쉐도잉 연습: How The CIA Hacked Russia - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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October 1971.
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An American spy submarine has just crossed into Soviet waters, an area completely off-limits to outsiders.
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Most people on board the submarine have no idea why they're here.
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But some do.
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They're searching for an underwater telephone cable that connects a brand new Soviet nuclear base to its headquarters over 1,000 miles away.
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Attached to the submarine is a custom-made device, designed to wrap around the cable and record every bit of information that passes through it.
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For 10 years, this device secretly fed Americans with a gold mine of information, until one day it vanished.
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By 1970, the US and the Soviet Union were deep into the Cold War, and the constant threat of nuclear attacks meant
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that both sides were desperate for any bit of information they could get their hands on.
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The US learned that a brand new nuclear submarine base had just been built in Petroplavsk, in the far east of Russia.
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It seemed strategically positioned for an attack on the US, and so Americans made it their goal to start spying on the base.
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But instead of sending in real spies or relying on satellite imagery, they wanted something more substantial.
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Captain James Bradley, director of Undersea Warfare, was studying a map of the region when it suddenly hit him.
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Since the base was in such a remote location, the Soviets needed to have some way of communicating with the headquarters back in Vladivostok.
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Radio would have been too easy to hack, and so he came to the conclusion that they must have run an underwater telephone cable through the sea of Okhotsk.
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If such a cable did exist, Intercepting it could give the Americans all they needed to know about the Soviets' nuclear capabilities.
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It was an idea too good to turn down, and so, with the help of the CIA and the Navy, Operation Ivy Bells was officially underway.
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But finding a cable hundreds of feet below a massive expanse of sea seemed like an impossible task.
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Luckily, Captain Bradley once again had a plan.
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He remembered back to his childhood along the Mississippi River, where signs would warn fishing boats whenever there was an underwater cable.
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If the Soviet cable did exist, he was sure that there would be similar signs along the Russian coast.
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After a month-long journey, the USS Halibut finally entered the Sea of Okhotsk.
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The crew began slowly creeping up the coast, inspecting the shoreline through a periscope.
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It took over a week of constant searching, but amazingly, they finally came across exactly what Captain Bradley had imagined.
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The submarine anchored itself in place and a team of divers made the dangerous 400 feet descent to start installing the wiretap.
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The device worked by induction and so when a conversation was sent through the cable,
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the electric pulses would be picked up and recorded onto a tape recorder inside the device.
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If the Soviets ever tried to raise the cable for maintenance, the device was designed to detach and sink to the bottom of the ocean.
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After a month of recording, the submarine returned to the device, and the tapes were sent back to the US to be decoded and translated by Ronald Pelton,
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an NSA analyst who was fluent in Russian.
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When the team received the first transcripts, they were amazed.
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The device had picked up thousands of conversations between high-ranking Soviets, openly talking about what kind of nuclear weapons they had,
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their range limitations, and how ready they were to be put into use.
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Thanks to the wiretap, the Americans also knew exactly when and where Soviet submarines were heading out to sea,
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allowing them to quietly follow them at close range.
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Every month, the USS Halibut would return to the cable to retrieve the tapes and replace the battery.
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Several years went by, and the device just kept feeding the US with crucial information.
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But it was all about to come to a mysterious end.
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To find information about what happened next, I had to do some serious digging.
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Russian sites said one thing, and American sites said something else.
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42
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46
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After an entire decade of secretly spying on the Soviets, the US wiretap at the bottom of the ocean was about to go silent.
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In 1981, an American surveillance satellite showed a group of Soviet ships hovering around the exact spot where the device was located.
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The The US immediately sent a submarine out to try and recover the device, but it was too late.
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The device was gone.
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Only a handful of intelligence officers even knew the wiretap existed.
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So how, after 10 years, did the Soviets suddenly pinpoint its exact location?
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As it turned out, the Americans had a spy in their midst.
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It all started a year earlier, when a strange phone call was made to the Soviet Embassy in Washington.
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The caller claimed to have crucial information for the Soviets and wanted to arrange a meeting and exchange for cash.
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At the embassy, the man met with KGB officer Vitaly Yurchenko and started telling him all about Operation Ivy Bells, where the wiretap was located,
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how it worked, and what the Americans had learned through the cable.
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As it turned out, the mysterious man was none other than Ronald Pelton, the American analyst who translated the wiretap's messages.
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His life had fallen apart.
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He no longer had his job at the NSA.
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His wife had left him, and he was now bankrupt with over $60,000 of debt.
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And so, in a desperate attempt to make money, he decided to sell his secrets.
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Pelton had just given away one of America's most top secret missions.
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And it was essentially all for nothing, since the Soviets only paid him $35,000.
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He was still massively in debt, and it was only a matter of time before he got caught.
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Ironically, the FBI had already wiretapped the Soviet Embassy's phone lines and became instantly suspicious when they heard the call.
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But Pelton never gave away his name, and so they had no idea it was him.
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Over the next few years, Pelton continued to meet with KGB officers in Washington and Vienna,
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supplying them with everything he knew about America's attempts to spy on the Soviets.
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But it was all about to come to an end in one final twist.
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KGB officer Yurchenko, who had taken Pelton's initial call, was on an assignment in Rome.
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While touring around the Vatican, he mysteriously slipped away from his colleagues and headed straight for the U.S.
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Embassy.
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When he was there, he announced that he wanted to change sides and start working for the Americans.
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was doing the exact same thing that Pelton did.
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Almost immediately, he was flown to the States and put into a safe house in Virginia where the CIA began questioning him.
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It wasn't clear exactly why Yurchenko had suddenly switched sides, but right away he started to give the Americans some interesting information.
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Although he didn't have a name, he told them that the man who revealed the wiretapping secrets was an NSA analyst with red hair.
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It wasn't much to go on, but the FBI compiled a list of red-haired analysts and listened back to the recordings of the phone call.
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And, sure enough, it matched with Ronald Pelton's profile.
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They tracked him down and arrested him, and almost immediately he admitted to spying for the Soviets.
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Pelton was given three life sentences and ended up serving 30 years in prison until 2015,
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the longest ever sentence served for espionage at the time.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 B2 수준 말하기 레슨은 영상 “How The CIA Hacked Russia”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: Soviet, cable, device, submarine, Pelton. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 89개와 단어 1441개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 9:20입니다. 화자는 분당 약 154단어로, 일상 대화에 가까운 자연스러운 속도로 말합니다. 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속하는 단어가 81%뿐이라 어휘가 어려운 편입니다.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에서 가장 어려운 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| submarine 명사 | /sʌb.məˈɹiːn/ | 잠수함 |
| wiretap 명사 | /ˈwaɪɚtæp/ | 도청기, 도청장치 |
| underwater 형용사 | /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/ | 수중 |
| embassy 명사 | /ˈɛmbəsi/ | 대사관 |
| translate 동사 | /tɹænzˈleɪt/ | 번역하다 |
| secretly 부사 | /ˈsiː.kɹɪt.li/ | 몰래 |
| mysterious 형용사 | /mɪˈstɪɹi.əs/ | 신비(神秘)하다 |
| espionage 명사 | /ˈɛs.pi.əˌnɑːʒ/ | 스파이 행위, 간첩죄 |
| periscope 명사 | /ˈpɛɹɪskoʊp/ | 잠망경 |
| vanish 동사 | /ˈvænɪʃ/ | 사라지다 |
| outsider 명사 | /ˌaʊtˈsaɪdəɹ/ | 외부인, 아웃사이더 |
| recorder 명사 | /ɹiˈkɔɹ.dəɹ/ | 리코더 |
| bankrupt 형용사 | /ˈbæŋk.ɹəpt/ | 파산 |
| attach 동사 | /əˈtæt͡ʃ/ | 첨부하다, 붙이다 |
| luckily 부사 | /ˈlʌk.ɪ.li/ | 운 좋게, 다행(多幸)히 |
영상에 나오는 구동사
| 단어 | 뜻 |
|---|---|
| pick up 동사 | 줍다 |
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | been built · was sent · would be picked |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | has just crossed · has even recognized |
주의할 발음
화자는 they're, wasn't, didn't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 5번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: espionage /ˈɛs.pi.əˌnɑːʒ/, vanish /ˈvænɪʃ/, limitation /lɪmɪˈteɪʃən/, induction /ɪnˈdʌkʃən/, suspicious /səˈspɪʃ.əs/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: underwater /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/, mysterious /mɪˈstɪɹi.əs/, conglomerate /kənˈɡlɑ.mɚ.ət/, espionage /ˈɛs.pi.əˌnɑːʒ/, personalize /ˈpɜː.sə.nə.laɪz/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: fluent /ˈfluənt/, differ /ˈdɪfɚ/, handful /ˈhæn(d)fʊl/, inform /ɪnˈfɔɹm/
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: vanish /ˈvænɪʃ/, massively /ˈmæs.ɪv.li/, retrieve /ɹɪˈtɹiːv/, surveillance /sɚˈveɪ.ləns/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: translate /tɹænzˈleɪt/, personalize /ˈpɜː.sə.nə.laɪz/, amazingly /əˈmeɪzɪŋli/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, submarine, wiretap, underwater 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.