Shadowing Practice: ๐Ÿ”ฅThe Argus System - ฤแป thi IELTS LISTENING kรจm ฤ‘รกp รกn - transcript - Learn English Speaking with Video

ื‘ื—ืจ ืžืฆื‘ ืชืจื’ื•ืœ

ื›ืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืคื•ืชื— ื—ื“ืจ ืชืจื’ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืกืš ืžืœื.

57 ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื
ืื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืื• ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ืžื“ื™, ืœื—ืฅ ืขืœ ืขืจื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืื•ืชื.
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I would like to tell you how the Argus computerised photography system has helped marine researchers.
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Then I shall talk a bit about sand collecting.
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Well, Argus is the system Dr. Rob Holman developed
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when he was working at a research pier on the coast of North Carolina about 20 years ago.
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This pier stretches out over the water and it's the longest research pier in the world, with an observation tower on the end of it.
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The researchers there make precise measurements of how the sand moves about under the waves,
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This research is critical to the study of beach erosion in places where the coastline is being worn away.
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The Argus system helps to solve the difficulties encountered by these researchers.
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The system correlates the data from under the water with what Dr Holman gets from his fixed camera,
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which is mounted above the water on the pier and uses time -lapse photography.
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Some of Dr. Holman's results have changed the way people understand how sand moves.
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To quote S.
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Jeffries Williams, a coastal geologist with the United States Geological Survey, the system is "a critical piece of new technology."
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And the Argus system allows us to quantify
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and document visually the changes to the coast on a variety of different time frames.
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A lot of these take place when there is a storm, or at other times when it is difficult to have people out on the beach making observations and taking measurements.
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Up to now, Argus installations have been installed in places in Oregon, California, Hawaii, England, the Netherlands,
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Australia, New Zealand, Spain, Italy and Brazil, as well as in North Carolina.
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Now, I'd like to introduce Dr. Holman's sand collection.
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He started collecting sand in the 1980s and he still collects it now, even though he has around a thousand samples.
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They come from his travels and from geologists and amateurs all over the world.
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and the collection includes sand from each continent, including Antarctica.
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People send him sand in envelopes, plastic bags, paper towels and all sorts.
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Each is stored in a glass jar, which Dr. Holman labels by latitude and longitude of its origin.
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as well as he can work them out.
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Sometimes the information is a bit sketchy.
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Anyway, it's mainly geology students at the university who study his collection.
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and they can learn a lot from it.
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For instance, one set of tubes displays sand from the east coast of the US,
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so you can see that the sand gets lighter and finer from north to south.
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By the time a grain of sand eventually washes up on a beach in Florida, at the southern end of that journey, it has been battered by waves for a long time.
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So the grains are fine and rounded, because most of the time sand is not stationary on the beach.
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OK, so if you'd like to collect sand and maybe even send some to Dr. Holman, how should you go about it?
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Well, the list of equipment is very short and easy to find, but you should keep a supply when you're travelling,
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as you never know when you'll come across an interesting sand sample.
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One really handy thing for digging sand, especially if it's hard or frozen, is a spoon.
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"'It's perfect for that.' If you're travelling by air, it'll have to be plastic, but metal is preferable, as plastic tends to break.
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You need something to put the samples in that is damp proof and easy to carry.
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You can just use plastic bags, but you need to record the location and date on the bag, so you must also have a permanent marker with you,
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because you can never assume you will remember where you gathered a sample from later on, And you don't want it to rub off before you get home.
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And that's about all you need in the field to collect sound.
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When you get home, your samples should be logged in a notebook or computer.
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You need to note the location
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and be really specific as to exactly whereabouts on the beach you gathered your sample: low tide mark,
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under cliff area, etc. Then you store your sample.
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You want to keep everything in good condition and avoid contamination.
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So first you make absolutely sure that each sample is perfectly dry You don't need any complicated apparatus for this.
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You can just air it out on layers of newspaper, which is suitably absorbent.
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Most people find that's the best way.
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Then, lastly, but this is really important, before there can be any chance of confusing this later sample with another,
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you put it in a clean small bag or a jar and you must stick an identification label on straight away.
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Some people put one inside as well, in case the outer label falls off, but that's up to you.
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Well, that's about all you need to know to get started as a sand collector.
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Any questions?
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That is the end of section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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you

ื”ื•ืจื“ ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื”

ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื˜ืฃ

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ืชืจื’ื•ืœ IPAืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฆืœื™ืœ
ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ืื‘ื ื” ืืช ืžืื’ืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœืš
ืžืฉื—ืง ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ืืœืžื“ ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืžืฉื—ืง
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ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ื™ื” ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืจืžื” B2 ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ โ€œ๐Ÿ”ฅThe Argus System - ฤแป thi IELTS LISTENING kรจm ฤ‘รกp รกn - transcriptโ€. ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื”: sand, sample, Argus, beach, Holman. ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืฉ 57 ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•-847 ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœืชืจื’ื•ืœ Shadowing. ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื ืžืฉืš 6:05. ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ืงืฆื‘ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื›-139 ืžื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ืงื”, ืงืฆื‘ ื ื•ื— ืœืชืจื’ื•ืœ Shadowing. ืจืง 81% ืžื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ 3,000 ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื›ืš ืฉืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืžืืชื’ืจ.

ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”

15 ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ, ืขื ื”ื”ื’ื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืŸ:

ืžื™ืœื”ื”ื’ื™ื™ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช
pier ืฉื ืขืฆื/pษชษน/ืžึตื–ึทื—
geologist ืฉื ืขืฆื/dอกส’iหˆษ‘หlษ™dส’ษชst/ื’ืื•ืœื•ื’, ื’ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช
measurement ืฉื ืขืฆื/หˆmษ›ส’.ษ™.mษ™nt/ืžึฐื“ึดื™ื“ึธื”
observation ืฉื ืขืฆื/หŒษ‘bzษšหˆveษชสƒnฬฉ/ืชึทึผืฆึฐืคึดึผื™ืช, ืฆึฐืคึดื™ึธึผื”
grain ืฉื ืขืฆื/ษกษนeษชn/ื‘ึธึผืจ
latitude ืฉื ืขืฆื/หˆlรฆtษชtud/ืงึทื• ืจึนื—ึทื‘
damp ืฉื ืชื•ืืจ/หˆdรฆmp/ืœึทื—
confuse ืคื•ืขืœ/kษ™nหˆfjuหz/ื‘ืœื‘ืœ
contamination ืฉื ืขืฆื/kษ™nหŒtรฆm.ษ™หˆneษช.สƒษ™n/ืงื•ึนื ึฐื˜ึถืžึดื™ื ึถืฆึฐื™ึธื”
notebook ืฉื ืขืฆื/หˆnoสŠtหŒbสŠk/ืžึทื—ึฐื‘ึถึผืจึถืช, ื“ึดึผืคึฐืชึธึผืจ
geology ืฉื ืขืฆื/dอกส’ษชหˆษ’l.ษ™.dอกส’ษช/ื’ึตึผืื•ึนืœื•ึนื’ึฐื™ึธื”
apparatus ืฉื ืขืฆื/หŒรฆp.ษ™หˆษนeษช.tษ™s/ืžึทื›ึฐืฉึดืื™ืจ
envelope ืฉื ืขืฆื/หˆษ›nvษ™(หŒ)loสŠp/ืžึทืขึฒื˜ึธืคึธื”
spoon ืฉื ืขืฆื/spuหn/ื›ึทึผืฃ
collector ืฉื ืขืฆื/kษ™หˆlษ›k.tษš/ืืกืคืŸ, ืืกืคื ื™ืช

ื“ืงื“ื•ืง ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”

ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื”, ืขื ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื•ืช ืžื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ:

ืžื‘ื ื”ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ
ืกื‘ื™ืœ (Passive voice) be + past participle โ€” ื”ื“ื’ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”, ืœื ืขืœ ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื”being worn ยท is mounted ยท have been installed
ื”ื•ื•ื” ืžื•ืฉืœื (Present perfect) have/has + past participle โ€” ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืงืจืชื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื• ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•has helped ยท have changed ยท have been installed

ื”ื’ื™ื™ื” ืฉืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืืœื™ื”

ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘-8 ืงื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื•ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืžืงื•ืฆืจื•ืช, ื›ืžื• don't, you're, I'd. ืืžืจื• ืื•ืชื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืงืฆืจื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืื•ืชื.

  • ื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ โ€œshโ€ ื•-โ€œzhโ€: measurement /หˆmษ›ส’.ษ™.mษ™nt/, observation /หŒษ‘bzษšหˆveษชสƒnฬฉ/, stationary /หˆsteษชสƒษ™หŒnษ›ษนi/, erosion /ษชหˆษนษ™สŠส’ษ™n/, contamination /kษ™nหŒtรฆm.ษ™หˆneษช.สƒษ™n/
  • ืžื™ืœื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช โ€” ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืœื”ื˜ืขืžื”: geologist /dอกส’iหˆษ‘หlษ™dส’ษชst/, preferable /หˆpษนษ›f.(ษ™.)ษนษ™.b(ษ™)l/, stationary /หˆsteษชสƒษ™หŒnษ›ษนi/, visually /หˆvษชzju.ษ™li/, contamination /kษ™nหŒtรฆm.ษ™หˆneษช.สƒษ™n/

ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ืฉื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื:

  • /w/ โ€” ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืžืขื•ื’ืœื•ืช, ืœื /v/: quantify /หˆkwษ‘n.tษชหŒfaษช/, whereabouts /หŒ(h)wษ›ษ™ษนษ™หˆbaสŠts/
  • /รฆ/ โ€” ืคืชื•ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”-โ€œืึถโ€ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ืœื ื›ืžื• โ€œaโ€ ื‘-โ€œcupโ€: absorbent /รฆbหˆsษ”ษน.bnฬฉt/, batter /หˆbรฆtษ™/, latitude /หˆlรฆtษชtud/, damp /หˆdรฆmp/, lastly /หˆlรฆstli/
  • /r/ โ€” ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืœื ื ื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื, ืœื ื”-โ€œืจโ€ ื”ื’ืจื•ื ื™ืช: pier /pษชษน/, researcher /หˆษนiหŒsษ.tอกสƒษš/, grain /ษกษนeษชn/, absorbent /รฆbหˆsษ”ษน.bnฬฉt/, correlate /หˆkษ”ษนษ™leษชt/

ืื™ืš ืœืชืจื’ืœ ืขื ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”

  1. ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœื›ืœ ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ืจืฉืžื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืืชื ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื.
  2. ืชืจื’ืœื• Shadowing ืžืฉืคื˜ ืื—ืจ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืจื’ื™ืœื”, ื•ื—ื–ืจื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืขื“ ืฉื”ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ืชื•ืื ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจ.
  3. ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื ื•ื”ืฉื•ื• ืœืžืงื•ืจ, ืชื•ืš ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืœืžื™ืœื™ื ื›ืžื• pier, geologist, measurement.

ืžื”ื™ ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงืช ื”ืฉืื“ื•ืื™ื ื’?

ืฉืื“ื•ืื™ื ื’ ื”ื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงืช ืœืžื™ื“ืช ืฉืคื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืžื“ืข ืฉืคื•ืชื—ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื”ื›ืฉืจืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื’ืœื•ื˜ ื“"ืจ ืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจ ืืจื’ื•ืืœืก. ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืืš ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ืช: ืืชื” ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœืื•ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ืช ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืจื ืžื™ื“ โ€” ื›ืžื• ืฆืœ ื”ืขื•ืงื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขื ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ 1โ€“2 ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ืื–ื ื” ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืื• ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ ื“ืงื“ื•ืง, ืฉืื“ื•ืื™ื ื’ ืžื›ืจื™ื— ืืช ื”ืžื•ื— ื•ื”ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืคื” ืœืขื‘ื“ ื•ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืžืฉืคืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืืช ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื”ื’ื™ื™ื”, ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื•ื ืฆื™ื”, ื”ืงืฆื‘, ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ, ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ื•ืฉื˜ืฃ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ โ€” ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืื—ืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื›ื ื” ืœIELTS Speaking ื•ืœืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™.

ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงืช Shadowing: ืงืจื ืืช ื”ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื”ืžืœื ืฉืœื‘ ืื—ืจ ืฉืœื‘ โ†’