शैडोइंग अभ्यास: What is APQP Phase 0 - RFQ Phase ? - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
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124 वाक्य
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Welcome to Young Business Professionals.
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I hope you're fine.
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I'm Felix and today I'm going to release another video for young business professionals in English.
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I will explain to you in about 10 minutes the most important facts to be considered in APQP Phase 0.
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If you are interested in increasing your automotive knowledge please feel free to subscribe to my channel and like the video.
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You may also check out our Facebook page through
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which we would like to create a community
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that shall support each other growing everybody's knowledge you may find
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the link below the video what is the purpose of the very first APQP phase the so-called phase zero
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or RFQ phase it is basically the one
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and only phase of the project that is typically not managed by the project manager
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but by the corresponding sales team member the so-called account
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or key account manager the project manager is acting as a team member in this phase and typically just supporting.
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The whole process team is already on board and the target of
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that phase is to win the project from the customer in order to launch phase one afterwards.
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The RFQ phase might be divided into the following steps.
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Qualification of RFQ and kickoff, product specification and customer requirement analysis,
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conception, a drafted time plan creation,
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product cost calculation, budgeting and preliminary quotation.
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And of course also a final time plan creation, calculation and budgeting, a quality gate phase zero
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and the approval of the required business case and finally a final quotation and project nomination.
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Let's take a deeper look on each of these working packages on the following slides.
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Qualification of RFQ and kickoff.
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The description RFQ qualification is basically self-explaining.
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The target of this process step is to identify if it is worth to spend efforts on the received RFQ.
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Eventually the handling of each RFQ costs a lot of resources
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and resources means always money which potentially might be lost in case the RFQ is lost.
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Typically the supplier is performing a lot of efforts to win a project
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so it is worth to really evaluate if working on that makes sense at all.
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It is useful to check if the RFQ is part of the business scope of the company.
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Is there a reasonable chance to win the project making reasonable profit and sales volume?
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Pretty often companies are losing strategic focus and should ask themselves
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if this specific RFQ is really in line with the strategy of the company.
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It makes sense to estimate roughly if the product can be quoted on competitive pricing achieving a sustainable profit later on.
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Is the sales area of the company able to answer yes to all these questions?
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It should double check if all required information are available in order to provide them to the team.
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That will then run through a standardized analysis process.
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The following information should be available.
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In case not, it should be responsibility of the sales team to collect them as soon as possible from the customer.
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Product requirements including specification sheets, preliminary drawings or engineering standards.
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3D files or a design space should be available.
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A time plan expectation by the customer or timing expectation by the customer should be expressed,
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including important milestones such as design freeze, first off tool parts, or PPPAP samples.
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The production volume and the production capacity that shall be realized must be clear.
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If all these information are available, it is time to introduce the RFQ to the whole project team.
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Therefore, it's useful to perform an RFQ kickoff meeting.
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The scope of the RFQ will be presented and rough design ideas might be discussed.
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Typically, teams raise some open points that can be either answered by the salesman or requested by the customer later.
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After this kickoff meeting, the team starts to work on a design concept
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and is identifying the feasibility and costs in a standardized process that will be described on the following slides.
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Product specification and customer requirement analysis.
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At the beginning of each RFQ phase, it is useful to create an overview about all customer requirements.
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This is of special importance as this is a common fact
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that requirements won't be analyzed in the right way or won't be recognized at all.
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If the design of the product is not considering them, this might cause mistrust but also cost issues later on.
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In many cases, customers are providing specification sheets with more than 200 pages
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and it typically takes a lot of effort to analyze them in detail.
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It is wise to include all functional areas
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in order to divide the effort in between all parties
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but also in order to make sure technical requirements are understood in the right way.
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It is recommended to get in touch during
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that phase with the corresponding technical contacts of the customer
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so engineering of supplier and engineering of customer may align themselves on the requirements and specification.
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It makes sense to summarize that analysis in a PowerPoint presentation
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or Excel sheet in order to use this information later during the RFQ phase.
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It makes sense to highlight requirements that can't be fulfilled or
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that have to be blocked as these should be added to the quote later on.
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Once all requirements are understood, the team can start to work on a first design concept.
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3D files are created that are not yet showing all technical details but are enough to identify product cost roughly.
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In addition, a bill of material including material selection according to the customer specification is useful.
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Based on the bill of material, the whole assembly process is drafted in a superficial manner in order to estimate cycle times
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and investments in order to industrialize the product.
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Moreover, purchased components
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will be prepared to RFQ them preliminary at sub suppliers
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and also preliminary validation scope is defined based on the identified product requirements.
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Drafted time plan, product cost calculation, budgeting and a preliminary quotation.
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Now it's time for the project manager to define a rough time plan for the project
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that includes the industrialization of all tools, equipments and supplied components.
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Based on the superficial process flow of the assembly process, expected costs for the serial production of the product will be calculated.
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The full budget for the project will be defined
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that may include positions such as tools for prototypes and serial equipment production equipment stuff which is involved in a project
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hours per functional area for instance the project managing efforts the engineering efforts the efforts for process development
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and similar cost for validation and testing might be included as well as test equipment and gouges,
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as well as efforts for PPAP sampling.
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All these facts will be summarized in a preliminary quotation that can be shared already with the customer at this stage.
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Final time plan calculation and budgeting.
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The process of a RFQ is often taking several weeks or months.
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Pretty often customers is still implementing new requirements that need to be reflected and evaluated by the team.
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All that leads to several loops of the processes described before.
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Finally, this is resulting in a final quotation in which all information will be summarized and provided to the customer.
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In the final quotation, the following information should not be missing or are very important.
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And it should give a special focus on correct information.
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The pricing and delivery conditions must be clear.
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The tool life should, true lifetime,
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should be mentioned, as well as the exit capacity date in the average per week or per week should be mentioned.
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It should be also pretty clearly said which requirements can be fulfilled and which not.
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Quality gate phase zero and or approval of business case.
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In case the RFQ requires high investment or is as of significance important for the organization,
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The business case is often presented to the top management before sharing the final quote with the customer.
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If investments need to be taken, the account manager is presenting a return on investment calculation and explaining his assumptions for the business case.
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This might be realized in a so-called quality gate release process
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that can be counted as an approval of a quotation in case the company is organizing that procedure in that way.
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quotation
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and nominating the release quotation might be provided to the customer
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then of course several negotiation loops may come up before the customer is finally nominating the supplier
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what are other important facts
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that should be considered in phase zero in my opinion it is important to really perform an RFQ qualification procedure.
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RFQs might be denied as well.
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Never forget that.
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That is helping the whole organization to focus on real essential RFQs
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so available resources can be focused on really important requests for quotation.
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In addition it is important to analyze and understand requirements as misunderstanding may lead to bad surprises in the future.
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And this is also very important for all parties,
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customer and supplier to be brave enough to discuss and reject unrealistic requirements in case they are.
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On the other hand, you should also think business-oriented and sometimes it requires a bit of teamwork to fulfill challenging requirements.
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That's all from my side with regard to APQP Phase Zero.
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Thanks to all of you for watching this video until the end.
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I hope you enjoyed the video.
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Have a great day.
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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
यह C1 स्तर का स्पीकिंग पाठ वीडियो “What is APQP Phase 0 - RFQ Phase ?” पर आधारित है। सबसे ज़्यादा दोहराए गए शब्द ये हैं: Rfq, customer, phase, requirement, project। इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 124 वाक्य और 1614 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 12:02 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 134 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्थिर गति से बोलता है, जो शैडोइंग के लिए आरामदायक है। 84% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 15 सबसे कठिन शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| calculation संज्ञा | /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn̩/ | गणना, परिकलन |
| supplier संज्ञा | /səˈplaɪə/ | प्रदायक, सप्लायर |
| qualification संज्ञा | /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ | योग्यता |
| analyze क्रिया | /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/ | विश्लेषण करना |
| superficial विशेषण | /ˌsupɚˈfɪʃəl/ | सतही |
| expectation संज्ञा | /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ | आशा, अपेक्षा |
| industrialization संज्ञा | /ɪnˌdʌstɹɪəlɪˈzeɪʃən/ | औद्योगीकरण |
| mistrust संज्ञा | /mɪsˈtɹʌst/ | संदेह, अविश्वास |
| misunderstand क्रिया | /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/ | ग़लत समझना |
| salesman संज्ञा | विक्रेता, बेचनेवाला | |
| milestone संज्ञा | /ˈmaɪlˌstoʊn/ | मीलपत्थर |
| conception संज्ञा | /kənˈsɛpʃən/ | गर्भधारण |
| negotiation संज्ञा | /nɪˌɡəʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ | बातचीत, परक्रामण |
| calculate क्रिया | /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/ | गणना करना, हिसाब रखना |
| organize क्रिया | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | व्यवस्था करना |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 7 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे I'm, won't, can't। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: quotation /kwoʊˈteɪʃn̩/, calculation /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn̩/, qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, superficial /ˌsupɚˈfɪʃəl/, validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, superficial /ˌsupɚˈfɪʃəl/, validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, feasibility /ˌfiːzɪˈbɪlɪti/
हिंदी भाषियों के लिए मुश्किल ध्वनियाँ:
- /v/ और /w/ का फ़र्क़ — /v/ में ऊपर के दाँत निचले होंठ को छूते हैं, /w/ में होंठ गोल होते हैं: quotation /kwoʊˈteɪʃn̩/, qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, evaluate /ɪˈvaljʊeɪt/, automotive /ˌɔtəˈmoʊtɪv/
- /z/ — इसे “ज” (/dʒ/) न बनाएँ: summarize /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/, analyze /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/, feasibility /ˌfiːzɪˈbɪlɪti/, industrialization /ɪnˌdʌstɹɪəlɪˈzeɪʃən/, industrialize /ɪnˈdʌstɹiəlaɪz/
- /æ/ — “ऐ” से ज़्यादा खुला: calculation /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn̩/, analyze /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/, validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, calculate /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- सामान्य गति पर एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें और हर वाक्य तब तक दोहराएँ जब तक आपकी लय वक्ता से न मिल जाए।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर calculation, supplier, qualification जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।