Pratica di Shadowing: Pharmaceutical Industry Overview | Pharma and Biotech: Distinctions | Understanding Pharmaceuticals - Impara a parlare inglese con i video

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So pharmaceutical industry.
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The pharmaceutical industry is really quite a vast network of companies.
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About 50% of the global pharmaceutical companies are located in the United States,
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and about 40% of them are located in Western Europe.
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The other 10% are scattered about the world,
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and these are just a few of the major players of the pharmaceutical industry companies like Genentech, Amgen, Merck, Pfizer, Sanofi, Aventus,
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and Novartis really make up a lot of the big players in that space.
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Approximately 1.7 to 1.9 million people work in the pharmaceutical industry worldwide.
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That's a lot of people
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and it gives you a sense of the scope of the industry out there in the broader economy.
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Let me see if this will advance here.
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The pharmaceutical industry has gone through a lot of transitions and a lot of development over the past couple of centuries.
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Back in the 19th century, the pharmaceutical industry started coming into its heyday.
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Given the need for countries to treat wounded soldiers and struggle with pandemic diseases,
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vaccines, antibiotics, and other kinds of treatments were created so
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that people could have a better quality of life and overcome some of these illnesses.
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Things like the flu and diphtheria,
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tetanus, rabies, and other kinds of issues seem to predominate the early 19th and late 19th century.
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Then going into the 20th century, we ended up with things like antibiotics, insulin, a global scale, flu vaccines, polio, and so forth.
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And today in the 21st century, we're starting to get into the world of targeted therapies,
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where now we're no longer dealing with just large-scale epidemic-type diseases,
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but we're now dealing with more boutique diseases, where we have diseases that make up very much smaller portions of the population,
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but have every bit as devastating an impact on those groups.
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And so as we move into the 21st century, the pharmaceutical industry will take on a bigger, broader perspective.
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We will be penetrating into more parts of the global economy.
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Well, typically, when one thinks of the pharmaceutical industry, there are several kinds of divisions.
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We have the traditional large-scale pharmaceutical companies.
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that design develop commercialize and deploy pharmaceuticals then there are the newcomers to the business
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which are biotechnology companies these are companies that deal with biological therapies
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and biological treatments and then there are generic manufacturers once drugs become
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available and are off patent then income other companies to try to offer the same medications at a reduced cost,
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thus reducing the amount that consumers have to pay at the cash register.
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And so there are some important distinctions between these various kinds of companies.
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For example, traditional pharmaceutical companies spend a lot of time developing and discovering new drugs.
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So too do biotechnology companies.
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A lot of money, a lot of time, a lot of research goes into understanding what kind of drugs and opportunities there are out there for development of drugs,
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and then the process for turning it into a commercialized product that can be sold on the open market.
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Biotechnology companies and pharmaceutical companies then also create diagnostic tools
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that can be used to help assess and understand the extent of the diseases
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and the extent to which the treatments they're offering are actually making a difference.
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Generic manufacturers, on the other hand, worry about making exact copies of what used to be once novel products in a space,
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but they are limited in terms of their scope.
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They do not come up with new drugs.
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They're not in the business of developing new drugs.
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They're in the business of manufacturing existing drugs, but doing it on a much cheaper scale.
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Now, there's a reason for generics appearing on the scene, and they usually appear on the scene much later than the pharmaceutical companies,
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because the pharmaceutical companies and biotechnology companies have legal rights that we'll talk about here in just a moment.
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Thank you.

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Per chi è questo video?

Questo video è ideale per gli studenti di inglese a livello intermedio o avanzato che vogliono praticare la conversazione in inglese su argomenti specifici come l'industria farmaceutica. È perfetto per chi cerca di ampliare il proprio vocabolario tecnico e capire come presentare dati e concetti complessi in modo chiaro. Inoltre, è un'ottima risorsa per chi usa imparare l'inglese con YouTube, poiché combina informazione educativa con un linguaggio parlato naturale.

Parole e modi di dire da rubare

  • "Vast network": Rete vasta. Utile per descrivere sistemi complessi, come "l'industria farmaceutica è una vast network di aziende".
  • "Come into its heyday": Entrare nel suo periodo d'oro. Per parlare di fasi di crescita, ad esempio "nel XIX secolo, l'industria farmaceutica è entrata nel suo heyday".
  • "Boutique diseases": Malattie boutique. Si riferisce a patologie rare, un'espressione efficace per differenziarle dalle epidemie di massa.
  • "Off patent": Fuori brevetto. Importante per capire il ruolo dei generici: "i farmaci off patent sono prodotti a basso costo".

Come migliorare la pronuncia: focus sulla pronuncia del speaker

Per migliorare la pronuncia inglese e fare shadowing in inglese con questo video, concentrati su due aspetti: la ritmica e l'enfasi. Il speaker usa una velocità media, ma mette l'accento su parole chiave come "targeted therapies" o "generic manufacturers" per dare importanza a concetti tecnici. Prova a ripetere frasi come "the pharmaceutical industry has gone through a lot of transitions" imitando l'intonazione: la caduta della voce alla fine delle frasi affermative è cruciale per sembrare naturale. Per il shadow speech, pausa il video dopo ogni frase e ripetila immediatamente, cercando di corrispondere alla lunghezza delle sillabe e alla forza delle consonanti (es. "scattered about the world" ha una "t" soft, non aspirata). Questo esercizio aiuterà a rafforzare la tua capacità di imitare il flusso del linguaggio parlato.

Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?

Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.

Tecnica dello shadowing: leggi la guida completa passo dopo passo →