Pratica di Shadowing: RE3 Unit 6A - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
Creazione lezione...
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track 11 reading 6a the world's favorite drug it's 1 45 a .m
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and 21 year old thomas murphy is burning the midnight oil
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studying for an important engineering exam he has it too in the afternoon later today to stay awake
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and alert he's had two cups of coffee in the last three hours
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and is now downing a popular energy drink one
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that has two to three times the amount of caffeine as
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a similar sized can of soda many students like murphy as well as marathon runners airline pilots
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and long -distance travelers owe their energy to one of humankind's oldest stimulants
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caffeine the power to counter physical fatigue
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and increase alertness is part of the reason caffeine ranks as
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the world's most popular mood -altering drug it is found not only in sodas energy drinks, coffee and tea, but in diet pills,
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pain relievers like aspirin and chocolate bars.
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Many societies around the world have also created entire rituals around the use of caffeine.
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For example, there's the cafe culture of France, the tea ceremony in Japan and the morning cup of coffee
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or tea that marks the start of the day in many cultures.
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Caffeine is present in many of the foods and drinks we consume, but is it good for us?
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Charles Seisler, a scientist and sleep expert at Harvard Medical School, believes that caffeine causes us to lose sleep, which he says is unhealthy.
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Without adequate sleep, the typical eight hours, the human body will not function at its best, physically, mentally or emotionally.
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Too often, Seisler says, we consume caffeine to stay awake, which later makes it impossible for us to get the rest we need.
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Health risks have also been tied to caffeine consumption Over the years,
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studies have attributed higher rates of certain types of cancer and bone disease to caffeine consumption To date,
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however, there is no proof that caffeine actually causes these diseases A number of scientists,
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including Roland Griffiths, a professor at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in the United States believe
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that regular caffeine use causes physical dependence heavy caffeine uses Griffith
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says exhibit similar behaviors for example their moods fluctuate from high to low they get mild to severe headaches
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or they feel tired or sad when they can't have a caffeinated drink to minimize
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or stop these feelings users must consume caffeine a behavior Griffith
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says is characteristic of drug addiction despite these concerns the general opinion in the scientific community is
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that caffeine is not dangerous when consumed in moderation this means having one
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or two small cups of coffee about 300 milligrams of caffeine
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per day for example furthermore a lot of current research contradicts long -held negative beliefs about caffeine
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and suggests that it may in fact have health benefits for instance studies have shown
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that caffeine can help ease muscle pain because it is a stimulant caffeine can also help improve one's mood.
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Research has also shown that some caffeinated drinks, specifically certain teas, have disease fighting chemicals that can help the body fight a number of illnesses,
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including certain types of cancer.
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In addition, as a type of mental stimulant, caffeine increases alertness, memory and reaction speed.
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Because it fights fatigue, it facilitates performance on tasks like driving, flying and solving simple math problems.
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And while it is true that caffeine can increase blood pressure The effect is usually temporary
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and therefore not likely to cause heart trouble This is especially true if caffeine is consumed in moderation Moreover,
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despite its nearly universal use, caffeine has rarely been abused With caffeine, overuse tends to stop itself,
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says Jack Bergman, a specialist at Harvard Medical School If you consume too much, you get uncomfortable and you don't want to continue.
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Caffeine's behavioural effects are real, but most often mild.
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Getting that burst of energy, of course, is why many of the world's most popular drinks contain caffeine.
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Whether it's a student drinking coffee before class or a business person enjoying tea with lunch,
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humankind's favourite stimulant is at work every day, all over the world.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questo video contiene 45 frasi e 681 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 4:34. Chi parla mantiene un ritmo costante di circa 149 parole al minuto, comodo per lo shadowing. Solo il 76% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è impegnativo.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole meno comuni del video, con pronuncia e significato:
- caffeine /ˈkæfiːn/ (sostantivo) — caffeina. An alkaloid, C₈H₁₀N₄O₂, found naturally in tea and coffee plants, which acts as a mild stimulant on the central nervous system.
- consume /kənˈsum/ (verbo) — consumare. To use up.
- mood /muːd/ (sostantivo) — umore, cattivo umore. A mental or emotional state, composure.
- consumption /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/ (sostantivo) — consumo. The act of eating, drinking or using.
- scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (sostantivo) — scienziato, scienziata. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
- awake /əˈweɪk/ (verbo) — svegliarsi. To become conscious after having slept.
- mild /ˈmaɪld/ (aggettivo) — delicato, delicata. Gentle and not easily angered
- soda /ˈsoʊdə/ (sostantivo) — soda, carbonato di sodio. Sodium bicarbonate.
- fatigue /fəˈtiːɡ/ (sostantivo) — stanchezza, affaticamento. A weariness caused by exertion; exhaustion.
- temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ (aggettivo) — temporaneo. Not permanent; existing only for a period or periods of time.
- bone /boʊn/ (sostantivo) — osso. A composite material consisting largely of calcium phosphate and collagen and making up the skeleton of most vertebrates.
- belief /bɪˈliːf/ (sostantivo) — credito, credenza. Mental acceptance of a claim as true.
- muscle /ˈmʌs.əl/ (sostantivo) — muscolo. A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement.
- rank /ˈɹæŋk/ (sostantivo) — traversa. A row of people or things organized in a grid pattern, often soldiers.
- ceremony /ˈsɛɹ.əˌmoʊ.ni/ (sostantivo) — cerimonia. A ritual, with religious or cultural significance.
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
- I suoni “th”: furthermore /ˈfɜː(ɹ).ðə(ɹ)ˌmɔː(ɹ)/, marathon /ˈmæɹəθən/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: consumption /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/, specialist /ˈspɛʃəlɪst/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, addiction /əˈdɪkˌʃən/, emotionally /ɪˈməʊʃənəli/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, ceremony /ˈsɛɹ.əˌmoʊ.ni/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Fai shadowing frase per frase a velocità normale, ripetendo ognuna finché il tuo ritmo coincide con quello di chi parla.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come caffeine, consume, mood.
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | have also created · have also been · have attributed |
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | is found · is consumed · been abused |
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.