
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Now we move on to step two.
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We tell the audience exactly what we defend.
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We might say, "Ladies and gentlemen, we will defend that students should not be allowed to bring mobile phones to school." If they do bring them to school,
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the teacher will immediately take them away and punish the student.
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We are not saying that phones are always bad, we are just saying that they should not be in school.
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Here, we have explained what happens if students bring phones to school.
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Punishment.
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We've also made it clear that this debate is focused on schools, not just whether mobile phones are good or bad overall.
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Now moving on to step three: what does the opposing team need to prove?
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We might say: "Our opponents must prove that students will learn more
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if they have mobile phones in school than if they do not have mobile phones.
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After all, the purpose of school is learning." Once you have completed the three steps, you can move on to delivering your arguments.
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Now, Let's look at a full example of a speaker setting up and framing the debate.
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Ladies and gentlemen, before I deliver our team's arguments, it is necessary to frame today's debate.
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What are mobile phones?
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Mobile phones refer to smartphone devices like iPhones.
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These are devices that allow students to make phone calls, chat, access the internet, and use apps.
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Banning means that students are not allowed to bring mobile phones to school.
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Schools are places where students go to learn every day.
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The main goal of a school is to give students the knowledge and skills that help them in their life.
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So What do we defend in today's debate, ladies and gentlemen?
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We will argue that students should not be allowed to bring mobile phones to school.
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If they do bring them to school, the teacher will immediately take them away and punish the student.
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We are not saying that phones are always harmful.
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We are just saying that they should not be in school.
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Our opponents must prove that the students will learn more
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if they have mobile phones in school than if they do not have mobile phones.
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After all, the purpose of school is not is learning.
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Now that we have defined today's debate, we will move on to our main arguments.
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There you have it.
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That is how to frame a debate.
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Be sure to follow these three steps in framing the debate.
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This way, your team, your opponents, and the audience will know what to expect in the debate.
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Good luck!

Context & Background

In today's video episode titled "How to Debate," Framework Freddy introduces essential techniques for framing a debate. The concept of framing is likened to a picture frame, which sets the limits on what is included within the discussion and what is excluded. This video emphasizes the significance of establishing a clear framework in any debate, outlining the key terms, what needs to be defended, and what the opposing team must prove. Understanding this foundational structure is crucial for anyone looking to engage in effective argumentative discourse, making it an invaluable resource for English learners interested in developing their debating skills alongside their language proficiency.

Top 5 Phrases for Daily Communication

  • "Ladies and gentlemen" - A polite way to address an audience during a presentation or debate.
  • "We will defend that..." - A phrase indicating the position your team supports in a debate.
  • "A clear idea of what..." - Useful for clarifying concepts or terms during discussions.
  • "It helps to clearly define..." - A phrase to introduce definitions that assist in framing arguments.
  • "Our opponents must prove..." - Indicates what the other team needs to substantiate in order to counter your arguments.

Step-by-step Shadowing Guide

To effectively tackle the content of this video and improve your English speaking practice, you can utilize the following step-by-step shadowing technique:

  1. Watch and Listen: Play the video and listen intently to Framework Freddy's delivery. Pay attention to his intonation and pronunciation.
  2. Break it Down: Focus on one section at a time. For example, start with the introduction, then move onto the three steps of framing the debate. This prevents you from feeling overwhelmed.
  3. Repeat and Imitate: Use a shadow speech approach where you pause the video after each sentence or phrase, and repeat it aloud. This will help you to improve English pronunciation and become more comfortable with the vocabulary.
  4. Practice Key Phrases: Once you have repeated the phrases, practice them independently, applying the shadowing app to record your voice. This can provide insights into your pronunciation accuracy.
  5. Engage in Dialogues: After mastering the phrases, engage in mock debates with friends or language partners. Use the framed debate structure explained in the video to express your ideas and challenge theirs.

Incorporating these steps into your English learning routine will not only sharpen your debating skills but also enhance your overall confidence in speaking, making it a practical method for improving your English language abilities.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.