Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: What is APQP Phase 0 - RFQ Phase ?
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Welcome to Young Business Professionals.
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I hope you're fine.
Tôi hy vọng bạn khỏe.
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I'm Felix and today I'm going to release another video for young business professionals in English.
Tôi là Felix và hôm nay tôi sẽ phát hành một video khác dành cho các chuyên gia kinh doanh trẻ bằng tiếng Anh.
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I will explain to you in about 10 minutes the most important facts to be considered in APQP Phase 0.
Tôi sẽ giải thích cho bạn trong khoảng 10 phút những sự thật quan trọng nhất cần xem xét trong Giai đoạn 0 của APQP.
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If you are interested in increasing your automotive knowledge please feel free to subscribe to my channel and like the video.
Nếu bạn muốn nâng cao kiến thức về ô tô, hãy tự nhiên đăng ký kênh của tôi và nhấn thích video nhé.
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You may also check out our Facebook page through
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which we would like to create a community
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that shall support each other growing everybody's knowledge you may find
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the link below the video what is the purpose of the very first APQP phase the so-called phase zero
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or RFQ phase it is basically the one
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and only phase of the project that is typically not managed by the project manager
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but by the corresponding sales team member the so-called account
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or key account manager the project manager is acting as a team member in this phase and typically just supporting.
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The whole process team is already on board and the target of
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that phase is to win the project from the customer in order to launch phase one afterwards.
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The RFQ phase might be divided into the following steps.
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Qualification of RFQ and kickoff, product specification and customer requirement analysis,
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conception, a drafted time plan creation,
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product cost calculation, budgeting and preliminary quotation.
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And of course also a final time plan creation, calculation and budgeting, a quality gate phase zero
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and the approval of the required business case and finally a final quotation and project nomination.
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Let's take a deeper look on each of these working packages on the following slides.
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Qualification of RFQ and kickoff.
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The description RFQ qualification is basically self-explaining.
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The target of this process step is to identify if it is worth to spend efforts on the received RFQ.
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Eventually the handling of each RFQ costs a lot of resources
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and resources means always money which potentially might be lost in case the RFQ is lost.
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Typically the supplier is performing a lot of efforts to win a project
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so it is worth to really evaluate if working on that makes sense at all.
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It is useful to check if the RFQ is part of the business scope of the company.
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Is there a reasonable chance to win the project making reasonable profit and sales volume?
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Pretty often companies are losing strategic focus and should ask themselves
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if this specific RFQ is really in line with the strategy of the company.
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It makes sense to estimate roughly if the product can be quoted on competitive pricing achieving a sustainable profit later on.
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Is the sales area of the company able to answer yes to all these questions?
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It should double check if all required information are available in order to provide them to the team.
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That will then run through a standardized analysis process.
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The following information should be available.
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In case not, it should be responsibility of the sales team to collect them as soon as possible from the customer.
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Product requirements including specification sheets, preliminary drawings or engineering standards.
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3D files or a design space should be available.
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A time plan expectation by the customer or timing expectation by the customer should be expressed,
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including important milestones such as design freeze, first off tool parts, or PPPAP samples.
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The production volume and the production capacity that shall be realized must be clear.
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If all these information are available, it is time to introduce the RFQ to the whole project team.
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Therefore, it's useful to perform an RFQ kickoff meeting.
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The scope of the RFQ will be presented and rough design ideas might be discussed.
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Typically, teams raise some open points that can be either answered by the salesman or requested by the customer later.
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After this kickoff meeting, the team starts to work on a design concept
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and is identifying the feasibility and costs in a standardized process that will be described on the following slides.
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Product specification and customer requirement analysis.
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At the beginning of each RFQ phase, it is useful to create an overview about all customer requirements.
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This is of special importance as this is a common fact
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that requirements won't be analyzed in the right way or won't be recognized at all.
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If the design of the product is not considering them, this might cause mistrust but also cost issues later on.
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In many cases, customers are providing specification sheets with more than 200 pages
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and it typically takes a lot of effort to analyze them in detail.
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It is wise to include all functional areas
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in order to divide the effort in between all parties
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but also in order to make sure technical requirements are understood in the right way.
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It is recommended to get in touch during
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that phase with the corresponding technical contacts of the customer
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so engineering of supplier and engineering of customer may align themselves on the requirements and specification.
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It makes sense to summarize that analysis in a PowerPoint presentation
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or Excel sheet in order to use this information later during the RFQ phase.
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It makes sense to highlight requirements that can't be fulfilled or
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that have to be blocked as these should be added to the quote later on.
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Once all requirements are understood, the team can start to work on a first design concept.
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3D files are created that are not yet showing all technical details but are enough to identify product cost roughly.
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In addition, a bill of material including material selection according to the customer specification is useful.
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Based on the bill of material, the whole assembly process is drafted in a superficial manner in order to estimate cycle times
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and investments in order to industrialize the product.
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Moreover, purchased components
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will be prepared to RFQ them preliminary at sub suppliers
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and also preliminary validation scope is defined based on the identified product requirements.
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Drafted time plan, product cost calculation, budgeting and a preliminary quotation.
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Now it's time for the project manager to define a rough time plan for the project
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that includes the industrialization of all tools, equipments and supplied components.
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Based on the superficial process flow of the assembly process, expected costs for the serial production of the product will be calculated.
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The full budget for the project will be defined
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that may include positions such as tools for prototypes and serial equipment production equipment stuff which is involved in a project
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hours per functional area for instance the project managing efforts the engineering efforts the efforts for process development
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and similar cost for validation and testing might be included as well as test equipment and gouges,
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as well as efforts for PPAP sampling.
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All these facts will be summarized in a preliminary quotation that can be shared already with the customer at this stage.
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Final time plan calculation and budgeting.
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The process of a RFQ is often taking several weeks or months.
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Pretty often customers is still implementing new requirements that need to be reflected and evaluated by the team.
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All that leads to several loops of the processes described before.
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Finally, this is resulting in a final quotation in which all information will be summarized and provided to the customer.
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In the final quotation, the following information should not be missing or are very important.
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And it should give a special focus on correct information.
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The pricing and delivery conditions must be clear.
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The tool life should, true lifetime,
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should be mentioned, as well as the exit capacity date in the average per week or per week should be mentioned.
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It should be also pretty clearly said which requirements can be fulfilled and which not.
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Quality gate phase zero and or approval of business case.
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In case the RFQ requires high investment or is as of significance important for the organization,
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The business case is often presented to the top management before sharing the final quote with the customer.
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If investments need to be taken, the account manager is presenting a return on investment calculation and explaining his assumptions for the business case.
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This might be realized in a so-called quality gate release process
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that can be counted as an approval of a quotation in case the company is organizing that procedure in that way.
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quotation
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and nominating the release quotation might be provided to the customer
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then of course several negotiation loops may come up before the customer is finally nominating the supplier
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what are other important facts
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that should be considered in phase zero in my opinion it is important to really perform an RFQ qualification procedure.
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RFQs might be denied as well.
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Never forget that.
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That is helping the whole organization to focus on real essential RFQs
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so available resources can be focused on really important requests for quotation.
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In addition it is important to analyze and understand requirements as misunderstanding may lead to bad surprises in the future.
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And this is also very important for all parties,
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customer and supplier to be brave enough to discuss and reject unrealistic requirements in case they are.
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On the other hand, you should also think business-oriented and sometimes it requires a bit of teamwork to fulfill challenging requirements.
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That's all from my side with regard to APQP Phase Zero.
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Thanks to all of you for watching this video until the end.
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I hope you enjoyed the video.
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I'm looking forward for your likes and for your feedback below the video.
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Please subscribe to my channel.
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Do not miss further APQP videos.
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Please feel free to join our Facebook community.
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You will find the link below the video.
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Have a great day.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói trình độ C1 này dựa trên video “What is APQP Phase 0 - RFQ Phase ?”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: Rfq, customer, phase, requirement, project. Video này có 124 câu và 1614 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 12:02. Người nói giữ tốc độ đều, khoảng 134 từ mỗi phút, vừa sức để nói đuổi theo. 84% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ khó nhất trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| specification danh từ | quy cách, quy phạm | |
| calculation danh từ | /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn̩/ | tính toán |
| supplier danh từ | /səˈplaɪə/ | người cung cấp, người tiếp tế |
| summarize động từ | /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/ | tóm lược, tóm tắt |
| analyze động từ | /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/ | phân tích |
| nominate động từ | /ˈnɑ.mɪ.neɪt/ | đề cử, xướng danh |
| subscribe động từ | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | đăng kí |
| industrialization danh từ | /ɪnˌdʌstɹɪəlɪˈzeɪʃən/ | sự công nghiệp hoá |
| salesman danh từ | người bán hàng | |
| milestone danh từ | /ˈmaɪlˌstoʊn/ | cột mốc, cây số |
| conception danh từ | /kənˈsɛpʃən/ | quan niệm |
| negotiation danh từ | /nɪˌɡəʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ | sự đàm phán |
| prototype danh từ | /ˈpɹəʊtətaɪp/ | nguyên mẫu |
| calculate động từ | /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/ | tính toán, tính |
| organize động từ | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | sắp xếp, tổ chức |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Nghĩa |
|---|---|
| check out động từ | tính tiền, trả phòng |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 7 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ I'm, won't, can't. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: quotation /kwoʊˈteɪʃn̩/, calculation /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn̩/, qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, superficial /ˌsupɚˈfɪʃəl/, validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, superficial /ˌsupɚˈfɪʃəl/, validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, feasibility /ˌfiːzɪˈbɪlɪti/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: correspond /ˌkoɹəˈspɑnd/, mistrust /mɪsˈtɹʌst/, misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, orient /ˈɔɹ.iˌɛnt/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: calculation /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn̩/, analyze /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/, validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, calculate /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/
- Phụ âm cuối — bật rõ âm cuối của từ: summarize /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/, analyze /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/, correspond /ˌkoɹəˈspɑnd/, nominate /ˈnɑ.mɪ.neɪt/, evaluate /ɪˈvaljʊeɪt/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Nói đuổi từng câu ở tốc độ bình thường, lặp lại mỗi câu đến khi nhịp của bạn khớp với người nói.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như specification, calculation, supplier.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.