Pratique du Shadowing: 🏥 Locating Organs with Surface Landmarks: Do You Know Where Key Organs Are? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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This is a cartoon which you're probably really familiar with as you've gone through your education
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and just the idea of where the organs are within the abdominal cavity.
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So here we can see we've got the sternum, here now we can see the Xiphy sternum,
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this inferior limit of the sternum which demarcates the superior aspect of the abdomen
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and then we can see it radiating down in this direction with those costal cartilages.
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We can see really clearly now, tucked up on this right-hand side, protected by the ribs, we've got the liver,
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this large organ, the largest gland in the human body.
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And in the midline, we can see just about we've got the stomach here, which is then continuous with what's called the duodenum, and that's the first part of the small intestine.
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But previously, I mentioned the appendix down in this lower right inguinal region.
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And here we can see in the lower right inguinal region, we can actually find the appendix.
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So these are really important landmarks which we can identify in the abdominal cavity.
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This is an anterior view.
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Over here, we've got a posterior view and we can see where the kidneys are located either side of the vertebral column.
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We can also see tucked up over here, we have the spleen, which you can just about make out on this left-hand side.
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So we'll look at the various positions of these organs as we go through the course, but this provides a good general overview.
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So now we can relate the surface landmarks that we spoke about previously to a couple of these organs, like the liver and the appendix.
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Here we can start off with the appendix, this blind pouch that's located at the beginning of the large intestine by the cecum.
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And this is really important because, as I mentioned before, we may have radiating pain coming from this region.
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So a useful technique for locating this pain is to use what's known as McBurnie's point, and this is a surface landmark for the appendix.
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So again, we can remind ourselves of where the umbilicus is, we can see it here.
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We can remind ourselves of where the anterior superior iliac spine is.
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And as we can see in the diagram, we can draw a line between these two regions.
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A third of the way from the anterior superior iliac spine towards the umbilicus, so about a third of the way across,
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we can locate our appendix.
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That's known as McBurney's point.
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Palpation in this region can lead to quite severe acute pain.
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And this could indicate that the patient maybe has appendicitis.
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So that's where these surface landmarks are really important in being able to identify which organs lie deep to the skin.
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We can also see over on this side again, mentioned it in the previous slide, the position of the liver.
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And here we can see that actually the liver is hard to palpate palpate
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because most of the liver is actually covered by these ribs.
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And here this diagram may not be 100% correct in
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that it's quite unusual for the liver to actually be so clearly observed free of the ribs.
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It's usually only in patients that have an enlarged liver that it can actually radiate below the ribs.
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And to palpate the liver, you can feel this costal margin.
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And asking the patient to breathe in and out moves the liver.
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And you can actually, pressing on the skin deep to these ribs, can feel this edge of the liver pressing against your fingers.
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So it's really important that we mention the surface landmarks, as you can use them to try and feel and locate organs deep to the skin.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « 🏥 Locating Organs with Surface Landmarks: Do You Know Where Key Organs Are? ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : liver, appendix, organ, ribs, landmark. Cette vidéo contient 43 phrases et 706 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 4:24. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 160 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 81 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| appendix nom | /əˈpɛn.dɪks/ | annexe, appendice |
| rib nom | /ɹɪb/ | côte |
| landmark nom | /ˈlændmɑːk/ | repère, point de repère |
| locate verbe | /ˈloʊˌkeɪt/ | localiser |
| palpate verbe | /ˈpælpeɪt/ | palper |
| anterior adjectif | /ænˈtɪɹ.i.ɚ/ | antérieur |
| costal adjectif | /ˈkɑstl̩/ | costal |
| inguinal adjectif | /ˈɪŋɡwɪnəl/ | inguinal |
| intestine nom | /ɪnˈtɛs.tɪn/ | intestin, boyau |
| tuck verbe | /tʌk/ | rentrer |
| abdominal adjectif | /æbˈdɑm.ə.nl̩/ | abdominal |
| cavity nom | /ˈkæv.ɪt.i/ | carie |
| diagram nom | /ˈdaɪ.ə.ɡɹæm/ | diagramme, schéma |
| spine nom | /spaɪn/ | colonne vertébrale, échine |
| appendicitis nom | /əˈpɛnd.ɪ.saɪt.əs/ | appendicite |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| go through verbe | traverser |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 7 contractions et formes réduites, comme we've, we'll, you're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: anterior /ænˈtɪɹ.i.ɚ/, umbilicus /ˌʌmˈbɪlɪkəs/, appendicitis /əˈpɛnd.ɪ.saɪt.əs/, posterior /poʊˈstɪɹ.i.ɚ/, inferior /ɪnˈfɪɹ.i.ɚ/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: cartilage /ˈkɑɹ.təl.ɪd͡ʒ/, enlarge /ɪnˈlɑɹd͡ʒ/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: rib /ɹɪb/, radiate /ˈɹeɪdieɪt/, anterior /ænˈtɪɹ.i.ɚ/, diagram /ˈdaɪ.ə.ɡɹæm/, cartilage /ˈkɑɹ.təl.ɪd͡ʒ/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme appendix, rib, landmark.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.