シャドーイング練習: Pelvic & Abdominal Pain History | OSCE Guide | UKMLA | CPSA | PLAB 2 - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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Hi, my name is Grace.

I'm one of the doctors working in A &E today.

Do you mind just confirming your name and date of birth?

It's Amy Brooks, 14th of the 10th of 96th.

Okay, nice to meet you, Amy.

And how can I help you today?

I've just been having

this really bad stomach pain the last few days okay sorry to hear it um before

we begin can i just check are you comfortable enough to answer some questions yeah

i was given some codeine i feel a bit better okay fine

if that changes just let me know

because i want you to be comfortable okay and

so amy do you want to start by telling me a bit more about the pain

that you've been experiencing as it started two days ago

and kind of went away after a little bit and then it came back and it's just been getting worse since then.

Okay and where abouts is the pain?

Like sort of lower abdomen like a little bit to the left as well.

Is it going anywhere else?

No. And what does it feel like?

Like a really sharp like stabbing pain.

Okay and I mean that sounds really uncomfortable and

if you were to grade on a severity out of ten

with ten out of ten being the worst pain how bad was it when it was at its worst?

About a nine out of ten this morning.

Okay and what's it like now?

It's probably about a sixth okay um

and the pain is it there all the time

or is it kind of coming in waves or coming

and going since this morning it's been there constantly

and has anything made it better or worse uh

so yesterday i had some paracetamol and i had like a hot water bottle

and that helped a little bit um

but it didn't really help at all this morning okay okay

and other than the pain have you been feeling unwell in any other ways

i've felt quite like dizzy since this morning as well okay tell me a bit more about

that just if I kind of stand up from sitting I feel quite faint

okay and how long does

that feeling last for not very long it goes away after a few seconds

and is that only happening when you're standing up

or is it happening when you're sitting down as well just

when I stand okay and have you fainted at all okay

and have you noticed any in any other ways

that you've been feeling unwell I've just been feeling quite sick as well okay

and have you been sick yeah i was sick

this morning okay okay well amy it sounds like you're feeling quite unwell um you've described to me pain

that started the day before yesterday

but it's gotten much worse today low down your tummy

and stabbing um i think what i'm going to do is

just ask you a few more questions about it generally okay

so you mentioned feeling quite sick

and being sick this morning can i check was there any blood in

that vomit no and have you had anything to eat today

and not this morning no no okay you've been kind of off your food i just since this morning okay

and when did you last have something to eat i had some dinner last night

and are you drinking okay

and any change to your bowels at all no that's been fine okay

and when did you last open your bowels uh just this morning any blood

or mucus no okay

and what about going for a wee any changes there no that's been normal no um burning

or stinging you're not going more often than usual no blood

when you're going for a wee okay have you had a fever or sweats at all no

and you mentioned that you've been feeling quite lightheaded

when you're standing up

so can i check any chest pain at all no any palpitations what about your breathing is

that all right that's all fine

and have you been unwell with any other illnesses recently uh no okay

and the pain is quite low down in your tummy

so can i check i'm thinking about vaginal discharge have been any changes

there any vaginal bleeding just a little bit of spotting this morning okay

and tell me a bit more about

that i mean are you someone who has regular periods what's normal for you uh they're quite irregular

and quite light okay

and have they always been a regular uh no i had the coil fitted about a year ago um

so they were regular before that they were just really heavy is

that the Mirena coil okay and when's the last time you had a bleed with

that apart from today about seven weeks ago I think okay and is

that sort of the normal amount of time between your bleeds with the Mirena not really

it's longer than normal yeah okay and you mentioned

that before you had the coil put in you had quite

heavy periods did you have a diagnosis of anything like fibroids

or cysts at all that you're aware of have you had any ultrasounds

or scans before okay any previous pregnancies no have you had anything like this before this kind of

pain with bleeding um not apart from periods okay can i check are your smears up to date yeah

and have they all been normal yeah they've all been fine okay

and i'm just going to check as well because it could be relevant are you sexually active at the moment

okay and is that with a regular partner

or casual partners uh with my boyfriend okay

and um when's the last time that you had a partner

that was different to your current boyfriend uh about three years ago okay

and how long have you been with your boyfriend for my current boyfriend two years two years okay

and have you ever had a sexual health screening before yes i have okay

and when was the most recent time that you had

that about two years ago when we got together lovely

and was that normal yeah that was fine fine

and have you ever had a sexually transmitted infection before yeah about three years ago

and which infection was that I had chlamydia

and did you get antibiotics in that I did okay perfect

and and can I just check just to make sure

when was the last time

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that you had sex with your partner about three days ago now okay

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and I know you have the my arena room

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which would protect you against pregnancy can I to use condoms as well

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or just some irena no just coil okay okay thanks for answering those questions

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so i think what i'm going to do is just summarize back to you to make sure

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that we've not missed anything here so you've described a pain

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that started a couple of days ago kind of low down in your tummy

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and on the left hand side it went away

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but then it's come back today

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and it's stabbing it's been up to a nine out of ten severity it's very uncomfortable you vomited with it

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and you felt quite lightheaded when you're standing up

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and you've also noticed some sort of vaginal spotting as well

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which is a bit out of sync with what's normal for you um

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and you have a regular partner

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that you've been with for a couple of years is

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that right yeah okay

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and can i just check amy you said you've not had something particularly like this before

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but did you have any thoughts of what this could be um at first

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i thought maybe just a period pain um i'm not sure

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if it's maybe something worse like a cyst or something like

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that okay yeah i mean that's a reasonable thought with the pain being done there

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and on one side and sometimes people have something they're particularly worried about

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when they come in is there anything that you want to tell me

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or ask me about any worries you might have I've just had two days off work already

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and I can't really afford to take any more time off

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so I just really want to kind of get to the bottom of it

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and find out what's what's wrong yeah of course

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and obviously coming into A &E we're here to help you to figure out what's going on

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and to make sure you're comfortable was there anything else you had in mind

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that you wanted us to help you with today uh just to find out what it is okay

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fine so amy i've not met you before

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so you've given me a really good idea about what's been happening in the last few days um

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but i just want to check things before that

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and a bit about your background

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so can i ask do you have any other medical conditions

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at all no do you take any regular medications no

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i don't are you allergic to anything are there any conditions

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that run in your family at all i don't think so no and specifically any kind of gynecological conditions

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uh no okay and your living situation

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so who do you live with at the moment i just live with my boyfriend okay

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and you mentioned you're a bit worried about having time off work what is it

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that you do for work i'm an accountant okay

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and can i ask um do you smoke at all uh yeah

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i do yeah how many a day probably about 10 a day okay

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and how old were you when you started smoking uh 19.

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okay

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and do you take any drugs at all any recreational drugs

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do you drink alcohol a little bit not a lot usually just

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if i go out with friends or something like that okay

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and how much would you have if you went out with friends maybe like two

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or three drinks like vodka tonics or something like that okay

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so perfect do you give me a good idea there about what's going on amy

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so what i'm going to do i'm just going to summarize back to you to make sure

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that we've not missed anything

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so you've described quite severe lower abdominal pain on the left -hand side

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that started a couple of days ago

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and got worse today you vomited you're feeling lightheaded

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and you've also had some spotting bleeding otherwise you're generally in good health you don't take any regular medications is

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that right yes is there anything else

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that you'd like to add I don't think so okay

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and do you have any questions for me no okay and that case

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Amy that's all for today okay thank you your time thank you today

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i spoke with amy brooks a 27 year old woman who's presented to the accident

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and emergency department with a two -day history of progressive left lower quadrant pain this pain is sharp severe

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and stabbing she's also been feeling nauseous and has vomited

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and has been feeling lightheaded understanding amy has also experienced some vaginal bleeding for the last couple of days

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which she describes as light spotting.

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She has a Mirena IUD in situ and hasn't had a bleed for the last seven weeks which is unusual for her.

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She has a regular male partner and last had a sexual health screen two years ago which was negative.

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Amy has no other medical conditions and takes no regular medications.

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She lives with her partner.

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Her main concern is getting back to work and she worries that this could be something like an ovarian cyst.

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The most important differentials to consider today would be an ectopic pregnancy

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or ovarian pathology such as ovarian cyst rupture or ovarian torsion.

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In order to complete my assessment today, I would perform an abdominal examination, check vital signs and perform a urinary pregnancy test.

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For this patient I would consider referring them urgently to the gynaecology team for their assessment

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and management and their consideration of further imaging.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Pelvic & Abdominal Pain History」を教材にしています。繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：pain, amy, feeling, regular。この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が178文、単語が2087語あります。音声の長さは10:25です。話す速さは速く、1分あたり約200語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。単語の85%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語	発音	意味
bleed 動詞	/ˈbliːd/	出血する, 血を流す
pregnancy 名詞	/ˈpɹɛɡnənsi/	妊娠
stab 動詞	/stæb/	刺す
coil 名詞	/kɔɪl/	とぐろ, 渦状
vomit 動詞	/ˈvɑmɪt/	吐く, 嘔吐する
sharp 形容詞	/ʃɑɹp/	鋭い, 鋭利な
assessment 名詞	/əˈsɛsmənt/	評価
infection 名詞	/ɪnˈfɛkʃən/	伝染
uncomfortable 形容詞	/ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/	心地よくない
faint 形容詞	/feɪnt/	弱々しい
bowel 名詞	/ˈbaʊ.əl/	大腸
refer 動詞	/ɹɪˈfɜː/	問い合わせる
unusual 形容詞	/ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/	珍しい
stomach 名詞	/ˈstʌmək/	胃, 胃袋
illness 名詞	/ˈɪl.nəs/	病気, 疾病

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語	意味
go away 動詞	去る, 出る
stand up 動詞	立ち上がる
come back 動詞	戻る, 帰る
find out 動詞	見出す, 調べる
check out 動詞	試験する, 検査する
sit down 動詞	座る, 腰掛ける

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型	動画での表現
現在完了進行形 have/has been + -ing — 以前に始まり今も続いている動作	I've just been having · you've been experiencing · it's just been getting
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している	it's been · i've felt · have you fainted
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える	someone who has · weeks which is · ago which was
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる	was given · being done

注意したい発音

話し手はyou're, you've, I'mなど、短縮形や弱形を52回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

「th」の音: sixth /sɪksθ/, breathe /bɹiːð/, pathology /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/
「sh」と「zh」の音: medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, sharp /ʃɑɹp/, infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, consideration /kənˌsɪd.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/, severity /səˈvɛɹ.ə.ti/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, consideration /kənˌsɪd.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

/r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: virtual /ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/, differential [dɪfəˈɹənʃəɫ], irregular /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/, ultrasound /ʌl.tɹə.saʊnd/, paracetamol /ˌpɛɹ.əˈsiː.təˌmɔl/
/v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: vomit /ˈvɑmɪt/, severity /səˈvɛɹ.ə.ti/, vital /ˈvaɪtəl/, progressive /pɹəˈɡɹɛsɪv/, virtual /ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/
/f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/, faint /feɪnt/, refer /ɹɪˈfɜː/, confirm /kənˈfɝm/

この動画での練習方法

まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。bleed, pregnancy, stabなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →

シャドーイング練習: Pelvic & Abdominal Pain History | OSCE Guide | UKMLA | CPSA | PLAB 2 - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる句動詞

この動画の文法

注意したい発音

この動画での練習方法

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由