Shadowing Practice: The Science Behind An "Attractive Personality" - Learn English Speaking with Video
בחר מצב תרגול
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89 משפטים
אם המשפטים קצרים או ארוכים מדי, לחץ על ערוך כדי להתאים אותם.
1
Studies show that an attractive personality usually correlates with how good you look.
2
But you can make your personality attractive, even as an average guy.
3
To find out how, I followed the what, how, and why problem-solving framework.
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Number 1.
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What makes an attractive personality?
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Apparently that's the same question David Buss, an evolutionary psychologist, asked himself 22 years ago.
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So he gathered 10,000 people from 37 cultures and asked them, What are the most desirable traits in a partner?
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These were the answers.
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But then something clicked into my mind.
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From Machiavelli saying that a good leader must be both feared and loved, all the way to modern science,
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it was historically proven that competence and warmth are the universal signs of an attractive personality.
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So if we go back to our study, we can see that these traits show competence, while these traits show warmth.
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But showing competence is a tricky thing.
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In 2011, two researchers took 100 women and showed them two descriptions of the same person.
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Which do you think was perceived as more attractive?
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It's this one.
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It was rated more attractive because it showed prestige without brutal dominance.
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You see, dominance is correlated with anti-social behavior.
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Along the way, you upset people and make enemies.
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Prestige feels like you earned that status through hard work and diplomacy.
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But what about warmth?
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Well in 2020, it was proven that kindness is the most wanted quality in a romantic partner.
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Which makes sense because more kindness equals less long term fights.
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Yet a personality is not just about how competent and warm you are, it's also influenced by other stuff like your everyday occupation,
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hobbies, and personal values.
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I found studies for all of them.
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Apparently, the most attractive careers include firefighters, military personnel, and legal attorneys.
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On the other hand, the less attractive jobs are labor and hospitality.
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Apparently, even less attractive than being unemployed.
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But now let's talk about hobbies.
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In a huge survey made by Date Psychology, it was proven that these are the most attractive hobbies rated by women,
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while these are the most unattractive ones.
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Number 2.
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How do you make your personality attractive?
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The first way is to rephrase your own identity.
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What do you think is this guy's name?
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Well, 40% of people will choose Dan, which is his actual name.
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According to the Dorian Gray effect, when you hear a name, you'll automatically visualize a face and a set of traits.
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And when you meet a person with that name, you'll treat them according to your stereotype.
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But what's even crazier is that over time,
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it's likely that the person will change their personality and appearance based on how you and others treat them.
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Dan is a name for a simple average man.
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Others will treat him as such, so he will start to act as a simple, average man.
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Now you can't change your name, but you can change the other aspects, like the description of your job, to ensure you won't fit the negative stereotypes.
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Instead of saying that you're a fitness trainer, which can be associated with being dumb, shallow, and narcissistic, you can say something like,
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I help people become stronger and more confident in their bodies.
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Boom!
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You're associated with discipline, empathy, and leadership qualities.
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Instead of, I'm a video editor, which can be related to being nerdy and antisocial, you can say, I explain difficult topics using movie scenes and memes.
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Now, if you don't have a job or any hobby that you can rephrase, you can still become interesting.
51
What are the three first things that come into your head when you see Cristiano Ronaldo.
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Soccer player, charismatic, and hardworking.
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What about Elon Musk?
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Likes rockets, richest person in the world, and very controversial.
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Almost any interesting personality can be described using two to three iconic traits.
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So yours can be the same.
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How?
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Choose a unique niche, master it, and bring it naturally into the conversation.
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If you master chess, everyone will know you as the chess guy.
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But don't brag about your knowledge using complicated terms and words.
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Teach others using lots of analogies.
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Here's an example from my favorite paragraph of all time by Robert Kersen.
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But the simplest way to improve is to just become more confident.
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In 2020, a bunch of researchers took some men, showed them two videos on how to be more confident, and then threw them into speed dates.
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Now those videos contained advice on how to get the other person to talk more, how to keep the conversation going, how to move towards personal subjects, how to make the conversation funnier,
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and a strange technique called screen and qualify.
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You casually mention a quality you value in others, which then encourages the other person to indicate that they have it.
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Then, you express that you like their response.
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Now, the men who watched the videos were seen as more confident and more romantically desirable than men who didn't.
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Number 3.
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Why should you have an attractive personality to be more likable, right?
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Not really.
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You see, history remembers John Newton as a minister, slavery abolitionist, and the man who wrote Amazing Grace.
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Yet that's far from where he started.
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In his youth, John was trapped in the life of a drunk, miserable slave trader.
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So his entire Their personality reflected that.
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His big mouth and complete lack of refinement made him
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so insufferable that his crew even left him stranded on a desert island.
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And mind you, he was the captain.
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But then something, or better said, someone changed him.
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Mary Catlett, a clever, pure-hearted girl and the love of his life.
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He knew that her parents would never let her marry a man like him.
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So he began to study Latin and mathematics to prove he had the discipline of a gentleman.
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He left the slave trading business and became a soft-spoken cleric, then a refined minister, and then one of the most important slave abolitionist figures.
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He changed who he was, and that changed his entire life.
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And yes, Mary became his wife.
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After a life of accomplishments, the two of them retired and spent their last peaceful years in a rural town named Olney.
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Now, some of you might say this type of love is long gone in our times, but is it though?
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Well, you can only know for sure if you understand the science behind modern relationships.
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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה B2 מבוסס על הסרטון “The Science Behind An "Attractive Personality"”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: attractive, personality, traits, confident. בסרטון הזה יש 89 משפטים ו-1073 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 6:19. הדובר מדבר בקצב טבעי של כ-170 מילים בדקה, קרוב לשיחה יומיומית. 83% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית; כדאי ללמוד את השאר לפני שמתחילים.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| trait שם עצם | /tɹeɪt/ | מאפיין, תכונה |
| hobby שם עצם | /ˈhɑ.bi/ | תַּחְבִּיב |
| competence שם עצם | /ˈkɑm.pə.təns/ | יכולת, סמכות |
| stereotype שם עצם | /ˈstɛ.ɹi.əˌtaɪp/ | סְטֵרֵאוֹטִיפּ, סטריאוטיפ |
| dominance שם עצם | /ˈdɑmɪnəns/ | דומיננטיות |
| desirable שם תואר | /dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/ | רצוי, מבוקש |
| chess שם עצם | /t͡ʃɛs/ | שַׁחְמָט |
| rat שם עצם | /ɹæt/ | חֻלְדָּה, עַכְבְּרוֹשׁ |
| firefighter שם עצם | /ˈfaɪ.ɚˌfaɪ.tɚ/ | כַּבַּאי, כַּבָּאִית |
| hardworking שם תואר | /ˈhɑːɹdˌwɜːɹ.kɪŋ/ | חָרוּץ |
| strand שם עצם | /ˈstɹænd/ | גְּדִיל |
| diplomacy שם עצם | /dɪˈpləʊməsi/ | דִּיפְּלוֹמַטְיָה |
| empathy שם עצם | /ˈɛmpəθi/ | אֶמְפַּתְיָה |
| trader שם עצם | /ˈtɹeɪdɚ/ | סוֹחֵר |
| psychologist שם עצם | /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ | פְּסִיכוֹלוֹג, פסיכולוגית |
משפטים שכדאי לחזור עליהם
משפטים קצרים ושלמים מהסרטון שאפשר להשתמש בהם בשיחה יומיומית:
- Which do you think was perceived as more attractive?
- How do you make your personality attractive?
- What do you think is this guy's name?
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | was historically proven · was perceived · was rated |
| משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר | Dan, which is · trainer, which can · editor, which can |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-10 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו don't, you'll, you're. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- הצלילים של “th”: warmth /wɔɹmθ/, empathy /ˈɛmpəθi/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/
- הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: abolitionist /ˌæ.bəˈlɪʃ.n̩.ɪst/, antisocial /ˌæntiˈsəʊʃəl/, visualize /ˈvɪʒuəˌlaɪz/, casually /ˈkæʒuəli/, accomplishment /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: abolitionist /ˌæ.bəˈlɪʃ.n̩.ɪst/, stereotype /ˈstɛ.ɹi.əˌtaɪp/, desirable /dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/, antisocial /ˌæntiˈsəʊʃəl/, charismatic /ˌkɛɹəzˈmætək/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /w/ — שפתיים מעוגלות, לא /v/: warmth /wɔɹmθ/, hardworking /ˈhɑːɹdˌwɜːɹ.kɪŋ/, qualify /ˈkwɑ.lɪ.faɪ/
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: abolitionist /ˌæ.bəˈlɪʃ.n̩.ɪst/, rat /ɹæt/, antisocial /ˌæntiˈsəʊʃəl/, charismatic /ˌkɛɹəzˈmætək/, casually /ˈkæʒuəli/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: trait /tɹeɪt/, warmth /wɔɹmθ/, correlate /ˈkɔɹəleɪt/, stereotype /ˈstɛ.ɹi.əˌtaɪp/, prestige /pɹɛsˈtiːd͡ʒ/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- התחילו במהירות 0.75×, תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט, וחזרו למהירות רגילה כשזה מרגיש קל.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו trait, hobby, competence.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.