शैडोइंग अभ्यास: The Pygmalion Effect - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

पाठ बनाया जा रहा है...
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The Pygmalion effect is the phenomenon whereby higher expectations lead to higher performance. It can be best understood by a circle where our beliefs about another person's abilities influence our actions toward the other person. This action has an impact on the other's beliefs about themselves. The beliefs about themselves cause the others actions toward us, which again reinforce our beliefs about that person. And so on and on and on. Let's look at an example and start with your beliefs. Imagine you are the coach of a basketball team and you observe your team on the first day: Chris and Joe are new members of your team. Chris reminds you of a famous player. Joe reminds you of an annoying boy from your high school years. Unconsciously you decide what to expect of each one of them. Your beliefs influence your actions: when Chris enters the court you are happy to see him. When he plays you push him to do better, practice harder, stay an extra hour. If he makes a mistake you explained to him how to improve. When Joe comes in you hardly notice him. You're glad to see him score but you don't give him much feedback and don't invest extra time in his training.
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When Joe does a mistake you are a little annoyed.
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Your actions impact their beliefs about themselves: Chris feels you appreciate him and he appreciates you in return. He believes in his own success. Joe feels you have little patience and appreciation for him he does not believe in his own success. Their beliefs about themselves causes their actions toward you: Chris finds more and more joy and playing and he never misses a training session. During the games, he gives a hundred percent all the time. Joe finds less joy in playing than before and doesn't give his full effort in the games. He starts to miss the training sessions sometimes. Which reinforces your beliefs about them: you see how Chris enjoys playing, how he trains hard and shows a fast increase in his performance. Joe seems not to be very motivated, his skills don't increase as much and he starts to show up less. You knew it right away. Thank God your instincts were right!
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The Pygmalion effect is also known as the Rosenthal experiment named after a research of Robert Rosenthal at Harvard. In a first study, he challenged test subjects to coach rats through a maze. Half the group were told their rats were extremely intelligent and specifically trained, the other half were told that their rats were dumb. In fact the rats were all the same.
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During the experiment however the "smart" rats performed well better than the "dumb" ones. This showed how the expectations of the coaches influenced even the performance of rats.
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Rosenthal then did the Pygmalion in school study together with Lenore Jacobson: at the beginning of the school year a group of elementary school teachers were told that some of their new pupils had extraordinary talent and potential. This information which was completely made up was given about random average students in each class. All students had done the IQ test in advance. By the end of the year the students that were described as more talented had significantly increased their performance in the IQ tests compared to the rest of the class. Robert Rosenthal concluded: "When we expect certain behaviors of others we are likely to act in ways that make the expected behavior more likely to occur." what do you think about this theory? And if you believe it is there a way to prevent ourselves from being shaped by others in a negative way? If you like this video and the way we explain the subject subscribe to our channel. We try to explain complex subjects and simple language and cartoons to support students all around the world in their learning. If you want to support us you can go to www.patreon.com/sprouts and donate, just $1 from many fans makes a big difference!
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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव

इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 6 वाक्य और 677 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 4:21 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 156 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्वाभाविक गति से बोलता है, जो रोज़मर्रा की बातचीत के करीब है। 86% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।

इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली

वीडियो के 15 सीखने लायक शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:

शब्दउच्चारणअर्थ
belief संज्ञा/bɪˈliːf/विश्वास, धारणा
rat संज्ञा/ɹæt/चूहा, मूश
experiment संज्ञा/ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/प्रयोग, तजुर्बा
remind क्रिया/ɹəˈmaɪnd/याद दिलाना
expectation संज्ञा/ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/आशा, अपेक्षा
occur क्रिया/əˈkɜː/बीतना
compare क्रिया/kəmˈpɛɚ/तौलना
skill संज्ञा/skɪl/कुशलता, कौशल
extraordinary विशेषण/ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/असाधारण, अकल्पनीय
feedback संज्ञा/ˈfiːdˌbæk/प्रतिपुष्टि, प्रतिक्रिया
talented विशेषण/ˈtæləntɪd/प्रतिभाशाली, गुणी
intelligent विशेषण/ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/बुद्धिमान, चतुर
patience संज्ञा/ˈpeɪ̯.ʃəns/सहन, धैर्य
phenomenon संज्ञा/fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/परिघटना, दृग्विषय
appreciation संज्ञा/əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/प्रशंसा

इस वीडियो का व्याकरण

वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:

संरचनावीडियो में
Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता हैis also known · were told
Relative clauses who / which + उपवाक्य — व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारीinformation which was
Comparatives -er than / more … than — दो चीज़ों की तुलनाbetter than
क्रिया + -ing enjoy, keep, stop… + -ing — वे क्रियाएँ जिनके बाद -ing रूप आता हैenjoys playing

ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण

वक्ता 5 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे don't, doesn't, you're। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।

  • “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, patience /ˈpeɪ̯.ʃəns/, appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/
  • लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, extraordinary /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/, elementary /ˌɛləˈmɛntəɹi/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/

इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें

  1. पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
  2. 0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
  3. अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर belief, rat, experiment जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?

शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।

शैडोइंग तकनीक: पूरी चरण-दर-चरण गाइड पढ़ें →