تدريب Shadowing: How mass tourism is destroying cities - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
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Is tourism destroying cities?
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Residents of some of the most beautiful cities around the world have been protesting against tourism.
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And there has been anti-tourist violence in places like Barcelona and Venice. But why?
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There are four ways that tourism can affect cities.
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Overcrowding, pollution, bad behavior, and rising prices.
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Let's begin with overcrowding.
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Venice, a city of 60,000 people, welcomes nearly 30 million visitors a year.
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That's 76,000 tourists a day.
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Spain had 82 million visitors in 2017, with 9 million visiting Barcelona alone.
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There are even traffic dams climbing Mount Everest now.
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Overcrowding has an obvious effect on traffic, footpaths, and queues.
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It can also affect a city's culture and identity, like in Barcelona where locals are complaining tourism is diluting its vibrancy and history.
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Tourists also bring with them pollution and waste.
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They consume heaps of water and food while causing environmental damage to the destination.
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In Thailand, a beach has been closed to protect its coral reefs from tourists.
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In Indonesia, Bali's famously pristine beaches are now being swamped by garbage, and their underground water sources are being drained too quickly.
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The island predicts it will run out of its water supply by 2020.
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In Venice, cruise ships that bring thousands of tourists each day are damaging the local environment with engine pollution and water displacement.
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Tourism even accounts for 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions, mainly from transportation.
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And then there's the issue of tourists' bad behavior.
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There are many viral videos that show tourists behaving inappropriately,
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from airport check-in meltdowns and assaults on cabin crews to deliberately damaging ancient ruins.
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Locals in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro are furious at drunk tourists at their infamous Ipanema beach.
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In Croatia, people are fed up with loud and rude tourists, so fines are being issued to those who drink alcohol in public.
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And Bali is even considering imposing restrictions on temples after tourists continue to climb on the holy sites or oppose in swimwear.
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Finally, tourism causes a rise in prices, especially when it comes to short-term rentals.
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Like with Airbnb, an accommodation app where users can share their homes with tourists.
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It has grown enormously with over 5 million lodgings across 81,000 cities.
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But it has its downsides.
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Landlords in major cities make more money out of short-term leases on Airbnb, forcing local tenants to pay more.
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In some cities, it can raise housing prices as people look to invest in Airbnb homes.
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These rising prices are not just limited to Airbnb though.
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In Cambodia, citizens were evicted from fishing villages so that resorts could be built on the beaches.
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The increased cost of living is forcing residents out from some of the most beautiful cities in the world.
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But there's hope.
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Cities are starting to recognize the impacts of mass tourism and are looking to introduce measures to deal with the load.
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Fines for behavior are being introduced in cities all over the world.
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regulations are starting to hit Airbnb, with their listings in San Francisco, Barcelona and Paris dropping.
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Iceland and Greece are instituting caps on arrivals.
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Venice is planning to divert massive cruise liners to reduce some of the environmental damage,
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and growing recognition of over-tourism could push visitors into more environmentally and culturally friendly tourism,
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in an attempt to save some of these delicate sights for generations to come.
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Thank you.

حول الدرس

في هذا الدرس، ستمارس مهاراتك في اللغة الإنجليزية من خلال الاستماع إلى موضوع مثير حول تأثير السياحة الجماعية على المدن. ستحصل على فكرة شاملة عن كيفية تأثير السياحة على الثقافات المحلية والبيئة بالإضافة إلى التحديات التي يواجهها السكان المحليون. ستمكنك هذه التجربة من تحسين النطق باللغة الإنجليزية أثناء تفاعلك مع نصوص عميقة ومثيرة للتفكير.

المفردات والعبارات الأساسية

  • Overcrowding - الازدحام
  • Pollution - التلوث
  • Behavior - السلوك
  • Rising prices - ارتفاع الأسعار
  • Cruise ships - السفن السياحية
  • Environmental damage - الأضرار البيئية
  • Short-term rentals - الإيجارات قصيرة الأجل
  • Local identity - الهوية المحلية

نصائح للممارسة

لاستفادة最大 من هذا الدرس، جرب shadow speaking مع مقطع الفيديو. حاول تكرار ما تسمعه بشكل فوري، مما سيساعدك في تحسين النطق باللغة الإنجليزية وطريقة التعبير. يتميز الفيديو بسرعة متوسطة، لذا يمكنك التوقف عند العبارات الصعبة ومحاولة إعادة صياغتها. إذا كان هناك جزء لا تفهمه، استخدم تعلم الإنجليزية مع يوتيوب لإعادة مشاهدة هذا المقطع وتركيزك على shadow speech. تأكد من التفاعل مع النغمة والتعبيرات المستخدمة من قبل المتحدثين لجعل محادثاتك أكثر طبيعية. كلما تدربت بشكل أكبر، زادت قدرتك على ممارسة المحادثة الإنجليزية بسهولة وثقة.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.