跟讀練習: How mass tourism is destroying cities - 通過影片學習英語口語
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43 句
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Is tourism destroying cities?
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Residents of some of the most beautiful cities around the world have been protesting against tourism.
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And there has been anti-tourist violence in places like Barcelona and Venice. But why?
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There are four ways that tourism can affect cities.
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Overcrowding, pollution, bad behavior, and rising prices.
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Let's begin with overcrowding.
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Venice, a city of 60,000 people, welcomes nearly 30 million visitors a year.
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That's 76,000 tourists a day.
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Spain had 82 million visitors in 2017, with 9 million visiting Barcelona alone.
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There are even traffic dams climbing Mount Everest now.
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Overcrowding has an obvious effect on traffic, footpaths, and queues.
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It can also affect a city's culture and identity, like in Barcelona where locals are complaining tourism is diluting its vibrancy and history.
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Tourists also bring with them pollution and waste.
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They consume heaps of water and food while causing environmental damage to the destination.
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In Thailand, a beach has been closed to protect its coral reefs from tourists.
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In Indonesia, Bali's famously pristine beaches are now being swamped by garbage, and their underground water sources are being drained too quickly.
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The island predicts it will run out of its water supply by 2020.
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In Venice, cruise ships that bring thousands of tourists each day are damaging the local environment with engine pollution and water displacement.
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Tourism even accounts for 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions, mainly from transportation.
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And then there's the issue of tourists' bad behavior.
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There are many viral videos that show tourists behaving inappropriately,
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from airport check-in meltdowns and assaults on cabin crews to deliberately damaging ancient ruins.
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Locals in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro are furious at drunk tourists at their infamous Ipanema beach.
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In Croatia, people are fed up with loud and rude tourists, so fines are being issued to those who drink alcohol in public.
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And Bali is even considering imposing restrictions on temples after tourists continue to climb on the holy sites or oppose in swimwear.
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Finally, tourism causes a rise in prices, especially when it comes to short-term rentals.
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Like with Airbnb, an accommodation app where users can share their homes with tourists.
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It has grown enormously with over 5 million lodgings across 81,000 cities.
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But it has its downsides.
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Landlords in major cities make more money out of short-term leases on Airbnb, forcing local tenants to pay more.
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In some cities, it can raise housing prices as people look to invest in Airbnb homes.
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These rising prices are not just limited to Airbnb though.
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In Cambodia, citizens were evicted from fishing villages so that resorts could be built on the beaches.
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The increased cost of living is forcing residents out from some of the most beautiful cities in the world.
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But there's hope.
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Cities are starting to recognize the impacts of mass tourism and are looking to introduce measures to deal with the load.
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Fines for behavior are being introduced in cities all over the world.
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regulations are starting to hit Airbnb, with their listings in San Francisco, Barcelona and Paris dropping.
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Iceland and Greece are instituting caps on arrivals.
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Venice is planning to divert massive cruise liners to reduce some of the environmental damage,
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and growing recognition of over-tourism could push visitors into more environmentally and culturally friendly tourism,
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in an attempt to save some of these delicate sights for generations to come.
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Thank you.
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關於本課
在本節課中，您將通過分析和練習關於大眾旅遊對城市影響的內容來提升您的英語口語能力。我們將探討旅遊對城市造成的擁擠、汙染以及價格上漲等問題，通過觀看相關影片，您將學習如何用英語表達這些概念，並提高您的口語流利度。同時，這也是一個進行雅思口語練習的絕佳機會，您可以藉此提高自己的口語表達技巧。
關鍵詞彙與短語
- 擁擠 (overcrowding)
- 汙染 (pollution)
- 古蹟 (ancient ruins)
- 外租平臺 (short-term rentals)
- 環境影響 (environmental damage)
- 價格上漲 (rising prices)
- 文化認同 (cultural identity)
- 旅遊行為 (tourists' behavior)
練習技巧
在觀看影片時，請注意說話者的語速和語調，這將幫助您掌握正確的發音和語流。您可以嘗試“shadowspeak”的方式，一邊聽一邊模仿說話者的語氣和節奏。該影片的語速較慢，非常適合進行看YouTube學英語的練習。建議您在影片播放時暫停並重復說話者的每句話，這不僅可以增強您的語音模仿能力，還能幫助您在雅思口語練習中更加流利自信。如果您在某些地方感到困難，記得多練習，反覆聽取並模仿，直到完全掌握。通過這樣的方式，您將能夠更好地理解影片內容，並用英語流利地表達自己的觀點。
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | has been closed · being swamped · are fed |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | has been · has been closed · has grown |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。