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431 문장

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1 .1 Romiko, what do you eat in a typical day?

I don't usually have breakfast because I can't get up early enough to eat.

I normally just buy a coffee and drink it in the office.

I usually have lunch in a restaurant near the office with people from work.

When I was younger, I used to go to fast food restaurants and have pizza or fried chicken and chips.

But now I prefer eating something healthier.

So I go to sushi restaurants or restaurants which serve organic food.

And for dinner, I eat out a lot too.

Do you ever cook?

Well, I like cooking, but I work very late every day.

And also my kitchen's too small.

My boyfriend's a better cook anyway.

Do you ever eat unhealthy food?

Well, I don't eat a lot of sweet things, but I drink a lot of coffee every day.

I think I'm addicted to caffeine.

Are you trying to cut down on anything at the moment?

No. I eat healthily and I do exercise regularly, so I don't think I need to cut down on food.

Are people's diets in your country getting better or worse?

Oh, probably worse.

I think the diet in Japan today is much more westernised than before and that's why some people are getting fatter.

But personally, I like the fact that there are more different kinds of food and restaurants now.

I enjoy the variety.

It makes eating out much more fun.

1 .2 Bull O Butcher Cook

Good sugar

boot food fruit juice mousse soup spoon

1 .3 1 knife biscuit salmon

sausages lettuce sugar yogurt menu diet

1 .4 1

The first course on the menu is lettuce soup.

What vegetables would you like with your steak?

Do you want yogurt or chocolate mousse for dessert?

I take two spoonfuls of sugar in my coffee.

5. Sausages and biscuits aren't very good for you.

6. Would you like a fruit juice?

1 .5 Kevin, why did you decide to open a restaurant in Chile?

I'd always wanted to have my own restaurant and it would have been very expensive to do that in England.

I'd visited Chile as a tourist and loved it.

And I thought it would be a good place

because Chileans are very pro -European and are quite open to new things, new ideas.

So I opened Frederick's.

Right.

Why did you call the restaurant Frederick's?

Because Frederick's my father's name.

It's my second name, too.

What kind of food do you serve?

Mainly international dishes like pasta, steak and fries, risotto, but we also do several English dishes as well.

Were Chilean people surprised when they heard that an English chef was going to open a restaurant here?

Yes, they were.

Very.

I think people don't usually expect the English to be good cooks.

Is your chef English?

No, he's Chilean, but I've taught him to make some English dishes.

What kind of English dishes do you have on your menu?

Well, we're open in the morning.

and we serve traditional English breakfasts and then we have a lot of English desserts at lunchtime,

for example trifle, that's a typical English dessert made with fruit and cake and cream, and we do proper English teas in the afternoon,

tea with cakes or sandwiches.

Are the English dishes popular?

Yes, especially the desserts and cakes.

I think people here in Chile have a very sweet tooth.

People who visit England always say that the food isn't very good

or that you have to spend a lot of money to eat well.

Do you agree?

I think eating good food's never cheap, but I think that today the best place for a tourist to eat in England is in a pub,

especially the ones called gastropubs, pubs which are also restaurants.

These pubs are beginning to serve really good food that's not too expensive.

I see.

You said earlier that your chef was a man.

Do you have any women working in your kitchen?

Yes, one.

But the rest are all men.

In fact, I think that's typical all over the world.

There are far more men than women in restaurant kitchens.

Why do you think that is?

I think there are a lot of reasons.

The most important reason is probably the unsocial hours.

Most women don't want a job where you have to work until late at night.

Then there's the atmosphere.

Women don't like being shouted at and there's a lot of shouting in restaurant kitchens.

It's also usually incredibly hot and I think women don't like that either.

And finally, is there any English food that you really miss here?

The thing I miss most living in Chile is English cheese.

I really miss Stilton, which is a wonderful English blue cheese.

It's not as famous as some of the French cheese is like Roquefort, but I think it should be.

You should try it.

I will, Kevin.

Thank you very much.

Thank you.

1 .6 What was the most exciting match you refereed?

Oh, it's difficult to choose one match as the most exciting.

I remember some of the Real Madrid -Barcelona matches, for example, the first one I ever refereed.

The atmosphere was incredible in the stadium.

But really it's impossible to pick just one.

There have been so many.

Who was the best player you ever saw?

During my career there have been many great players, like Johan Cruyff and Diego Maradona.

It's very difficult to say who was the best.

But there's one player who stands out for me, not just for being a great footballer, but also for being a great human being.

100

And that was the Brazilian international Mauro Silva, who used to play here in Spain for Deportivo La Coruña.

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What was the worst experience you ever had as a referee?

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The worst?

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Well, that was something that happened very early in my career.

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I was only 16 and I was refereeing a match in a town in Spain and the home team lost.

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After the match, I was attacked and injured by the players of the home team and by the spectators.

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After all these years, I can still remember a mother who had a little baby in her arms who was trying to hit me.

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She was so angry with me that she nearly dropped her baby.

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That was my worst moment, and it nearly made me stop being a referee.

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Do you think that there's more cheating in football than in the past?

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Oh, yes, I think so.

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Why?

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I think it's because there's so much money in football today that it has become much more important to win.

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Also, football is much faster than it used to be, so it's more difficult for referees to detect cheating.

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How do footballers cheat?

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Oh, there are many ways.

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But for me, the worst thing in football today is what we call simulation.

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Simulation is when players pretend to have been fouled when they haven't been.

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For example, sometimes a player falls over in the penalty area when, in fact, nobody has touched him.

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And this can result in the referee giving a penalty when it wasn't a penalty.

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In my opinion, when a player does this, he's cheating not only the referee,

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not only the players of the other team, but also the spectators because spectators pay money to see a fair contest.

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What's the most difficult thing about being a referee?

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Ah, the most difficult thing is to make the right decisions during a match.

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It's difficult because you have to make decisions when everything's happening so quickly.

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Football today is very fast.

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Also, important decisions often depend on the referee's interpretation of the rules.

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Things aren't black and white.

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And, of course, making decisions would be much easier if players didn't cheat.

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So, in your opinion, fair play doesn't exist anymore?

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Oh, not at all.

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I think fair play does exist.

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The players who cheat are still the exceptions.

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1 .7

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Horse Or ball court court

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draw fort score sport warm up

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bird hurt Hurt.

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Serve.

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Shirt.

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World.

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Worse.

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1 .8.

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1. I got hurt when I caught the ball.

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2. Her serve's worse than the other girls.

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3. It was a draw.

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The score was 4 -all.

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4. It's the worst sport in the world.

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5. We warmed up on the court.

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6. They wore red shirts and white shorts.

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1 .9.

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1. So, what are you going to do next year, dear?

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Are you going to go to university?

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No, Gran.

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I've already told you three times I'm not going to university.

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I'm going to look for a job.

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I want to earn some money.

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Oh, all right, dear.

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You don't need to shout.

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I'm not deaf.

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What's the time now?

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Ten past five.

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Shall I make you a cup of tea?

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Oh, yes, dear.

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That'd be lovely.

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Two.

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See you tomorrow, then.

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Hold on a minute.

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Where are you going?

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Out.

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It's Friday night, remember?

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What time are you coming back?

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I'm not coming back.

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I'm staying at Mum's tonight.

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I think you need a coat.

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It's going to be cold tonight.

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Dad, nobody wears coats anymore.

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Bye.

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Three.

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Can I use your car tonight?

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No. Why not?

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You'll crash it again.

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I won't.

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I'll be really careful.

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I'll drive slowly.

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I promise.

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Okay.

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Here you are.

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But be careful.

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Thanks.

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See you later.

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1. Jealous Ambitious Generous 2.

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Sociable reliable 3 responsible sensible 4 competitive

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talkative aggressive sensitive 5 unfriendly

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Insecure Impatient 1 .11

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It's 8 o 'clock and time for breakfast time.

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Good morning, everyone.

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Our guest this morning is the American writer Nora Levy.

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Nora's here in Britain this week promoting her new book, We Are Family, which is all about how our position in the family affects our personality.

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Welcome, Nora.

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Thank you.

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Now, is this really true, Nora, that our position in the family affects our personality?

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Sure.

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OK.

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Other factors can influence your personality too, but your position in the family is definitely one of the strongest

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so tell us a bit about the oldest children in a

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family the firstborn well the oldest children get maximum attention from their parents

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and the result is that they're usually quite self -confident people.

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They make good leaders.

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The famous prime minister, Winston Churchill, was a firstborn child.

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They're often ambitious, and they're more likely to go to university than their brothers or sisters.

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They often get the top jobs, too.

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Oldest children are also responsible people, because they often have to look after their younger brothers or sisters.

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The downside of this is that sometimes this means that when they're older, they worry a lot about things they can also be quite bossy

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and even aggressive especially

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when they don't get what they want what about the middle child well middle children are usually independent

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and competitive competitive yes because they have to fight with their brothers

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and sisters for their parents attention

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and they're usually sociable they like being with people probably

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because they have always had other children to play with however

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on the negative side middle children are often jealous of their brothers

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and sisters and they can be moody hmm and youngest children

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if you're the youngest in a family you'll probably be very charming very affectionate

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and probably quite a relaxed person this is

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because parents are usually more relaxed

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when they have their last child on the other hand youngest children are often quite lazy this is

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because they always have their older brothers and sisters to help them

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and they can be quite manipulative they use their charm to get what they want

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okay that's all very interesting now i'm an only child people often have the idea

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that only children like me are spoiled is

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that true well of course it's true only children are the only ones they don't have to share with anyone

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so they're often spoiled by their parents

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and their grandparents as a result they can be quite selfish

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they think of themselves more than of other people okay well

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that sounds like a good description of me is there any good news yes

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there is on the positive side only children are usually very organized

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and responsible and they can be very imaginative too well thank you Nora

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and good luck with the book and now it's time for the news headlines

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so let me hand you back to the studio 1 .12 song we are family

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We'll be right back.

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I won't tell no lie.

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All of the people around us they say, can they be that close?

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Just let me stay for the record.

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We're giving love in a family dose.

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We are family.

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I got all my sisters with me.

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We are family

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Get up everybody

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Sing Sing it to me

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We are family I got all my sisters with me

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We are family

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Get up everybody

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Sing Living life is fun and we've just begun

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To get our share of this world's delight

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High, high hopes we have

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For the future and our golden sight

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No, we don't get depressed

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Here's what we call our golden rule

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Have faith in you and the things you do

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You won't go wrong, oh no

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This is our family too

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We are family I got all my sisters with me

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We are family

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Get up everybody and sing

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Sing it to me

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We are family I got all my sisters with me

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We are family 1 .13

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My name's Ali Gray, and I'm from Cambridge in England.

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I met Mark about a year ago.

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He's from San Francisco.

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We both work for MTC, a music company.

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I was working in the London office, and he came there on business.

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We got on really well and we really liked each other.

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Anyway, at the end of his trip, he invited me to go to a conference in San Francisco.

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We had a great time again.

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And then something amazing happened.

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When I was in San Francisco, I was offered a job in our new office in Paris.

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When I told

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Mark, he told me that he was going to work in the Paris office too.

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There's just one little thing.

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His job is marketing director, but mine is managing director, so I'm going to be his boss.

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I've been in Paris for three weeks now and I love it.

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Mark arrived from San Francisco yesterday.

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He's coming into the office this morning.

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1 .14 Hi, I'm Mark Ryder.

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Ah, you're the new marketing director.

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That's right.

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I'm Nicole Delacroix.

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I'm Ali's personal assistant.

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Welcome to Paris.

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Thank you.

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I'll just tell Ali you're here.

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Ali, Mark Ryder's here.

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Okay.

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You're from San Francisco, aren't you?

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Yes, I am.

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Hello, Mark.

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Ali, it's good to see you again.

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How are you?

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Very well.

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Did you have a good journey?

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Yes, fine.

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No problems.

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Let me introduce you to the team.

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You've met Nicole, my personal assistant.

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Yes, we've said hello.

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This is Jacques Lemaitre, our PR director.

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How do you do?

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Mark Ryder, how do you do?

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And this is Ben Watts, our designer.

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Hi, Mark.

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Great to meet you, Ben.

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We've heard a lot about you.

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Really?

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All good, I hope.

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Okay, shall we go to my office?

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Hi, I'm Mark Ryder.

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Welcome to Paris.

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You're from San Francisco, aren't you?

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It's good to see you again.

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Did you have a good journey?

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Let me introduce you to the team.

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You've met Nicole, my personal assistant.

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This is Jacques Lemaitre, our PR director.

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How do you do?

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Great to meet you, Ben.

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We've heard a lot about you.

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Me too.

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Why don't we sit down?

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So, did you like the office?

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Yes, it's great.

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How do you get on with everyone?

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Okay, but we'll see.

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I've only been here three weeks.

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What did you think of them?

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I thought Jacques was very nice, and Nicole...

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What about Nicole?

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She was very friendly.

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You know, we have to keep things a secret.

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What things?

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You know, us, our relationship.

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I don't want the people in the office to know we're together.

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No, of course not.

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But it isn't going to be easy.

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No, it isn't.

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How's the hotel?

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It's okay, I guess.

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But it's not like having my own place.

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I have to find an apartment.

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Don't worry, it won't take you long.

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What are you thinking?

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Do you really want to know?

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I was wondering what kind of a boss you'll be.

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Well, you'll find out tomorrow.

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What a lovely view.

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Why don't we sit down?

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I have to find an apartment.

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Don't worry, it won't take you long.

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I was wondering what kind of a boss you'll be.

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Well, you'll find out tomorrow.

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1 .18.

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1. I'm going to have a coffee.

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What do you want?

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I'll have an orange juice.

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What about Sally and Tim?

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Get them orange juice too.

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They said they were thirsty.

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Are you sure?

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I thought Sally wanted tea.

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No, she wanted something cold.

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OK then.

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2. Shall we stop and have something to eat?

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I don't want anything to eat, but let's stop.

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I'd like some water and I need to go to the toilet.

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Aren't you hungry?

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It's lunchtime.

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I'm starving.

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No, I really don't want anything.

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You're not on a diet, are you?

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No, but I'm not feeling 100%.

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It must be something I ate last night.

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3. It's a pity Robertson isn't still playing for us.

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He was much better than the players we've got now.

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Yeah, he was amazing.

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What happened to him?

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Do you know?

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He retired.

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I think he opened a pub.

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No, that was Gallagher.

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He opened a pub in Leeds.

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Oh yeah, that's right.

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I remember now.

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Robertson's working as a coach at Liverpool with a junior team, the 16 year olds.

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Oh, right.

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Well, I think he'd be a good coach.

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Four. Where are you going?

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Just for a run.

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I won't be long.

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Well, don't be late for lunch.

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Remember my mum's coming.

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Oh, right.

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Anyone else or just your mum?

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Your sister's coming.

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Don't you remember?

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Oh, yeah, that's right.

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I'm glad Anne's coming.

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I think she'll get on well with your mum.

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Do you need any help with the lunch?

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I'm OK for the moment, but I will later, so don't be too long.

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Right.

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I'll be about 20 minutes.

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Five.

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Speak for yourself.

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I think I'll get her a sweater.

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She never wears sweaters.

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Oh, you're so helpful.

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Sports Centre, good afternoon.

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Hello, I'd like to book a tennis court for Sunday, please.

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Are you a member?

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Yes, the name's Reed.

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R -E -I -D.

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Mark Reed.

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What's your membership number, please?

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It's 040155.

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Right, thanks.

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Here we are.

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A court for Sunday.

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Let's see, what time did you want it for?

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Er, from 8 to 9 in the evening.

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Oh, I'm afraid they're all full then.

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We've got one from 5 to 6, or 6 to 7.

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Hmm, er, 6 to 7 then.

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OK Mr Reid, that's court number five booked for you then.

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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “INTERMEDIATE - FILE 1 - AUDIO - STUDENT BOOK - NEW ENGLISH FILE”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 426개와 단어 3151개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 28:55입니다. 화자는 분당 약 109단어로 천천히 말해서 소리 하나하나를 따라 하기에 여유가 있습니다. 단어의 84%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요. 전체 426문장 중 74문장이 질문이어서 의문문 억양과 짧은 대답을 연습하기에 좋습니다.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
referee 명사	/ˌɹɛf.əˈɹi/	심판, 레퍼리
cheat 동사	/ˈt͡ʃiːt/	바람피우다, 바람을 피우다
dish 명사	/dɪʃ/	접시
juice 명사	/d͡ʒuːs/	즙
dessert 명사	/dɪˈzɝt/	후식, 디저트
penalty 명사	/ˈpɛn.əl.ti/	처벌, 형벌
menu 명사	/ˈmɛn.juː/	메뉴, 메뉴판
chef 명사	/ʃɛf/	요리사, 료리사
shout 동사	/ʃaʊt/	소리치다, 외치다
spectator 명사	/spɛkˈteɪtə/	관객, 관람객
atmosphere 명사	/ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/	대기, 대기권
introduce 동사	/ˌɪntɹəˈdus/	소개(紹介)하다
coat 명사	/ˈkoʊ̯t/	코트, 외투
aggressive 형용사	/əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/	공격적인, 침략적인
relax 동사	/ɹɪˈlæks/	늦추다, 편안히 하다

영상에 나오는 구동사

단어	뜻
get up 동사	일어나다
come back 동사	돌아오다
sit down 동사	앉다

따라 말해 볼 만한 문장

영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:

Do you ever eat unhealthy food?
What vegetables would you like with your steak?
Why don't we sit down?
What's your membership number, please?
Let's see, what time did you want it for?

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
“used to” used to + 동사 — 지금은 아닌 과거의 습관이나 상태	used to go · used to play · used to be
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	I've taught · have been · has become
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	being shouted · was attacked · have been fouled
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보	People who visit · pubs which are · Stilton, which is

주의할 발음

화자는 don't, I'm, they're 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 110번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“th” 소리: tooth /tuθ/, thirsty /ˈθɝs.ti/, unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/
“sh”와 “zh” 소리: dish /dɪʃ/, chef /ʃɛf/, shout /ʃaʊt/, ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/, simulation /ˌsɪm.jəˈleɪ.ʃn̩/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/, affectionate /əˈfɛkʃənət/, imaginative /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnətɪv/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: referee /ˌɹɛf.əˈɹi/, chef /ʃɛf/, atmosphere /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/, fry /fɹaɪ/, footballer /ˈfʊtbɔːlə/
/v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: aggressive /əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/, sensitive /ˈsɛn.sɪt.ɪv/, invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/, vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/, starve /stɑɹv/
/z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: dessert /dɪˈzɝt/, designer /dɪˈzaɪnɚ/, lazy /ˈleɪ̯zi(ː)/, organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/, risotto /ɹɪˈzoʊtoʊ/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, referee, cheat, dish 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 구동사

따라 말해 볼 만한 문장

이 영상의 문법

주의할 발음

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법