Pratique du Shadowing: Why is it so Easy to be Thin in Japan? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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If you've ever been to Japan, you may have noticed that it's really hard to find an obese Japanese person.
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In the United States, it's quite a different story.
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The rate of obesity among adults in America is on average around 30%, whereas the Japan obesity rate is only 3 .5%.
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But what makes the weight of people in these two countries so different?
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Why Japanese people?
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At first, I was thinking about things like Japanese people drink a lot of green tea,
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and they get a decent amount of fermented foods like kimchi or natto, which is great for the gut microbiome.
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But in this video, I want to focus on a very simple yet key point about Japan.
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The food environment is drastically different from the U .S.
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As of 2017, there's over 243 ,000 fast food establishments in America.
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There's only 6 ,169 establishments in Japan, meaning per person, there's about 15 times more fast food restaurants in America.
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Then again, in Japan, fast food, fried food, chips, chocolate, candy, soda, and not -so -healthy things are still available wherever you go.
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But there's a huge variety of equally convenient, reasonably healthy food.
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Let's say I'm the average busy person in the States who would like to be healthy, but doesn't have time to cook at home.
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What's for breakfast?
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Most people's options are limited to things like a McGriddle with hash browns and coffee,
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or maybe an egg and processed cheese sandwich with tater tots at Dunkin' Donuts, or some pancakes at Denny's if you have more time.
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Surely some people will have healthier options than that, but I'm trying to think of what most people are going to have access to.
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So what's a quick breakfast in Japan?
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While there's more than 6 ,000 fast food establishments in Japan, there's also 5 ,000 rice bowl establishments.
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The big ones are Yoshinoya, Sukiya, and Matsuya.
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And for $4 at Sukiya, for breakfast you can get plain rice, miso soup with seaweed, an egg,
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baked fish, and a small potato salad comes with it.
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If I'm extra hungry, maybe I'll add some kimchi, fermented soybeans, and stewed beef for $4.
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Or you can put together a reasonably healthy meal from a convenience store.
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At a Japanese convenience store, I can get a rice ball, which is just rice, salmon, and salt, a small salad, or a package of sushi,
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or a thing of fish with miso, or some soup.
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I was pretty impressed with how little junk is in this.
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It's basically just vegetables, pork, and fish broth.
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And there's a bunch of foods like this.
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Here's what I can get for under $10 USD.
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Compare this to what's available in American convenience stores.
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They're usually limited to fried foods sitting under heat lamps, or foods loaded with trans fats, sugar, preservatives, and unhealthy additives.
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If you're lucky, you might be able to get a package of plain nuts with nothing added.
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So the items in Japanese convenience stores are not top quality health foods, but they're not bad.
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This is big because practically everyone has access to these places.
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Convenience stores like these are everywhere.
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Japan has about 55 ,000 convenience stores, meaning there's about 10 times more convenience stores per square kilometer better in Japan compared to America.
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For most, these places are in walking distance.
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I understand that of course there are healthy restaurants here
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and there in America and you can make a really healthy meal with ingredients from the supermarket.
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But when it comes to cheap, convenient and quick food, it's almost always quite unhealthy.
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In Japan, for a quick lunch I can go to Burger King or right next door I can get some sushi.
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I can get a hamburger and some popcorn at Vandalism Cafe,
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or I can go next door to Matsuya and get a bowl of spicy tofu soup with a bit of beef,
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green onion and cabbage, some pork, a soft boiled egg, some mustard spinach, rice, and there's free pickled ginger to go with it.
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And of course, there are many healthier non -chain places that offer many different types of cuisine.
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And this variety is important.
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It's going to be much easier to stick to healthier options
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if you aren't getting bored of having to eat the same things at the same places over and over.
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Even if you're going out to drink with friends at dinner time, there's still a variety of good food choices.
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The standard place to drink at is an izakaya.
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At 10 ,000 establishments, there's almost twice as many izakayas as there are fast food places in Japan.
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Replacing fast food for alcohol is not a good strategy, but let's see what the common izakaya chains have to offer in the way of food.
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Let me point out one more time that there's of course much better quality food than what you get at convenience stores,
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rice bowl chains, or izakayas, and this is not what most Japanese people eat on a daily basis.
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I'm not really recommending these places either, most Japanese people wouldn't think of these places as healthy.
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But This isn't about optimal health, I just mean to point out
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that even someone who puts minimal effort into being healthy can get some reasonable quality meals out of these very convenient places.
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By the way, what's everyone drinking with and between meals?
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In America, more often than not, it's soda, considering a survey of 80 countries found
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that America comes in at rank number 1 for soda consumption at 170 liters purchased per person in 2011.
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7 -Eleven Japan came in at rank 56, at 32 liters per person.
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In Japan, most places serve tea with your meal for free, and in general it's harder to purchase massive quantities of soda.
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There's no comically large big gulps at 7 -Eleven, I haven't seen these packs of soda here,
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and Japan has the smallest large cup size at McDonald's.
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An American medium -sized drink is bigger than a Japanese large charge.
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Another factor to thank for keeping people's soda intake low is again, variety.
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What's interesting is despite
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Japan drinking 5 times less soda than America, soda is available in vending machines everywhere in Japan.
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There's 5 .52 million vending machines, meaning there's a vending machine for every 23 people in Japan.
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That's the highest vending machine per capita on the planet.
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So what's in these vending machines?
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Why don't we take a look at this vending machine
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I came across on the side of the road in the middle of nowhere in Hakone.
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Among other things, they have black coffee, six different types of unsweetened tea, and water.
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A typical American vending machine offers 13 varieties of drink, the only non -sweet one being water.
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So, convenience and variety.
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Simple, but it makes a difference.
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It's easier to pick the healthy choices when they are just as easy and convenient as the unhealthier choices.
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Now, this is by no means the full story on Japan and health, but I think these are two key factors.
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I'll be doing another video on some of the many other things that contribute to health in Japan,
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so if there's a particular point you want to hear discussed, leave a comment below.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « Why is it so Easy to be Thin in Japan? ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : Japan, healthy, convenience, soda, Japanese. Cette vidéo contient 59 phrases et 1188 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 6:55. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 172 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 80 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| convenience nom | /kənˈvinjəns/ | convenance |
| soda nom | /ˈsoʊdə/ | carbonate de soude, soude |
| meal nom | /ˈmiːl/ | repas |
| establishment nom | /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ.mənt/ | établissement |
| convenient adjectif | /kənˈviː.niənt/ | commode, pratique |
| soup nom | /sup/ | potage, soupe |
| unhealthy adjectif | /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/ | malsain, mauvais pour la santé |
| package nom | /ˈpæk.ɪd͡ʒ/ | paquet, paquetage |
| compare verbe | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | comparer |
| rank nom | /ˈɹæŋk/ | rangée |
| plain nom | /pleɪn/ | plaine |
| salad nom | /ˈsæl.əd/ | salade |
| reasonably adverbe | /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/ | raisonnablement |
| fry verbe | /fɹaɪ/ | faire frire |
| obesity nom | /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/ | obésité |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| point out verbe | pointer |
| come across verbe | avoir l'air de |
| put together verbe | assembler |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | natto, which is · ball, which is · someone who puts |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | you've ever been · haven't seen |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 17 contractions et formes réduites, comme I'm, I'll, they're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/, broth /bɹɔθ/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: establishment /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ.mənt/, sushi /ˈsuːʃi/, translation /tɹænzˈleɪʃən/, consumption /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: establishment /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ.mənt/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, obesity /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/, practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/, hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/, whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, nowhere /ˈnoʊ.(h)wɛɹ/, wherever /(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: package /ˈpæk.ɪd͡ʒ/, chip /t͡ʃɪp/, sandwich /ˈsæn(d).wɪd͡ʒ/, junk /d͡ʒʌŋk/, vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: rank /ˈɹæŋk/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, fry /fɹaɪ/, hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/, whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme convenience, soda, meal.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.