Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: What is APQP - Advanced Product Quality Planning?
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Welcome to Young Business Professionals.
Chào mừng bạn đến với Young Business Professionals.
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I'm Felix and today I'm going to release the very first video of Young Business Professionals in English.
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I will explain to you in about 10 minutes the meaning of APQP.
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This video is the first out of a bunch of videos that I will do having a special focus on automotive know-how.
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If you are interested in increasing your automotive knowledge, feel free to subscribe to my channel and like the video.
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You may also check out our Facebook page through
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which we would like to create a community that shall support each other on growing everybody's knowledge.
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Now let's start with some content for you.
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The abbreviation APQP means Advanced Product Quality Planning, which stands for a Continuous Project Management Procedure
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that was once defined in the QS 9000 standard and is now also supported by the IETF 6949 standard.
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The target of APQP is to secure the quality of a new product during its development phase already,
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to secure the fact that just products with a high level of maturity will be released for production,
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to repeat this process in any order.
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This can be realized by using a unique product-based documentation structure
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that enables the producer to have a transparent insight into the production process.
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Thus, the control of production shall be simplified.
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All project and product-related documents and information are planned, monitored and stored in a central way.
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So that's quite theoretic so far.
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What does that mean applied to the world of business?
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APQP is a very important process for companies working in the automotive industries.
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It is mainly and very often applied in companies
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that develop new product and it is a process
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that shall standardize the development of new products with the target to secure a sufficient level of quality
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that the product has already when it is entering the start of production.
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And to reach that target, there is a defined process out of separate process phases that include separate working packages.
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On the following slides, I will guide you through the process
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and I will give you a rough idea about what each process phase includes.
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So this is an overview chart about all the phases that an process according to APQP may include.
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There are, let's say, five to six phases.
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The RFQ phase, phase zero.
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The project planning phase, phase number one.
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The product development phase, phase number two.
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The process development phase, phase number three.
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the product and process validation phase so-called phase number four
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and the phase called feedback assessment
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and corrective actions phase number five as you may see all these phases are overlapping each other
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which basically means that they are interacting with each other there are many jobs of a later phase
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that can and shall be already started although the phase before is not yet closed.
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The very first phase number zero is the RFQ phase.
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It started with an RFQ kickoff and after receiving the customer nomination
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or the order a project kickoff is introducing into phase one in which the project will be planned.
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In parallel product development phase number two is taking place.
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It is ending up in a very important milestone the so-called design freeze.
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This This milestone is of incredible importance as up until that time all changes performed to the design are basically pretty cheap.
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After the design is being frozen during the process development phase, typically heavy equipment is being kicked off such as tools, production lines and similar.
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Once these things have been built it is very expensive to change something as it needs to be modified in reality, but not just on paper.
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Once the equipment is ready, the first parts can be produced and validating during the product and process validation phase, which is leading to another important milestone,
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the so-called sampling to customer.
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After the approval of the customer, the serial production can be launched.
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Down below, you can see the phase feedback assessment and corrective action.
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This phase is running in parallel to all the other phases.
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It's important to review frequently if mistakes were occurring and
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if there is a chance to improve them during the project already or at least in the next one.
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Let's take a quick deeper look into each of the phases.
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The RFQ process phase starts with the receipt of an RFQ from a customer.
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This is being evaluated.
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Does it make sense to spend time and energy on evaluating that RFQ more in detail?
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Is it it as of strategic interest for the company or not.
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Once the team has decided to work on it, it's being kicked off in a RFQ.
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A rough design concept might be created
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and the process will be planned in a superficial way in order to be able to estimate product cost and project budget.
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All this is being quoted to the customer and if you did a proper job, the customer is following up with an order.
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this is received the official project can be initiated by a project kickoff meeting the first phase project plan
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and definition of concept is basically a planning phase
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that is realized by the project manager a type plan is created the budget will be finalized
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and resources for example the project team will be defined in addition it's important to double check with the team team,
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if there was any change of requirements or not that may lead to updated costing or similar.
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Within phase 2, product development, the product is being designed.
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Typically a 3D design is created by a CAD software.
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In addition, drawings will be created.
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The team is performing a design failure mode and effects analysis and preparing a design validation plan.
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Prototypes will be built and validated.
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validation results if validation results require product improvements they can be implemented immediately.
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Once the design is on a major level, it can be frozen.
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So then phase three, the product development phase can be initiated.
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Within that phase, the team is performing a PFMEA, the process flowchart is being finalized, and the control plan will be finalized as well.
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Then the procurement of tools, equipment and supplied components can be started.
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Once the equipment is ready, pre-seal production demands will be produced and delivered.
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Within phase 4, the production equipment is finalized.
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Usually several loops of adjustments must be followed until a final approval can be given.
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In parallel also supplied components might be released for production.
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Once equipments and components are pretty close to the final release, the process validation test can be performed in order to validate that the product can fulfill agreed requirements.
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Also production staff, logistics and quality team will be trained about product characteristics
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and important facts to be considered during the serial production of the product.
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A run rate takes place and the final product is being PPAPed to the customer.
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After PPAP release of the customer, the so-called SOP start of production might take place.
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The project team is still supporting the production while monitoring the ramp up, checking the performance of production,
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deliveries and supports in case there are any quality issues.
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Step by step responsibility will be handed over to the Zero Production team in the production plant.
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Well, that was my video about APQP.
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I hope you got a rough introduction into the topic.
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We will follow up with further videos about each single process
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phase in order to give you a deeper look inside the process.
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I hope you enjoyed the video.
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I'm looking forward for your likes and your feedback below the video.
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Please subscribe to the channel to not miss further APQP videos.
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Please feel free to join our Facebook community.
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You will find the link down below.
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Have a great day.
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you
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói trình độ C1 này dựa trên video “What is APQP - Advanced Product Quality Planning?”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: phase, product, process, production, project. Video này có 100 câu và 1308 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 9:04. Người nói giữ tốc độ đều, khoảng 144 từ mỗi phút, vừa sức để nói đuổi theo. 86% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
12 từ khó nhất trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| milestone danh từ | /ˈmaɪlˌstoʊn/ | cột mốc, cây số |
| subscribe động từ | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | đăng kí |
| abbreviation danh từ | /əˌbɹi.viˈeɪ.ʃn̩/ | sự tóm tắt, sự rút ngắn |
| simplify động từ | /ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/ | đơn giản hóa |
| overlap động từ | /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/ | chồng chéo |
| prototype danh từ | /ˈpɹəʊtətaɪp/ | nguyên mẫu |
| logistics danh từ | /ləˈd͡ʒɪstɪks/ | hậu cần, tiếp vận |
| adjustment danh từ | /əˈd͡ʒʌst.mənt/ | sự điều chỉnh |
| receipt danh từ | /ɹɪˈsiːt/ | biên nhận, biên lai |
| characteristic danh từ | /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/ | đặc điểm |
| transparent tính từ | /tɹænsˈpæɹənt/ | trong suốt |
| interact động từ | /ɪn.təˈɹækt/ | tương tác |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Nghĩa |
|---|---|
| check out động từ | tính tiền, trả phòng |
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | is now also supported · will be released · can be realized |
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | have been built · has decided |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 3 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ I'm. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, initiate /ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt/, abbreviation /əˌbɹi.viˈeɪ.ʃn̩/, superficial /ˌsupɚˈfɪʃəl/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, automotive /ˌɔtəˈmoʊtɪv/, initiate /ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt/, abbreviation /əˌbɹi.viˈeɪ.ʃn̩/, theoretic /ˌθiːəˈɹɛtɪk/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: procurement /pɹəˈkjʊəɹ.mənt/, logistics /ləˈd͡ʒɪstɪks/, adjustment /əˈd͡ʒʌst.mənt/, transparent /tɹænsˈpæɹənt/, interact /ɪn.təˈɹækt/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: logistics /ləˈd͡ʒɪstɪks/, adjustment /əˈd͡ʒʌst.mənt/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, validate /ˈvæl.ɪ.deɪt/, standardize /ˈstæn.də.daɪz/, overlap /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Nói đuổi từng câu ở tốc độ bình thường, lặp lại mỗi câu đến khi nhịp của bạn khớp với người nói.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như milestone, subscribe, abbreviation.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.