シャドーイング練習: How mass tourism is destroying cities - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

レッスンを作成中...
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Is tourism destroying cities?
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Residents of some of the most beautiful cities around the world have been protesting against tourism.
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And there has been anti-tourist violence in places like Barcelona and Venice. But why?
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There are four ways that tourism can affect cities.
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Overcrowding, pollution, bad behavior, and rising prices.
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Let's begin with overcrowding.
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Venice, a city of 60,000 people, welcomes nearly 30 million visitors a year.
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That's 76,000 tourists a day.
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Spain had 82 million visitors in 2017, with 9 million visiting Barcelona alone.
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There are even traffic dams climbing Mount Everest now.
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Overcrowding has an obvious effect on traffic, footpaths, and queues.
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It can also affect a city's culture and identity, like in Barcelona where locals are complaining tourism is diluting its vibrancy and history.
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Tourists also bring with them pollution and waste.
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They consume heaps of water and food while causing environmental damage to the destination.
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In Thailand, a beach has been closed to protect its coral reefs from tourists.
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In Indonesia, Bali's famously pristine beaches are now being swamped by garbage, and their underground water sources are being drained too quickly.
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The island predicts it will run out of its water supply by 2020.
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In Venice, cruise ships that bring thousands of tourists each day are damaging the local environment with engine pollution and water displacement.
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Tourism even accounts for 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions, mainly from transportation.
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And then there's the issue of tourists' bad behavior.
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There are many viral videos that show tourists behaving inappropriately,
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from airport check-in meltdowns and assaults on cabin crews to deliberately damaging ancient ruins.
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Locals in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro are furious at drunk tourists at their infamous Ipanema beach.
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In Croatia, people are fed up with loud and rude tourists, so fines are being issued to those who drink alcohol in public.
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And Bali is even considering imposing restrictions on temples after tourists continue to climb on the holy sites or oppose in swimwear.
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Finally, tourism causes a rise in prices, especially when it comes to short-term rentals.
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Like with Airbnb, an accommodation app where users can share their homes with tourists.
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It has grown enormously with over 5 million lodgings across 81,000 cities.
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But it has its downsides.
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Landlords in major cities make more money out of short-term leases on Airbnb, forcing local tenants to pay more.
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In some cities, it can raise housing prices as people look to invest in Airbnb homes.
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These rising prices are not just limited to Airbnb though.
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In Cambodia, citizens were evicted from fishing villages so that resorts could be built on the beaches.
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The increased cost of living is forcing residents out from some of the most beautiful cities in the world.
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But there's hope.
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Cities are starting to recognize the impacts of mass tourism and are looking to introduce measures to deal with the load.
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Fines for behavior are being introduced in cities all over the world.
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regulations are starting to hit Airbnb, with their listings in San Francisco, Barcelona and Paris dropping.
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Iceland and Greece are instituting caps on arrivals.
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Venice is planning to divert massive cruise liners to reduce some of the environmental damage,
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and growing recognition of over-tourism could push visitors into more environmentally and culturally friendly tourism,
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in an attempt to save some of these delicate sights for generations to come.
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Thank you.

背景と文脈

最近の観光業は、世界の美しい都市に対して深刻な影響を及ぼしています。このビデオでは、観光が都市に与える主な課題について議論されています。観光客の急増が原因で、交通渋滞、環境汚染、住民の生活費の上昇といった問題が浮上しています。特に、ヴェネツィアやバルセロナなどの名所は、観光客の影響を強く受けています。このような背景から、観光の持つ負の側面を理解することは、英語学習者にとっても重要です。

日常会話のための5つのフレーズ

  • Is tourism destroying cities? - 観光は都市を破壊しているのか？
  • Overcrowding has an obvious effect on traffic. - 過密は交通に明らかな影響を与える。
  • Tourists bring with them pollution and waste. - 観光客は汚染やゴミを持ち込む。
  • Bad behavior from tourists leads to conflict. - 観光客の悪い行動が対立を引き起こす。
  • Rising prices are forcing residents out. - 価格の上昇が住民を追い出している。

段階的シャドーイングガイド

このビデオの内容を理解し、自分の英語力を向上させるために、シャドーイングが非常に有効です。以下はその手順です。

  1. 視聴: まずはビデオを通して視聴し、全体の内容を把握します。
  2. フレーズの選定: 日常会話のために紹介した5つのフレーズを特に意識しながら聴きます。
  3. シャドーイング: 何度も再生しながら、スピーカーの後に続いて発音します。最初は遅めのペースで、次第にその速度を上げていきます。
  4. 録音: 自分の声を録音し、元のスピーカーと比較して発音やイントネーションを確認します。
  5. 復習: 繰り返し練習することで、英語の発音を良くし、スムーズに会話できるようになります。

このように「YouTubeで英語学習」や「shadow speak」を取り入れながら、効果的に発音練習を行い、自信を持って会話に挑戦しましょう。英語の発音を良くするためには、継続的な練習が大切です。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。