Pratique du Shadowing: Why we all need subtitles now - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Choisissez un mode d'entraînement
Chaque mode ouvre une salle d'entraînement en plein écran.
136 phrases
Si les phrases sont trop courtes ou trop longues, cliquez sur Edit pour les ajuster.
1
I watch a lot of movies in TV.
2
On the train, at home, at the movies, while doing dishes.
3
But no matter where I'm watching, I find myself constantly doing this one thing.
4
I'd like to always be more.
5
What?
6
I'd like to always be more.
7
What?
8
I'd like to always be more.
9
Ugh.
10
I'd like to always be more.
11
Oh no. It turns out this isn't unusual.
12
We polled our YouTube audience and about 57% of people said
13
that they feel like they can't understand the dialogue and the things that they watch unless they're using subtitles.
14
But it feels like this hasn't always been the case.
15
So to figure out what was going on, I made a call.
16
Hi, my name is Austin Olivia Kendrick.
17
I'm a professional dialogue editor for film and TV.
18
I basically perform audio surgery on actors' words.
19
Do you watch it subtitles?
20
I do actually.
21
I do a lot of the time.
22
So why do you think that we all feel like we need subtitles now?
23
I get asked this question all the time.
24
All the time.
25
It's something that is, it doesn't have a simple straightforward answer.
26
It's very layered and very complex.
27
And after talking to Austin for almost two hours, it's true.
28
It's a very layered and complex topic.
29
But everything kept pointing back to one main thing.
30
Technology that got us from this… I'll get you!
31
You should be kissed enough!
32
No origin, no what has happened to your last… To this… I just forgot a little slim-wasted.
33
Well we better put our hat down!
34
Let's start with microphones.
35
I'm gonna use this clip from Singin' in the Rain to show how mics used to work.
36
Here's the mic, you talk towards it.
37
The sound goes through the cable to the box.
38
A man records it on a big record in wax."
39
This scene illustrates some of the difficulties and intricacies of early sound recording.
40
Mics were big, bulky, temperamental, and required creative solutions to be hidden.
41
They were wired and recorded onto hard memory, like wax and eventually tape.
42
No matter how many actors were in a scene, all sound got recorded to one track,
43
so performers had to be diligently focused and facing a certain angle so that their words could be picked up.
44
Otherwise, you couldn't hear a thing.
45
But technology's improved to the point where microphones don't impede performance as much anymore.
46
They've become better, smaller, wireless, and we use more of them to ensure that performances get captured.
47
What we typically are working with from production dialogue is two boom microphones
48
and then every actor has at least one lavalier microphone hidden somewhere on them.
49
These shrinking mics have given actors the flexibility to be more naturalistic in their performances.
50
They no longer need to project so that their words reach the mic.
51
They can speak softly knowing that the tiny mic hidden on their body will pick up what they're saying.
52
And my personal favorite example of this performance shift is Alec Baldwin on 30 Rock.
53
In a 2011 speech slash roast, Tina Fey says that he speaks so quietly that she can't hear him when she's standing next to him.
54
And then you play the film back and it's there somehow.
55
Just listen to this whisper off between him and Will Arnett.
56
I'm not afraid of you.
57
Yeah.
58
Well, you should be.
59
Let's just see how it all shakes out in the meeting.
60
Naturalism isn't always the best for intelligibility though.
61
Take Tom Hardy, an actor that I personally love but who famously is a mumbler.
62
Your ass is still be fomking around in the story right now if it wasn't for me.
63
I mean, the mic picked that line up fine.
64
Like we can definitely hear that he's talking, he's saying something.
65
But once that mumble gets recorded, it's onto a dialogue editor's shoulder to make it as intelligible as possible.
66
that was a lot harder when everything was analog.
67
While you could pick the best takes and physically spice them together, if some piece of dialogue was truly impossible to understand,
68
then actors will come in and re-record those specific lines in a process called ADR,
69
or Automated Dialogue Replacement, which you can see Meryl Streep do in this scene from Postcards from the Edge.
70
There's enough money in the world for a cause like yours.
71
That still gets done today, but...
72
ADR also costs money because you're not only paying for the actor's time, you're paying for the engineer's time and then the editor's time.
73
So we try to do ADR, frankly, as little as possible.
74
And so a lot of her job is making words sound better.
75
The show I'm currently working on, I remember in the middle of this one word, there was just this loud metal clang that I couldn't remove.
76
So I had to go in and I had to find an alternate take of it that fit, and then I had to fit it to the movement of her mouth in that moment, and then push it in.
77
And once she's done with it, it's sent off to a mixer, who works to make sure the frequencies of the sound effects and music don't overlap with the frequencies of the human voice,
78
something that's only possible now that the world has moved away from tape and into digital recordings.
79
That is a big challenge, carving out those frequencies, that space,
80
amongst every other element of the mix for the dialogue to be able to punch through
81
and not be all muddied up by any other sounds that exist in that band of frequencies.
82
But even with all that work, lines of dialogue can still be hard to understand.
83
The kind of feeling has been if you want your movie to feel quote-unquote cinematic,
84
you have to have wall-to-wall bombastic loud sound.
85
A lot of people will ask like, why don't you just turn the dialogue up?
86
Like just turn it up and the...
87
If only it was that simple.
88
Because a big thing that we want to preserve is a concept called dynamic range.
89
The range between your quietest sound and your loudest sound.
90
If you have your dialogue that's going to be at the same volume as an explosion that immediately follows it, the explosion is not gonna feel as big.
91
You need that contrast in volume in order to give your ear a sense of scale.
92
But the thing is, you can only make something so loud before it gets distorted.
93
So if you want to create that wide dynamic range, you have no choice but to push those quieter sounds lower, instead of pushing the louder sounds louder.
94
So, explosions go up and dialogue comes down.
95
Which brings us to the Christopher Nolan of it all.
96
A separate structure within the other staff.
97
What is that after you, right?
98
We're kicking out of orbit!
99
Nearly every film of his has been criticized for its hard-to-hear dialogue that essentially begs for subtitles.
100
But as this headline explains, he likes it that way.
101
According to an interview in a book called The Nolan Variations, he said that he gets a lot of complaints, even from other filmmakers, who would say,
102
I just saw your film and the dialogue is inaudible.
103
The truth was, it was kind of the whole enchilada of how we had chosen to mix it.
104
And in his 2017 interview with IndieWire, he said, we made the decision a couple of films ago that we weren't going to mix films for substandard theaters.
105
And this is kind of the crux of the matter.
106
The content that we watch here and here and here is not mixed for us primarily.
107
Re-recording mixers mix for the widest surround sound format that is available.
108
Typically like big release films, that is Dolby Atmos, which has true 3D sound up to 128 channels.
109
The thing is, if you're not at a movie theater that can showcase the best sound Hollywood has to offer, you can't experience all of those channels.
110
So after the movie is mixed for the 128 Atmos tracks,
111
somebody has to create a separate version of the film's audio where all those same sounds live on one, or two, or five tracks.
112
This is called down mixing.
113
Down mixing is the process of taking that biggest mix and folding it down into formats with lesser channels available to it.
114
So say Atmos down to 7.1 or 7.1 down to 5.1 or 5.1 down to stereo, stereo down to mono.
115
Unlike old TVs that were gigantic and had a ton of space for speakers, TVs today are super thin.
116
Like this one that I have in my living room is about the same thickness as my iPhone.
117
So even though it's outputting the same mono or stereo sound that an older TV might,
118
it's still going to sound worse because you have to have tiny little speakers to fit into this tiny sleek form factor.
119
These tiny speakers are also usually on the back of the TV, so the down mix version of this movie
120
that went from 128 channels down to just two is going to sound even muddier when it's pointing away from you.
121
And when you're watching on your phone or a laptop, it's generally not much better.
122
When you combine not great speakers, naturalistic mumbly performances, dynamic range featuring bombastic sounds over dialogue and a flattened mix,
123
it's no wonder we have trouble hearing what's going on.
124
And it seems like the industry knows this because TVs today are shipping with all kinds of settings built in, like this intelligence mode.
125
You can put on active voice amplification in hopes of making that dialogue track come through just a little bit clearer.
126
But of course that's more band-aid than it is solution.
127
The way movies get mixed likely isn't going to revert back to super pristine dialogue.
128
So the solutions we have are one, buy better speakers and only go to theaters that have impeccable sound.
129
Two, take a chill pill
130
and try to just worry a little bit less about picking up every single word that gets said, or three, just keep the subtitles on.
131
For people who are deaf or hard of hearing, subtitles make movies and TV shows accessible,
132
and this accessibility has just expanded in recent years.
133
Laws have been passed to ensure that movie theaters have at least a few screenings weak with captions.
134
Pretty much every streaming service has standardized them,
135
and speech recognition technology has made them accessible in pretty much every YouTube video and TikTok.
136
Plus they're super easy to toggle on and off.
Télécharger l'application
Tout pour parler couramment
Prononciation IAChaque phrase notée
Phonétique (IPA)Maîtrisez chaque son
VocabulaireEnrichissez votre lexique
Jeu de vocabulaireApprenez en jouant
Même chaîne
C11
How Democrats swept the midterms
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Why no aquarium has a great white shark
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Inside the secret race to build artificial intelligence | The Gray Area
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
How to be less neurotic | The Gray Area
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
We’re already using AI more than we realize
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
The Ticketmaster monopoly is over, now what?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
The biggest peach myth in America
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B28
How to solve problems like a designer
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
The origin of the '80s aesthetic
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B217
Why “Buy one, get one free” isn’t a great deal
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
How F1 drivers survive their own cars
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
White, pink, and brown noise, explained #shorts
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B210
Why 350°F is the magic number for baking
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
Why "pop-up" restaurants are everywhere now
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C13
How China is designing flood-resistant cities
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
The real reason Boeing's new plane crashed twice
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C12
Putin's war on Ukraine, explained
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C12
The Israel-Palestine conflict: a brief, simple history
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
Why AI art struggles with hands
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
Why is everything getting so expensive?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
FOR YOU
Vidéo recommandée
C11
450 phrases
How to Speak so That People Want to Listen - Julian Treasure
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
113 phrases
Why More People Are Using Subtitles While Watching TV, Movies
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1165 phrases
Recording Sound for Film — How to Get Pristine Audio for Film
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C119 phrases
Why is the English Language So Standardized — Ocean Vuong
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2130
30 phrases
SEtalk: Your Accent Is Not a Mistake
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1327 phrases
C1 ENGLISH LISTENING PRACTICE
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
154 phrases
Why your best work happens when you stop taking it too seriously
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
422 phrases
20 Minutes of REAL English Listening Practice 👂 - Native Conversation with New Vocab! S1E6 (B2-C1)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B26
184 phrases
Why You Can't Understand English Movies (And How to Fix It)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
C18
44 phrases
The Real Secret to English Fluency
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B121
29 phrases
Subtitles On or Off? Learning English from Films
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
409 phrases
I think AI slop is about to trigger a renaissance, actually
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Why we all need subtitles now ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : sound, dialogue, movie, mic, mix. Cette vidéo contient 136 phrases et 1792 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 10:42. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 168 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. 82 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| subtitle nom | /ˈsʌbtaɪtəl/ | sous-titre |
| microphone nom | /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfəʊn/ | microphone |
| stereo nom | /ˈstɛəɹ.i.oʊ/ | chaîne hi-fi |
| bombastic adjectif | /bɑmˈbæs.tɪk/ | ampoulé, boursouflé |
| mixer nom | /ˈmɪksə(ɹ)/ | batte-beurre, mixeur |
| mononucleosis nom | /ˌmɑnoʊnukliˈoʊsɪs/ | mononucléose |
| muddy adjectif | /ˈmʌdi/ | boueux, vaseux |
| diligently adverbe | /ˈdɪlɪd͡ʒ(ə)ntli/ | diligemment |
| distort verbe | /dɪsˈtɔːt/ | déformer, distordre |
| flatten verbe | /ˈflæ.tən/ | aplatir |
| impeccable adjectif | /ɪmˈpɛkəbəl/ | impeccable |
| impede verbe | /ɪmˈpiːd/ | entraver |
| inaudible adjectif | inaudible | |
| intelligibility nom | /ɪnˌtɛl.ə.d͡ʒəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ | intelligibilité |
| intelligible adjectif | /ɪnˈtɛləd͡ʒəbəl/ | intelligible |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| pick up verbe | soulever |
| come down verbe | descendre, tomber |
| figure out verbe | cerner |
| go through verbe | traverser |
| go up verbe | monter, s'élever |
| turn out verbe | se finir, se terminer |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- I'd like to always be more.
- Do you watch it subtitles?
- Technology that got us from this… I'll get you!
- Here's the mic, you talk towards it.
- Otherwise, you couldn't hear a thing.
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | hasn't always been · has happened · They've become |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | should be kissed · be hidden · were wired |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | Atmos, which has · people who are |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 36 contractions et formes réduites, comme I'm, I'd, you're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: amplification /ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, caption /ˈkæp.ʃən/, showcase /ˈʃoʊˌkeɪs/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: mononucleosis /ˌmɑnoʊnukliˈoʊsɪs/, amplification /ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, diligently /ˈdɪlɪd͡ʒ(ə)ntli/, enchilada /ˌɛn.t͡ʃɪˈlɑ.də/, impeccable /ɪmˈpɛkəbəl/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: whisper /ˈ(h)wɪspɚ/, headline /ˈhɛd.laɪn/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: diligently /ˈdɪlɪd͡ʒ(ə)ntli/, enchilada /ˌɛn.t͡ʃɪˈlɑ.də/, intelligibility /ɪnˌtɛl.ə.d͡ʒəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, intelligible /ɪnˈtɛləd͡ʒəbəl/, gigantic /d͡ʒaɪˈɡæntɪk/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: microphone /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfəʊn/, stereo /ˈstɛəɹ.i.oʊ/, mixer /ˈmɪksə(ɹ)/, intricacy /ˈɪn.tɹɪ.kə.si/, lavalier /ˌlæv.əˈlɪɹ/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme subtitle, microphone, stereo.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.