Shadowing Practice: Indigo Class 12 animation in English - Learn English Speaking with Video
בחר מצב תרגול
כל מצב פותח חדר תרגול במסך מלא.
205 משפטים
אם המשפטים קצרים או ארוכים מדי, לחץ על ערוך כדי להתאים אותם.
1
When I first visited Gandhi in 1942 at his ashram in Sevigaram,
2
he said, I will tell you how it happened that I decided to urge the departure of the British.
3
It was in 1917.
4
He had gone to the December 1916 annual meeting of the Indian National Congress in Lucknow.
5
There were 2,301 representatives and many visitors.
6
A peasant came up to me.
7
He said, I am Rajkumar Shukra.
8
I am from Champaran, and I want you to come to my district.
9
Gandhi had never heard of that place.
10
It was in the foothills of the Himalayas.
11
At that time, the Champaran peasants were sharecroppers.
12
Means, they got only a share of the crops.
13
Rajkumar was one of them.
14
He was illiterate, but determined.
15
He had come to the Congress session to complain about the injustice of the landlord system in Bihar,
16
and somebody probably had suggested him to go to Gandhi.
17
Rajkumar, I have an appointment in Karnapur, and I also have to go to other parts of India.
18
I'll accompany you.
19
The peasant accompanied him everywhere.
20
At last, Gandhi returned to the ashram near Ahmedabad.
21
Rajkumar followed him to his ashram.
22
For weeks, he stayed there.
23
Fix a date.
24
Gandhi was impressed by his determination.
25
I have to be in Calcutta on such and such a date.
26
Come and meet me and take me from there.
27
Months passed.
28
When Gandhi arrived at the appointment in Calcutta, he waited till Gandhi was free.
29
Then, they both boarded a train for the city of Patna in Bihar.
30
There, Rajkumar led him to the house of a lawyer named Rajendra Prasad.
31
Yes, the one who later became the first president of India.
32
He was out of the town.
33
But the servants knew Rajkumar as a poor landlord, who disturbed Rajendra Prasad to help the indigo sharecroppers.
34
So they let him and his companion Gandhi to stay there.
35
But they thought of Gandhi to be another peasant.
36
Gandhi was not permitted to draw water from the well.
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They didn't know if he was untouchable or not.
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If he were, some drops from his bucket could pollute the entire source.
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Gandhi decided to go to Musafarpur, which was on the way to Chaparren,
40
to obtain more complete information about the conditions.
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He sent a telegram to Professor J.
42
B. Kripalaini of the Arts College in Musafarpur.
43
The train reached at midnight on the 15th of April, 1917.
44
At the station, Kripalani was standing with a large group of boys.
45
Gandhi stayed there for two days. Where?
46
In the home of Professor Malkani, a teacher in a government school.
47
It was an extraordinary thing in those days for a government professor to give shelter to a man like me.
48
But Professor Morghany let me stay.
49
The news of Gandhi's arrival spread quickly through Musa Farper, and also to Chaparren.
50
Sharecroppers from Chaparren and lawyers of Musa Farper met him.
51
The lawyers frequently fought cases in the court for the peasants.
52
They told him about their cases, and reported the size of their fee.
53
You shouldn't collect such big fee from the sharecroppers.
54
I have come to the conclusion that we should stop going law courts.
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Taking such cases to the law courts does no good.
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Where the peasants are so crushed and fear-stricken, law courts are useless.
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The real relief for them is to be free from fear.
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The cropland in Chaparren was divided into large estates owned by Englishmen and worked by Indian peasants.
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The chief commercial crop was indigo.
60
The landlords forced them to plant three-twentieths of their land, that is, 15% of their land with indigo,
61
and give all the indigo harvest as rent.
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Then, the landlords came to know that Germany had developed synthetic indigo.
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Indigo plantation was not profitable anymore.
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Now, the peasants had to pay them compensation for being released from the 15% system.
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The sherry-cropping arrangement was troublesome to the peasants, still, many agreed.
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Those who opposed, were tortured by thugs, hired by the landlords.
67
Meanwhile, the information about synthetic indigo reached illiterate peasants.
68
Now they wanted their money back.
69
At this point, Gandhi arrived in Chaparren.
70
He began by trying to get the facts.
71
First, he visited the secretary of the British Landlords Association.
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We can't give information to an outsider.
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I am not an outsider.
74
Next, he went to the British official commissioner of the Tearhut Division.
75
Chaparim District laid in the Tearhut Division.
76
The commissioner began to frighten me and advised me to leave Tearhut.
77
He didn't leave.
78
Instead, he proceeded to Motohari, the capital of Champurin.
79
At the station, a huge crowd greeted him.
80
He went to a house, and using it as headquarters, continued his investigations.
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A report came in that a peasant had been maltreated in a village nearby.
82
Gandhi decided to go and see.
83
The next morning, he started out on the back of an elephant.
84
On the way, a messenger of the police superintendent ordered him to return to his town.
85
Gandhi obeyed.
86
He was served a notice to leave Jamparin immediately.
87
Gandhi signed a receipt for the notice and wrote on it that he would disobey the order.
88
Because of this, Gandhi received a court's order to appear in the court next day.
89
All night, he remained awake.
90
He telegraphed Rajendra to come with his influential friends.
91
He sent instructions to the ashram.
92
He wired a full report to the viceroy.
93
The next morning, thousands of peasants demonstrated to support Gandhi.
94
Their demonstration around the courthouse was the beginning of their liberation from fear of the British.
95
The officials felt helpless.
96
Gandhi helped to control the crowd.
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He was polite and friendly.
98
The government was baffled.
99
The government's advocate requested the judge to postpone the trial.
100
Gandhi protested against the delay.
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He made the statement.
102
obey the higher law of our being, the voice of inner being.
103
I accept my fault.
104
I will pronounce the sentence after a two-hour recess.
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You have to present your bail for those two hours.
106
Bail means security for release.
107
I can't give any bail.
108
The judge released him without a bail.
109
When the court was reconvened after two hours, he said, I will not deliver any judgment for some days.
110
For that period, Gandhi will remain in liberty.
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Rajendra, Bri Kisarabu, Maulana Mazurul, and several other lawyers had arrived.
112
They discussed with Gandhi.
113
What would you do if I were sentenced to prison?
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The senior lawyer said.
115
We had come to advise and help you.
116
If you went to jail, there would be nobody to advise, and we would go home.
117
What about the injustice to the sharecroppers?
118
After the consultations, Rajendra concluded.
119
They thought, amongst themselves, that Gandhi was totally a stranger.
120
He was prepared to go to prison for the sake of peasants.
121
They are being not only residents of the nearby districts, but also those who have claimed to help the peasants.
122
If they should go home, it would be a shameful leaving.
123
They all went back to Gandhi and told him that if he would be sentenced to prison in the next trial, they were ready to follow him into jail.
124
Seeing their cooperation, he exclaimed, The Battle of Champaran is won.
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He took a piece of paper and divided the group into pairs
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and put down the arrangement in which each pair would surrender in the court.
127
Several days later, Gandhi received a letter from the magistrate informing him
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that the lieutenant governor had ordered the case to be dropped.
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Civil disobedience had triumphed, first time in modern India.
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Now, Gandhi and the lawyers began to conduct investigation into the complaints of the peasants.
131
Evidences by about 10,000 peasants were written down.
132
Documents were collected.
133
The whole area trembled by the activity of investigators and violent protests of the landlords.
134
In June, Gandhi was summoned to Sir Edward Gate, the lieutenant governor.
135
Summon means to order to be present.
136
Before going to him, Gandhi met the leading companions, and again detailed plans for civil disobedience.
137
If he shouldn't return, there, he had four interviews with the lieutenant governor.
138
As a result, the lieutenant governor appointed an official commission of inquiry into the Indigo sharecropper's situation.
139
The commission consisted of landlords, government officials,
140
and Gandhi as the only representative of the peasants he remained in chaperon for straight seven months
141
and then again for some shorter visits the visit undertaken casually
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because of the request of a peasant in the expectation
143
that it would last a few days occupied almost a year
144
of gandhi's life the official inquiry collected a mountain of evidence against the big landlords when they saw this,
145
they agreed to make refunds to the peasants.
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But how much must we pay?
147
They thought he would demand repayment in full of the money which they had illegally and forcefully taken from the sharecroppers.
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50%!
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Jay Z.
150
Hodge, a British missionary, wrote on this event.
151
There, Gandhi seemed fixed.
152
Thinking that he would not surrender, the representative of the landlords offered to return to extent of 25%.
153
And to his amazement, Mr. Gandhi agreed, thus breaking the confusion.
154
The amount of refund is less important than the fact that the landlords were forced to surrender part of their money, and with it, part of their honor.
155
Therefore, as far as the peasants are concerned, the landlords have behaved as lords above law.
156
Now, the The pesant can see that he have rights.
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He has learned courage.
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Events proved Gandhi's position.
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Within a few years, the British landlords abandoned their estates, which were given back to the peasants.
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Indigo sherry cropping disappeared.
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Gandhi never satisfied himself with large political or economic solutions.
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He saw the cultural and social backwardness in the Champurin villages, and wanted to do something immediately.
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Mahadev Desai, and Nairhari Parikh, two young men who had just joined Gandhi as disciples, with their wives, offered for the work.
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Several more came from Bombay, Pune and other parts.
165
Gandhi's wife Kastrabi, with her son, Devadas, also arrived from the Ashram.
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Primary schools were opened in six villages.
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Castor Bai taught the ashram rules on personal cleanliness and community sanitation.
168
Health conditions were miserable.
169
Gandhi got a doctor to provide services for six months.
170
Three medicines were available castor oil, quinine, and sulfur ointment.
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Anybody who showed a coated tongue was given castor oil.
172
Anybody with malaria fever was given quinine plus castor oil.
173
Anybody with skin rashes was given sulfur ointment plus castor oil.
174
Gandhi noticed the dirty state of women's clothes.
175
He asked castor by to talk to them about it.
176
One woman took her into her hut and said, Look, there is no box or cover here for clothes.
177
The sari I'm wearing is the only one I have.
178
During his long stay in Chaparren, Gandhi kept a remote watch on his ashram.
179
He sent regular instructions and asked for financial accounts.
180
Once he wrote to the residents that it was time to fill in the old latrine gutters and dig new ones.
181
Otherwise, the old ones would begin to smell bad.
182
The Chaparren episode was a turning point in Gandhi's life.
183
What I did was a very ordinary thing.
184
I declared that the British could not order me about in my own country.
185
Chaparren did not begin as an act of disobedience.
186
Rather, it grew out of an effort to remove the trouble of large numbers of poor peasants.
187
This was the typical Gandhi method.
188
His politics were mixed up with the practical, day-to-day problems of the millions.
189
He was not a loyalty to imaginary things.
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He was loyal to living, human beings.
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In everything he did, he tried to make a new free Indian, who could stand on his own feet, and thus, make India free.
192
Early in Chaperin Action, C.F.
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Andrews, the English pacifist, Pacifist means, one who is against wars.
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who had become his follower, came to meet Gandhi before going to the Fiji Islands.
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Gandhi's lawyer friends thought it would be a good idea for Andrews to stay in Chaparron and help them.
196
Andrews was willing if Gandhi agreed, but Gandhi opposed.
197
He said to the lawyers, You think, in this unequal fight, it will be helpful if we have an Englishman on our side?
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This shows the weakness of your heart.
199
The cause is fair, and you must rely on yourself to win the battle.
200
You must not see a support in Mr. Andrews, because he is an Englishman.
201
Rajendra Prasad comments.
202
He had read our minds correctly, and we had no reply.
203
Gandhi, in this way, taught us a lesson in self-reliance.
204
Self-reliance, Indian independence, and help to sharecroppers, were all bound together.
205
you
הורד אפליקציה
כל מה שאתה צריך כדי לדבר בשטף
הגיית AIציון לכל משפט
תרגול IPAשלוט בכל צליל
אוצר מיליםבנה את מאגר המילים שלך
משחק אוצר מיליםלמד תוך כדי משחק
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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה B2 מבוסס על הסרטון “Indigo Class 12 animation in English”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: Gandhi, peasant, landlord, indigo, Chaparren. בסרטון הזה יש 204 משפטים ו-2118 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 16:15. הדובר שומר על קצב יציב של כ-130 מילים בדקה, קצב נוח לתרגול Shadowing. רק 77% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית, כך שאוצר המילים מאתגר.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| indigo שם עצם | /ˈɪndɪˌɡoʊ/ | אינדיגו |
| bail שם עצם | /beɪl/ | ערבות |
| crop שם עצם | /kɹɑp/ | יבול |
| disobedience שם עצם | /dɪs.əˈbiː.dɪəns/ | אי־ציות |
| surrender פועל | /səˈɹɛndə(ɹ)/ | נכנע |
| illiterate שם תואר | /ɪˈlɪtəɹət/ | אַנְאַלְפָבֵּית, אֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ צוּרַת א׳ |
| ointment שם עצם | /ˈɔɪn(t)m(ə)nt/ | מִשְׁחָה |
| pacifist שם עצם | /ˈpæsɪfɪst/ | פַּצִיפִיסט |
| quinine שם עצם | /ˈkwaɪ.naɪn/ | כִּינִין |
| sulfur שם עצם | /ˈsʌl.fə/ | גָּפְרִית |
| summon פועל | /ˈsʌmən/ | זִמֵּן |
| refund שם עצם | /ɹɪˈfʌnd/ | הֶחְזֵר |
| divide פועל | /dɪˈvaɪd/ | חילק, פיצל |
| instruction שם עצם | /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/ | הוראה |
| cleanliness שם עצם | /ˈklɛn.li.nᵻs/ | ניקיון |
Phrasal verbs שתשמעו
| מילה | משמעות |
|---|---|
| write down פועל | רָשַׁם |
משפטים שכדאי לחזור עליהם
משפטים קצרים ושלמים מהסרטון שאפשר להשתמש בהם בשיחה יומיומית:
- You shouldn't collect such big fee from the sharecroppers.
- We can't give information to an outsider.
- I can't give any bail.
- What would you do if I were sentenced to prison?
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| משפטי תנאי (Conditional sentences) if + clause, will/would + verb — תנאי ותוצאה שלו | If you went to jail, there would be · If they should go home, it would be |
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | was impressed · was not permitted · was divided |
| משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר | one who later · Musafarpur, which was · Those who opposed |
| הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו | have come · have claimed · have behaved |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-8 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו can't, didn't, shouldn't. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- הצלילים של “th”: synthetic /sɪnˈθɛtɪk/, twentieth /ˈtwɛn.ti.əθ/
- הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: sherry /ˈʃɛɹi/, instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/, chaperon /ˈʃæ.pəˌɹoʊn/, shameful /ˈʃeɪmfəl/, sanitation /ˌsænɪˈteɪʃən/
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: disobedience /dɪs.əˈbiː.dɪəns/, illiterate /ɪˈlɪtəɹət/, accompany /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/, untouchable /ʌnˈtʌtʃəbəl/, sanitation /ˌsænɪˈteɪʃən/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /w/ — שפתיים מעוגלות, לא /v/: quinine /ˈkwaɪ.naɪn/, unequal /ʌnˈiːkwəl/, twentieth /ˈtwɛn.ti.əθ/, awake /əˈweɪk/, weakness /ˈwik.nɪs/
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: landlord /ˈlæn(d).lɔɹd/, castor /ˈkæs.tɚ/, pacifist /ˈpæsɪfɪst/, companion /kəmˈpæn.jən/, baffle /ˈbæf(ə)l/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: landlord /ˈlæn(d).lɔɹd/, crop /kɹɑp/, surrender /səˈɹɛndə(ɹ)/, illiterate /ɪˈlɪtəɹət/, sherry /ˈʃɛɹi/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט במהירות רגילה, וחזרו על כל משפט עד שהקצב שלכם תואם את הדובר.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו indigo, bail, crop.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.