शैडोइंग अभ्यास: EnglishPod (B0007) - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
पाठ बनाया जा रहा है...
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Hello English learners and welcome to EnglishPod.
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My name is Marco.
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And I'm Erika.
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Hey Erika, how are you today?
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Marco, I'm doing really well and I'm really looking forward to today's lesson.
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Well, so am I because here at EnglishPod we're giving you real English.
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Everyday English.
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Exactly, English that you hear in movies or in TV shows.
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This is English people actually use.
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So Erika, what is our topic for today?
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Well today we're talking about computer viruses.
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Perfect!
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So I think it's time for us to take a look at our preview.
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Vocabulary preview.
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Okay, today we've got two words to preview.
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The first word is virus.
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Virus.
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Virus.
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Virus.
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So if your computer has a computer virus, it means your computer is sick, right?
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Actually, a computer virus is a program that is designed to harm or to damage your computer.
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Oh, I see.
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Okay.
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Well, thank you for being so technical.
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That's the technical explanation.
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Okay, let's take a look at our second word for our preview today, and that would be froze.
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Froze.
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Froze.
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Froze.
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So if your computer froze, it means that...
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Your computer stopped working.
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Your applications or your programs stop working and you just can't do anything.
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Your computer's broken.
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Okay, great.
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So let's listen to our dialogue.
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It's going to be a little bit fast, but...
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Don't worry if you don't understand everything.
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At the end of this podcast, you'll understand everything.
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Perfect.
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Let's listen.
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Oh, great.
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This stupid computer froze again.
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It's the third time today!
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Hey Samuel, can you come take a look at my PC?
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It's acting up again.
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It must have a virus or something.
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Just give me a second, I'll be right up.
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I ran a virus scan on your computer and it turns out that you have a lot of infected files.
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But I'm quite careful when I'm browsing the internet.
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I have no idea how I could have picked up a virus.
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Well, you have to make sure their antivirus software is updated regularly.
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Yours wasn't up to date.
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That's probably what was causing your problems.
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Okay, anything else?
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Yeah, try not to kick or hit the computer.
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Um, yeah, sorry about that.
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Well, I completely understand this guy.
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When my computer freezes, I kick it and punch it and do everything to it.
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Well, I hope you don't punch it too hard, Marco.
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Well, it's still working, so it's alright.
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Okay.
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Alright, let's take a look at our language takeaway.
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Language takeaway.
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In today's language takeaway, we have two words.
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The first word for today is infected file.
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Infected file.
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Infected file.
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Infected file.
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And what is an infected file?
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An infected file is a file in your computer that has a virus in it.
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Ah, perfect.
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That's really clear.
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What is our second word for the language takeaway today?
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Our second word is not up to date.
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Not up to date.
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Not up to date.
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And what is it when something is not up to date?
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It means it doesn't have all the most recent information.
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Okay, perfect.
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Now let's listen to some examples.
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Example 1.
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I need to buy a new computer because mine isn't up to date.
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Example 2 I can't find the street.
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Are you sure this map is up to date?
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Example 3 Sarah has just finished the reports and all the information is up to date.
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Okay, that was pretty clear.
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You know, you can also use this phrase positively.
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You can say, up to date.
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Okay, for example, we can say, this is a new map.
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This is the most up to date map.
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Exactly, or if I bought a new computer, I could say, I just got a new computer.
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All my software is up to date.
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Okay, great.
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So now let's take a look at some phrases.
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And it's time for putting it all together.
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Putting it together.
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Okay, so Samuel said a really great phrase.
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He said, I'll be right up.
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I'll be right up.
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I'll be right up.
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I'll be right up.
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Now, we can use this phrase in a lot of different situations, so let's listen to some examples.
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Example one.
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Can you help me with my computer?
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I'll be right there.
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Example two.
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Come downstairs.
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Dinner is ready.
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I'll be right down.
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Example 3.
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Hurry up!
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I need to use the bathroom!
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I'll be right out.
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Okay, really great and clear examples, right?
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Yeah, you know that phrase, I'll be right out?
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I used to hear this all the time when I was young.
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Really?
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How come?
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Well, I have two sisters and we were always fighting for the bathroom.
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So someone was always saying, just a minute, I'll be right out.
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Ah, yes, that's common.
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I had that too when I was young.
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Okay, now our second phrase is, it turns out that.
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It turns out that.
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It turns out that.
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It turns out that.
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This is a great phrase.
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You can use it in many different situations.
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Marco, can you give us an example?
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Sure, for example, I can say, Frank didn't come to work today and it turns out that he was sick.
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Yep, or I could say, oh, I've been feeling really sick recently.
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Why?
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It turns out that I'm pregnant.
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Oh my god, are you really pregnant?
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No, I'm not, I'm just kidding.
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Alright, because, okay, so it's time for us to listen to our dialogue again, but this time it'll be...
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A little bit slower.
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Alright.
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Oh great.
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This stupid computer froze again.
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That's the third time today.
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Hey Samuel, can you come take a look at my PC?
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It's acting up again.
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It must have a virus or something.
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Just give me a second.
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I'll be right up.
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I ran a virus scan on your computer, and it turns out that you have a lot of infected files.
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But I'm quite careful when I'm browsing the Internet.
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I have no idea how I could have picked up a virus.
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Well, you have to make sure that your antivirus software is updated regularly.
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Yours wasn't up to date.
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That's probably what was causing your problems.
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Okay, anything else?
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Yeah, try not to kick or hit the computer.
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Um, yeah, sorry about that.
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Okay, that was a lot more clear this time.
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Definitely, yeah, I understood a lot more.
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Okay, so now it's time to look at Fluency Builder.
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Erica, why don't you explain what Fluency Builder is?
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In Fluency Builder, we give you some great, useful phrases to help you express your ideas clearly.
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Okay, great.
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So let's look at Fluency Builder.
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Fluency Builder.
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Okay, so in this dialogue, we know his computer wasn't working.
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Right.
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So many students would probably say his computer was acting strangely.
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His computer isn't working properly.
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Exactly.
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And that's perfect and that's fine.
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Yeah, but there's a really great way to say it that we heard in the dialogue.
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It's acting up again.
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It's acting up again.
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I love this phrase, it's acting up.
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Yep, it sounds really natural.
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It sounds really natural.
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Okay, we're ready to listen to our dialogue a third time, but this time...
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It'll be at the normal speed.
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Try and see if you can hear these key words.
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Oh great, this stupid computer froze again!
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That's the third time today!
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Hey Samuel, can you come take a look at my PC?
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It's acting up again.
183
It must have a virus or something.
184
Just give me a second, I'll be right up.
185
I ran a virus scan on your computer and it turns out that you have a lot of infected files.
186
But I'm quite careful when I'm browsing the internet.
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I have no idea how I could have picked up a virus.
188
Well, you have to make sure that your antivirus software is updated regularly.
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Yours wasn't up to date.
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That's probably what was causing your problems.
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Okay, anything else?
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Yeah, try not to kick or hit the computer.
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Um, yeah, sorry about that.
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So Marco, I really think that my computer actually has a virus now.
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Really?
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How come?
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Because I have been turning on my computer, and then suddenly it turns off by itself.
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It shuts down by itself.
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Yeah, that sounds like a virus.
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But I ran a virus scan and there was no problem.
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Well, maybe your antivirus software isn't up to date.
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Yeah, I guess I'd better call Samuel.
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Yeah, you can call Samuel to fix it.
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Yeah.
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All right, folks, we're out of time now, but be sure to go to our website at EnglishPod.com where you can leave all your questions and comments.
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So stay tuned for our next great lesson.
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And until next time, goodbye.
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Bye.
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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
सबसे ज़्यादा दोहराए गए शब्द ये हैं: computer, virus, date, example, file। इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 208 वाक्य और 1459 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 11:06 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 131 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्थिर गति से बोलता है, जो शैडोइंग के लिए आरामदायक है। 83% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 10 सबसे कठिन शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| freeze क्रिया | /ˈfɹiːz/ | जमना |
| phrase संज्ञा | /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/ | मुहावरा, वाक्यांश |
| dialogue संज्ञा | /ˈdaɪəˌlɑɡ/ | बातचीत, गुफ़्तगू |
| preview संज्ञा | /ˈpɹiːvjuː/ | झलक, प्रस्तुतीकरण |
| learner संज्ञा | /ˈlɜɹnəɹ/ | शिक्षार्थी |
| vocabulary संज्ञा | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | शब्दावली |
| positively क्रिया विशेषण | /ˈpɑ.zɪ.tɪv.li/ | असल में, निश्चयेन |
| podcast संज्ञा | /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ | पॉडकास्ट, कोशसत्र |
| tune संज्ञा | /tjuːn/ | धुन |
| goodbye | /ɡʊdˈbaɪ/ | नमस्ते, ख़ुदा हाफ़िज़ |
वीडियो में आने वाली फ़्रेज़ल वर्ब
| शब्द | अर्थ |
|---|---|
| pick up क्रिया | उठाना |
| turn off क्रिया | बंद करना |
दोहराने लायक वाक्य
वीडियो के छोटे, पूरे वाक्य जिन्हें आप रोज़ की बातचीत में इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं:
- Don't worry if you don't understand everything.
- At the end of this podcast, you'll understand everything.
- Are you sure this map is up to date?
- Can you help me with my computer?
- Marco, can you give us an example?
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — पहले शुरू हुआ काम जो अब भी जारी है | I've been feeling · have been turning |
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | is designed · is updated · is infected |
| Past continuous was/were + -ing — बीते समय के किसी क्षण में चल रहा काम | was causing · were always fighting · was always saying |
| Superlatives the -est / the most … — समूह में सबसे ऊपर या नीचे | the most recent · the most up |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 49 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे I'll, I'm, don't। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: antivirus /ˈantɪvʌɪrəs/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, positively /ˈpɑ.zɪ.tɪv.li/
हिंदी भाषियों के लिए मुश्किल ध्वनियाँ:
- /v/ और /w/ का फ़र्क़ — /v/ में ऊपर के दाँत निचले होंठ को छूते हैं, /w/ में होंठ गोल होते हैं: antivirus /ˈantɪvʌɪrəs/, takeaway /ˈteɪkəweɪ/, preview /ˈpɹiːvjuː/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, positively /ˈpɑ.zɪ.tɪv.li/
- /z/ — इसे “ज” (/dʒ/) न बनाएँ: freeze /ˈfɹiːz/, phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/, browse /bɹaʊz/, downstairs /daʊnˈstɛɹz/, positively /ˈpɑ.zɪ.tɪv.li/
- शब्द की शुरुआत में s + व्यंजन — पहले “इ” न जोड़ें: scan /skæn/, strangely /ˈstɹeɪnd͡ʒli/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- सामान्य गति पर एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें और हर वाक्य तब तक दोहराएँ जब तक आपकी लय वक्ता से न मिल जाए।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर freeze, phrase, dialogue जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।