Shadowing Practice: You're Not Hallucinating. That's Just Squid Skin. | Deep Look - Learn English Speaking with Video
בחר מצב תרגול
כל מצב פותח חדר תרגול במסך מלא.
34 משפטים
אם המשפטים קצרים או ארוכים מדי, לחץ על ערוך כדי להתאים אותם.
1
Cuttlefish, octopuses, and squid have an almost otherworldly ability to control their appearance.
2
What makes it possible are these spots.
3
They're called chromatophores.
4
They're like tiny water balloons filled with colored pigment.
5
When the balloons expand, you see more pigment, more color.
6
When they contract, the color shrinks to a tiny dot.
7
The overall effect can be really dramatic, and for good reason.
8
These animals don't have protective external shells.
9
They're unarmored, naked, and they aren't great swimmers either.
10
Camouflage is their best defense.
11
They have to be good at it.
12
Octopuses can change their body position and the pattern on their skin to match rock or coral.
13
Octopuses and cuttlefish can even change the texture of their skin to throw off predators, become bumpier and more rock -like.
14
But squid often live in the open ocean.
15
How do you blend in when there's nothing except water to blend into?
16
They do it by changing the way light bounces off their skin.
17
They can actually adjust how iridescent their skin is using light -reflecting cells called iridophores.
18
They can mimic the way sunlight filters down from the surface, hide in plain sight.
19
So how do they control all this color change?
20
Is it voluntary or some kind of built -in reflex?
21
That's what researchers at Stanford University wanted to know.
22
So they anesthetized the squid and then snipped the nerve from the brain that controls the chromatophores, but only on one side of the animal.
23
The brain essentially couldn't send messages to the tiny muscles that control those chromatophores anymore.
24
Almost like turning off a light switch.
25
But after a few days, they noticed something strange.
26
The chromatophores began blinking again, even though they were no longer getting signals from the brain.
27
So what does this mean?
28
Well, what it suggests is that color change might be a bit like breathing is for humans,
29
something we can either choose to do or do automatically, only even cooler.
30
Because unlike breathing, color change requires an awareness of your surroundings.
31
And in these animals, that awareness is spread throughout the skin, as if the skin itself could see.
32
It would be as if your skin knew what color the walls were, even with your eyes closed.
33
For a soft and squishy creature trying to stay alive in a very big ocean, it's a pretty spectacular defense.
34
Thank you.
הורד אפליקציה
כל מה שאתה צריך כדי לדבר בשטף
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תרגול IPAשלוט בכל צליל
אוצר מיליםבנה את מאגר המילים שלך
משחק אוצר מיליםלמד תוך כדי משחק
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This speaking lesson is built on the video “You're Not Hallucinating. That's Just Squid Skin”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: skin, color, chromatophores, octopuses, squid. This video has 31 sentences and 395 words to shadow. The speech runs for 2:51. The speaker talks at a steady 139 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. Only 81% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is demanding.
Key vocabulary in this video
15 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| awareness noun | /əˈwɛɹ.nəs/ | The state or level of consciousness where sense data can be confirmed by an observer. |
| breathe verb | /bɹiːð/ | To draw air into (inhale), and expel air from (exhale), the lungs in order to extract oxygen and excrete waste gases. |
| blend verb | /blɛnd/ | To mingle; to mix; to unite intimately; to pass or shade insensibly into each other. |
| balloon noun | /bəˈlun/ | An inflatable buoyant object, often (but not necessarily) round and flexible. |
| muscle noun | /ˈmʌs.əl/ | A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement. |
| plain noun | /pleɪn/ | An expanse of land with relatively low relief and few trees, especially a grassy expanse. |
| essentially adverb | /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/ | In essence: by nature. |
| dramatic adjective | /dɹəˈmætɪk/ | Of or relating to the drama. |
| reflect verb | /ɹɪˈflɛkt/ | To bend back (light, etc.) from a surface. |
| shell noun | /ʃɛl/ | The calcareous or chitinous external covering of mollusks, crustaceans, and some other invertebrates. |
| expand verb | /ɪkˈspænd/ | To change (something) from a smaller form or size to a larger one; to spread out or lay open. |
| filter noun | /ˈfɪltɚ/ | A device which separates a suspended, dissolved, or particulate matter from a fluid, solution, or other substance; any device that separates one substance from… |
| nerve noun | /nɝv/ | A bundle of neurons with their connective tissue sheaths, blood vessels and lymphatics. |
| protective adjective | /pɹəˈtɛk.tɪv/ | Serving or intended to protect. |
| adjust verb | /əˈd͡ʒʌst/ | To modify. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| bounce off verb | To test (ideas) on someone. |
| throw off verb | To confuse; especially, to lose a pursuer. |
| turn off verb | To power down, to switch off, to put out of operation, to deactivate (an appliance, light, mechanism, functionality etc.). |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 6 contractions and reduced forms, such as they're, aren't, couldn't. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
- The “th” sounds: breathe /bɹiːð/, anesthetize /əˈnɛs.θə.taɪz/, otherworldly /ˌʌðəɹˈwɜɹl(d)li/
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, shell /ʃɛl/, cuttlefish /ˈkʌt(ə)lfɪʃ/, camouflage /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/, squishy /ˈskwɪʃi/
- Long words — get the stress right: essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, spectacular /spɛkˈtæk.jə.lɚ/, voluntary /ˈvɑ.lənˌt(ɛ)ɹi/, chromatophore /krəˈmætəˌfɔr/, anesthetize /əˈnɛs.θə.taɪz/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like awareness, breathe, blend.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.