शैडोइंग अभ्यास: APQP Phase 4 - Product & Process validation phase - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
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Welcome to Young Business Professionals.
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I'm Felix and I hope you are all fine today.
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We are taking a look today on APQP Phase 4, the Product and Process Validation Phase.
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This is already the fifth video of our APQP Playlist.
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This video will take you on a 10 minutes tour through this project phase.
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Make sure you're watching this until the end as we releasing
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important lessons learned of phase four at the end of the video.
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If you're interested in increasing your automotive knowledge, please feel to subscribe to my channel and like the video.
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You might also check out our Facebook page through
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which we would like to create a community that shall support each other growing everybody's knowledge.
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What is the purpose of the product and process validation phase?
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During that phase of the project, the pre-serial production is taking place.
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Production equipment and board components are being released through PPAP approvals and run-it rates at sub-suppliers.
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The pre-serial products are used for process validation tests.
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After that, these results are shared with the customer as a part of the PPAP documentation.
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Now, let's take a more detailed look on all single working packages that can be a part of APQB Phase 4.
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The product and process validation phase may be splitted into the following working packages.
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Tracking and approval of production equipment, approval of board components, process validation,
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product trainings, finalization of quality planning,
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approval of production and run at weights and a sampling according to PPAP
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or EMPB standard and finally a quality gate review of phase 4.
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Tracking and approval of production equipment.
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The status tracking process is of course already started in phase 3 of the project
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but it is continued in phase 4 as well.
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Nominated suppliers are monitored frequently in order to check the timing status of the production equipment.
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The target is to approve the equipment as soon as possible as the requirements
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that were given in specification sheets can be proven.
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Often a preliminary approval of the equipment is happening at the location of the supplier.
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Later a final approval in the production plant is taking place.
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Approval of board components.
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In parallel a similar process will be performed for the board components.
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Suppliers will be monitored as well.
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The supplier APQB process is being tracked.
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The supplier is providing the documentation on the customer as soon
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as requirements for the components can be proven under serial production conditions.
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For important components, a production approval and a round rate at the supplier may take place.
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It is common that also preliminary or conditional approved components will be used for pre-serial production in this phase.
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Process validation.
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As soon as the product and the equipment is achieving a certain readiness, the process validation may start.
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All tools should be approved and or at least no major changes should be performed anymore at the equipment.
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In addition, the team that assembles the components for validation should be trained.
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Components will be produced and provided for the test.
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This test plan is based on the design validation plan that was defined and performed already in phase two of the project.
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Sometimes tests can be skipped or shortened as they have been performed already in the product design phase.
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The duration of the test is depending on the specification
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and is the overall target to prove that the product requirements can be achieved
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or can be reached while simulating real situation through these tests.
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Typical tests can be temperature cycle tests, vibration tests, functional tests or durability tests.
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To perform product trainings according to the training plan.
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In phase 3 of the project a training plan for product and process trainings was defined.
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Trainings for a production team such as operators or shift leaders according to created work instructions should be done.
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As well as the logistic team should be trained according to the packaging instructions and further specifications.
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The quality team needs to be instructed according to the control plan and the test plan.
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Introductions into new test equipment needs to be given.
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it's important that all team members
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that are in touch with the product understand its main functions
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and the drawing as well as the special characteristics of the
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product finalization of quality planning within project phase 4 the quality planning process will be closed
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and all planned test equipment and method will be applied
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so procured test equipments are are being installed and first tests are being performed during the pre-seal production.
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Short-term capability studies can be performed and a special focus on fulfillment of special characteristics should be given.
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In addition, the measurement system analysis can be started for new test equipment.
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The target is to check if identified error pattern can be identified correctly with procured test equipment.
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In addition, the control plan is being finalized for the level of the serial production.
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Approval of production and run and wait.
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Once all adjustments of the production equipment are closed in order to reach the product requirements on a repeatable level,
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the time of the full production approval is getting closer.
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At this juncture, not just the cycle times of all production depths are compared versus the planned and calculated values,
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but also it is checked if all requirements can be met.
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If this is the case, the product can be produced at planned cost and also planned capacities,
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which have been promised to the customer previously can be kept.
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In order to reach the production approval, often a so-called run-at rate will be performed.
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The run-at rate is a final trial run at which the production at serial conditions is being simulated.
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It is recommended to perform a production trial that takes several days
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or at least a few shifts on all new equipments in order to identify downtimes,
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scrap, and NOK parts, as well as OK components output.
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The result of the run-and-rate is the statement if a production approval can be declared or not.
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Sometimes this is being performed in presence of the customer.
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Sampling according to PPAP or EMPP.
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Once the serial production process is installed and approved, the team can proceed with the sampling of the product.
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This is the approval that all product requirements can be achieved permanently with the installed production process.
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In order to reach that a bunch of documentation will be submitted to the customer.
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The scope of this documentation package is depending on agreements that have been made before.
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If the project has a smaller scope, typically the documentation package requires less information.
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The sampling can be performed according to different standards such as the VDA standard or the IAG standard.
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We will provide you further details about these different sampling levels in further videos on that channel.
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After received up the documentation from the customer it is basically his job to provide a feedback on
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that and this is to be done in phase 5 of the project.
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Quality gate phase 4.
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Once all these activities are done the project manager has the
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pleasure to present the progress of the process phase to the management and top management of the company.
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That may then decide, based on the recommendation of the project manager, to release APQB phase 4 and to move on with phase 5.
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During such a gate review, the project manager is presenting which activities have been performed and if they have been closed in time.
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In case there are still actions unfulfilled, this is the right time and place for the manager to escalate
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that to the management and ask for special attention and support of the management team.
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In such a case the team may of course also decide not to release the phase.
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Anyhow in case they release the phase the team is proceeding with activities of the next one.
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Important learnings of phase 4 are the following.
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In general high efforts are required in order to reach the approval and sampling timing.
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The reason therefore is typically that a lot of small adjustments need to be performed in a very short time.
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The team can prevent these things by giving the highest possible attention within phases one and two,
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three of the project.
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As more efforts it's spending before, as better it is prepared for the critical phase right now.
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The team is focused to reach a defined target date for the sampling,
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as with approval of the sampling documentation invoices for the production equipment can be raised to the customer.
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And of course also the sampling date is important to be kept for the customer.
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Another important fact is that all sampling requirements should be clarified as early as possible in the project.
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It is definitely too late to clarify them within phase 4.
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They should be discussed and fixed already in phase 0 or 1 of the project.
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Otherwise it may occur that massive changes of the project efforts are a result of insufficient clarification.
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Well, that was my short video about APQP Phase 4.
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Thanks to all of you for watching this video until the end.
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I hope you enjoyed the video.
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I'm looking forward for your likes and your feedback below.
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Please subscribe to the channel to not miss further APQP updates.
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Please feel free to join our Facebook community.
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You will find the link below the video.
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Have a great day.
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you
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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
यह C1 स्तर का स्पीकिंग पाठ वीडियो “APQP Phase 4 - Product & Process validation phase” पर आधारित है। सबसे ज़्यादा दोहराए गए शब्द ये हैं: phase, production, test, approval, equipment। इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 119 वाक्य और 1562 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 11:14 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 139 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्थिर गति से बोलता है, जो शैडोइंग के लिए आरामदायक है। 86% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 10 सबसे कठिन शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| supplier संज्ञा | /səˈplaɪə/ | प्रदायक, सप्लायर |
| approve क्रिया | /əˈpɹuːv/ | अनुमोदन करना |
| durability संज्ञा | /dəɹəˈbɪləti/ | टिकाउपन |
| fulfilment संज्ञा | /fʊlˈfɪl.mənt/ | निर्वाहन |
| invoice संज्ञा | /ˈɪnˌvɔɪs/ | इनवॉइस, बीजक |
| readiness संज्ञा | /ˈɹɛdinəs/ | तत्परता |
| calculate क्रिया | /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/ | गणना करना, हिसाब रखना |
| measurement संज्ञा | /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/ | माप, नाप |
| capability संज्ञा | /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ | क्षमता |
| recommendation संज्ञा | /ˌɹɛkəmɛnˈdeɪʃən/ | संस्तुति, सिफ़ारिश |
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | being released · are shared · may be splitted |
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है | have been performed · have been promised · have been made |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 4 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे I'm, you're। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/, shorten /ˈʃɔɹtn̩/, clarification /ˌklæɹɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, vibration /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, durability /dəɹəˈbɪləti/, repeatable /ɹɪˈpiːtəbəl/
हिंदी भाषियों के लिए मुश्किल ध्वनियाँ:
- /v/ और /w/ का फ़र्क़ — /v/ में ऊपर के दाँत निचले होंठ को छूते हैं, /w/ में होंठ गोल होते हैं: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, approve /əˈpɹuːv/, invoice /ˈɪnˌvɔɪs/, vibration /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/, automotive /ˌɔtəˈmoʊtɪv/
- /æ/ — “ऐ” से ज़्यादा खुला: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, clarify /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.faɪ/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, clarification /ˌklæɹɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, calculate /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- सामान्य गति पर एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें और हर वाक्य तब तक दोहराएँ जब तक आपकी लय वक्ता से न मिल जाए।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर supplier, approve, durability जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।