쉐도잉 연습: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation’s Impact | Geography | ClickView - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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- The Asia-Pacific area is a diverse, complex region made up of 2.9 billion inhabitants across dozens of countries.
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For the past three decades, APEC, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, has brought together 21 countries to pursue free and open trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region.
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Since its creation, APEC has supported economic integration and cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region.
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Agreements and policy initiatives facilitated through APEC have resulted in enormous economic growth in the region.
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Its gross domestic product, or GDP, more than doubled from 19 trillion to 46.9 trillion US dollars between 1989 and 2018.
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At the same time, the average per capita income in the Asia-Pacific area rose by 74%, lifting millions out of poverty and creating a growing middle class in less than three decades.
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- If you judge an organization or an entity by results, I'd have to say APEC is a very effective organization.
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Asia-Pacific is now the key driver of global economic growth.
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If Asia-Pacific was not driving growth, then the global world would be operating almost in consistent 0 to 1% growth rate at the moment.
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So they're actually an incredible driver.
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- APEC's core business of smoothing out trade barriers between its 21 member countries has also been very successful.
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Between 1989 and 2018, tariffs, border taxes on imports and exports, fell on average from 17% to 5.3%.
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Simultaneously, the region's total trade increased more than seven times, outpacing the rest of the world.
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Over 2/3 of this increased trading has occurred between Asia-Pacific countries, so the economic benefits have been felt mainly in the APEC region.
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- There's lots of economies mixed in there but what they've been able to do is in working together in a style in which it's called the APEC style, they've been able to create standards that operate across that region.
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And what's actually been enabled by that has been what's called the supply chain revolution because there are common standards that operate throughout APEC.
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The consequence of the supply chain revolution has seen a number of economies increase their growth exponentially.
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- APEC's efficacy is also linked to it being the only intergovernmental group that allows for partnerships with nonmember groups.
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APEC is open to cooperation with nonmembers so long as they align with its values and goals.
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Partnerships are open to governmental and non-governmental groups in other regions around the world.
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APEC has also sought to focus on issues broader than economic growth, such as the environment.
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Since 2010, APEC has facilitated agreements on significantly reducing tariffs on environmentally friendly technologies and goods, making it easier and cheaper to build and sell renewable energy technologies across the region.
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In 2011, member economies committed to reduce energy intensity in the region by 45% by the year 2030.
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In 2014, members agreed to work toward doubling the share of renewable energy by 2030 in APEC's energy mix, including power generation.
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Its proximity to the Ring of Fire makes the Asia-Pacific region vulnerable to natural disasters and humanitarian crises.
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This vulnerability is now intensified by climate change.
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APEC has been instrumental in helping the region manage natural disasters.
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- The APEC community has actually been able to grapple with that as a collective and actually come up with solutions by early warning, management of the problems as a consequence of it, et cetera.
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The fact that it operates as a community is extremely helpful in mitigating or lessening the worst impacts of some of these natural disasters and shocks.
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Global politics in recent years have been defined by countries questioning globalization and international integration and shifting toward nationalism.
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A stark example is Brexit, which signified a move away from free trade thinking, which benefited Europe for decades to more protectionist sentiments.
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The APEC community has witnessed similar trends.
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- We have the power in numbers.
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We came here to protect our republic.
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- The America First policies of the Trump administration, defined by tariffs and trade barriers, particularly against China, as well as China's retaliation represented a distinct reversal from the goals of APEC.
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Increased competition between a strengthening China and her fellow APEC members, the US, Australia and New Zealand, could also prove problematic for APEC.
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- So there is the risk of geopolitical tension between the US and China playing out in the way in which the APEC community operates.
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As the competition between those two great powers intensifies, and perhaps China reveals an intention to be even a more dominant power in the APEC region, then we actually may see some forms of negative impact on the way in which the APEC community operates.
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- A deteriorated relationship between China and Australia further complicates matters, as does China's increasing insistence of its historical claim to Taiwan and its ramping presence in the South China Sea.
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Russia's invasion of Ukraine, resulting in considerable sanctions from some APEC countries has further strained the APEC community.
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APEC's ability to ensure members respect agreements and operate in the spirit of APEC's goals has also drawn scrutiny.
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APEC is a consensus-based forum.
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Commitments are undertaken on a voluntary basis and APEC cannot make members implement agreements, something that other global organizations, like the World Trade Organization or the European Union are able to do.
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This is a core weakness of APEC.
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APEC has been crucial in cooperation and integration in the Asia-Pacific area.
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This work has benefited tens of millions of individuals throughout the region.
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But as geopolitical tension in Asia increases, APEC's aims for the region risk being undermined.
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이 수업에 대하여
이 수업에서는 아시아-태평양 경제 협력체(APEC)에 대해 배우며, 경제 성장, 무역 장벽 완화 및 환경 문제와 같은 주제를 통해 영어 표현과 발음을 연습할 것입니다. 또한 이 영상의 내용을 통해 아시아-태평양 지역의 다양한 경제적 측면을 이해하게 됩니다. 요약을 통해 주요 개념을 정리하고, 이후 각각의 단어와 구문을 연습함으로써 영어 말하기 능력을 향상시킬 수 있습니다. 유튜브 영어 공부를 통해 실질적인 예시와 함께 영어 발음 교정을 발생시킬 수 있습니다.
주요 어휘 및 구문
- 아시아-태평양 경제 협력체 (APEC)
- 경제 통합
- 무역 장벽
- 하나의 합의 기반 포럼
- 재생 가능한 에너지 기술
- 자연 재해 관리
- 지정학적 긴장
- 상생의 의지
연습 팁
이 영상은 전체적으로 빠른 속도로 진행되므로, shadowspeak 기법을 활용하여 발음과 억양을 개선하는 것이 중요합니다. 처음에는 영상을 천천히 반복 감상하며 각 문장을 따라 해보세요. 특히, APEC의 활동과 관련된 부분에서는 구체적인 단어와 표현들이 많이 나오므로, 이를 집중적으로 연습하는 것이 후속 학습에 큰 도움이 될 것입니다. IELTS 스피킹 시험 준비를 하는 경우, 이러한 경제적 주제는 대화에서 자주 다뤄질 수 있으므로 자연스럽게 영어를 적용하는 practice가 필요합니다. 문장을 여러 번 반복하면서 손의 동작이나 발음을 적극적으로 활용해보세요. 이렇게 하면 더욱 효과적으로 기억하고, 영어 발음 교정에도 많은 도움이 됩니다.
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | has brought · has supported · have resulted |
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | have been felt · been enabled · is also linked |
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.