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1
1 .1 Romiko, what do you eat in a typical day?
2
I don't usually have breakfast because I can't get up early enough to eat.
3
I normally just buy a coffee and drink it in the office.
4
I usually have lunch in a restaurant near the office with people from work.
5
When I was younger, I used to go to fast food restaurants and have pizza or fried chicken and chips.
6
But now I prefer eating something healthier.
7
So I go to sushi restaurants or restaurants which serve organic food.
8
And for dinner, I eat out a lot too.
9
Do you ever cook?
10
Well, I like cooking, but I work very late every day.
11
And also my kitchen's too small.
12
My boyfriend's a better cook anyway.
13
Do you ever eat unhealthy food?
14
Well, I don't eat a lot of sweet things, but I drink a lot of coffee every day.
15
I think I'm addicted to caffeine.
16
Are you trying to cut down on anything at the moment?
17
No. I eat healthily and I do exercise regularly, so I don't think I need to cut down on food.
18
Are people's diets in your country getting better or worse?
19
Oh, probably worse.
20
I think the diet in Japan today is much more westernised than before and that's why some people are getting fatter.
21
But personally, I like the fact that there are more different kinds of food and restaurants now.
22
I enjoy the variety.
23
It makes eating out much more fun.
24
1 .2 Bull O Butcher Cook
25
Good sugar
26
boot food fruit juice mousse soup spoon
27
1 .3 1 knife biscuit salmon
28
sausages lettuce sugar yogurt menu diet
29
1 .4 1
30
The first course on the menu is lettuce soup.
31
What vegetables would you like with your steak?
32
Do you want yogurt or chocolate mousse for dessert?
33
I take two spoonfuls of sugar in my coffee.
34
5. Sausages and biscuits aren't very good for you.
35
6. Would you like a fruit juice?
36
1 .5 Kevin, why did you decide to open a restaurant in Chile?
37
I'd always wanted to have my own restaurant and it would have been very expensive to do that in England.
38
I'd visited Chile as a tourist and loved it.
39
And I thought it would be a good place
40
because Chileans are very pro -European and are quite open to new things, new ideas.
41
So I opened Frederick's.
42
Right.
43
Why did you call the restaurant Frederick's?
44
Because Frederick's my father's name.
45
It's my second name, too.
46
What kind of food do you serve?
47
Mainly international dishes like pasta, steak and fries, risotto, but we also do several English dishes as well.
48
Were Chilean people surprised when they heard that an English chef was going to open a restaurant here?
49
Yes, they were.
50
Very.
51
I think people don't usually expect the English to be good cooks.
52
Is your chef English?
53
No, he's Chilean, but I've taught him to make some English dishes.
54
What kind of English dishes do you have on your menu?
55
Well, we're open in the morning.
56
and we serve traditional English breakfasts and then we have a lot of English desserts at lunchtime,
57
for example trifle, that's a typical English dessert made with fruit and cake and cream, and we do proper English teas in the afternoon,
58
tea with cakes or sandwiches.
59
Are the English dishes popular?
60
Yes, especially the desserts and cakes.
61
I think people here in Chile have a very sweet tooth.
62
People who visit England always say that the food isn't very good
63
or that you have to spend a lot of money to eat well.
64
Do you agree?
65
I think eating good food's never cheap, but I think that today the best place for a tourist to eat in England is in a pub,
66
especially the ones called gastropubs, pubs which are also restaurants.
67
These pubs are beginning to serve really good food that's not too expensive.
68
I see.
69
You said earlier that your chef was a man.
70
Do you have any women working in your kitchen?
71
Yes, one.
72
But the rest are all men.
73
In fact, I think that's typical all over the world.
74
There are far more men than women in restaurant kitchens.
75
Why do you think that is?
76
I think there are a lot of reasons.
77
The most important reason is probably the unsocial hours.
78
Most women don't want a job where you have to work until late at night.
79
Then there's the atmosphere.
80
Women don't like being shouted at and there's a lot of shouting in restaurant kitchens.
81
It's also usually incredibly hot and I think women don't like that either.
82
And finally, is there any English food that you really miss here?
83
The thing I miss most living in Chile is English cheese.
84
I really miss Stilton, which is a wonderful English blue cheese.
85
It's not as famous as some of the French cheese is like Roquefort, but I think it should be.
86
You should try it.
87
I will, Kevin.
88
Thank you very much.
89
Thank you.
90
1 .6 What was the most exciting match you refereed?
91
Oh, it's difficult to choose one match as the most exciting.
92
I remember some of the Real Madrid -Barcelona matches, for example, the first one I ever refereed.
93
The atmosphere was incredible in the stadium.
94
But really it's impossible to pick just one.
95
There have been so many.
96
Who was the best player you ever saw?
97
During my career there have been many great players, like Johan Cruyff and Diego Maradona.
98
It's very difficult to say who was the best.
99
But there's one player who stands out for me, not just for being a great footballer, but also for being a great human being.
100
And that was the Brazilian international Mauro Silva, who used to play here in Spain for Deportivo La Coruña.
101
What was the worst experience you ever had as a referee?
102
The worst?
103
Well, that was something that happened very early in my career.
104
I was only 16 and I was refereeing a match in a town in Spain and the home team lost.
105
After the match, I was attacked and injured by the players of the home team and by the spectators.
106
After all these years, I can still remember a mother who had a little baby in her arms who was trying to hit me.
107
She was so angry with me that she nearly dropped her baby.
108
That was my worst moment, and it nearly made me stop being a referee.
109
Do you think that there's more cheating in football than in the past?
110
Oh, yes, I think so.
111
Why?
112
I think it's because there's so much money in football today that it has become much more important to win.
113
Also, football is much faster than it used to be, so it's more difficult for referees to detect cheating.
114
How do footballers cheat?
115
Oh, there are many ways.
116
But for me, the worst thing in football today is what we call simulation.
117
Simulation is when players pretend to have been fouled when they haven't been.
118
For example, sometimes a player falls over in the penalty area when, in fact, nobody has touched him.
119
And this can result in the referee giving a penalty when it wasn't a penalty.
120
In my opinion, when a player does this, he's cheating not only the referee,
121
not only the players of the other team, but also the spectators because spectators pay money to see a fair contest.
122
What's the most difficult thing about being a referee?
123
Ah, the most difficult thing is to make the right decisions during a match.
124
It's difficult because you have to make decisions when everything's happening so quickly.
125
Football today is very fast.
126
Also, important decisions often depend on the referee's interpretation of the rules.
127
Things aren't black and white.
128
And, of course, making decisions would be much easier if players didn't cheat.
129
So, in your opinion, fair play doesn't exist anymore?
130
Oh, not at all.
131
I think fair play does exist.
132
The players who cheat are still the exceptions.
133
1 .7
134
Horse Or ball court court
135
draw fort score sport warm up
136
bird hurt Hurt.
137
Serve.
138
Shirt.
139
World.
140
Worse.
141
1 .8.
142
1. I got hurt when I caught the ball.
143
2. Her serve's worse than the other girls.
144
3. It was a draw.
145
The score was 4 -all.
146
4. It's the worst sport in the world.
147
5. We warmed up on the court.
148
6. They wore red shirts and white shorts.
149
1 .9.
150
1. So, what are you going to do next year, dear?
151
Are you going to go to university?
152
No, Gran.
153
I've already told you three times I'm not going to university.
154
I'm going to look for a job.
155
I want to earn some money.
156
Oh, all right, dear.
157
You don't need to shout.
158
I'm not deaf.
159
What's the time now?
160
Ten past five.
161
Shall I make you a cup of tea?
162
Oh, yes, dear.
163
That'd be lovely.
164
Two.
165
See you tomorrow, then.
166
Hold on a minute.
167
Where are you going?
168
Out.
169
It's Friday night, remember?
170
What time are you coming back?
171
I'm not coming back.
172
I'm staying at Mum's tonight.
173
I think you need a coat.
174
It's going to be cold tonight.
175
Dad, nobody wears coats anymore.
176
Bye.
177
Three.
178
Can I use your car tonight?
179
No. Why not?
180
You'll crash it again.
181
I won't.
182
I'll be really careful.
183
I'll drive slowly.
184
I promise.
185
Okay.
186
Here you are.
187
But be careful.
188
Thanks.
189
See you later.
190
1. Jealous Ambitious Generous 2.
191
Sociable reliable 3 responsible sensible 4 competitive
192
talkative aggressive sensitive 5 unfriendly
193
Insecure Impatient 1 .11
194
It's 8 o 'clock and time for breakfast time.
195
Good morning, everyone.
196
Our guest this morning is the American writer Nora Levy.
197
Nora's here in Britain this week promoting her new book, We Are Family, which is all about how our position in the family affects our personality.
198
Welcome, Nora.
199
Thank you.
200
Now, is this really true, Nora, that our position in the family affects our personality?
201
Sure.
202
OK.
203
Other factors can influence your personality too, but your position in the family is definitely one of the strongest
204
so tell us a bit about the oldest children in a
205
family the firstborn well the oldest children get maximum attention from their parents
206
and the result is that they're usually quite self -confident people.
207
They make good leaders.
208
The famous prime minister, Winston Churchill, was a firstborn child.
209
They're often ambitious, and they're more likely to go to university than their brothers or sisters.
210
They often get the top jobs, too.
211
Oldest children are also responsible people, because they often have to look after their younger brothers or sisters.
212
The downside of this is that sometimes this means that when they're older, they worry a lot about things they can also be quite bossy
213
and even aggressive especially
214
when they don't get what they want what about the middle child well middle children are usually independent
215
and competitive competitive yes because they have to fight with their brothers
216
and sisters for their parents attention
217
and they're usually sociable they like being with people probably
218
because they have always had other children to play with however
219
on the negative side middle children are often jealous of their brothers
220
and sisters and they can be moody hmm and youngest children
221
if you're the youngest in a family you'll probably be very charming very affectionate
222
and probably quite a relaxed person this is
223
because parents are usually more relaxed
224
when they have their last child on the other hand youngest children are often quite lazy this is
225
because they always have their older brothers and sisters to help them
226
and they can be quite manipulative they use their charm to get what they want
227
okay that's all very interesting now i'm an only child people often have the idea
228
that only children like me are spoiled is
229
that true well of course it's true only children are the only ones they don't have to share with anyone
230
so they're often spoiled by their parents
231
and their grandparents as a result they can be quite selfish
232
they think of themselves more than of other people okay well
233
that sounds like a good description of me is there any good news yes
234
there is on the positive side only children are usually very organized
235
and responsible and they can be very imaginative too well thank you Nora
236
and good luck with the book and now it's time for the news headlines
237
so let me hand you back to the studio 1 .12 song we are family
238
We'll be right back.
239
I won't tell no lie.
240
All of the people around us they say, can they be that close?
241
Just let me stay for the record.
242
We're giving love in a family dose.
243
We are family.
244
I got all my sisters with me.
245
We are family
246
Get up everybody
247
Sing Sing it to me
248
We are family I got all my sisters with me
249
We are family
250
Get up everybody
251
Sing Living life is fun and we've just begun
252
To get our share of this world's delight
253
High, high hopes we have
254
For the future and our golden sight
255
No, we don't get depressed
256
Here's what we call our golden rule
257
Have faith in you and the things you do
258
You won't go wrong, oh no
259
This is our family too
260
We are family I got all my sisters with me
261
We are family
262
Get up everybody and sing
263
Sing it to me
264
We are family I got all my sisters with me
265
We are family 1 .13
266
My name's Ali Gray, and I'm from Cambridge in England.
267
I met Mark about a year ago.
268
He's from San Francisco.
269
We both work for MTC, a music company.
270
I was working in the London office, and he came there on business.
271
We got on really well and we really liked each other.
272
Anyway, at the end of his trip, he invited me to go to a conference in San Francisco.
273
We had a great time again.
274
And then something amazing happened.
275
When I was in San Francisco, I was offered a job in our new office in Paris.
276
When I told
277
Mark, he told me that he was going to work in the Paris office too.
278
There's just one little thing.
279
His job is marketing director, but mine is managing director, so I'm going to be his boss.
280
I've been in Paris for three weeks now and I love it.
281
Mark arrived from San Francisco yesterday.
282
He's coming into the office this morning.
283
1 .14 Hi, I'm Mark Ryder.
284
Ah, you're the new marketing director.
285
That's right.
286
I'm Nicole Delacroix.
287
I'm Ali's personal assistant.
288
Welcome to Paris.
289
Thank you.
290
I'll just tell Ali you're here.
291
Ali, Mark Ryder's here.
292
Okay.
293
You're from San Francisco, aren't you?
294
Yes, I am.
295
Hello, Mark.
296
Ali, it's good to see you again.
297
How are you?
298
Very well.
299
Did you have a good journey?
300
Yes, fine.
301
No problems.
302
Let me introduce you to the team.
303
You've met Nicole, my personal assistant.
304
Yes, we've said hello.
305
This is Jacques Lemaitre, our PR director.
306
How do you do?
307
Mark Ryder, how do you do?
308
And this is Ben Watts, our designer.
309
Hi, Mark.
310
Great to meet you, Ben.
311
We've heard a lot about you.
312
Really?
313
All good, I hope.
314
Okay, shall we go to my office?
315
Hi, I'm Mark Ryder.
316
Welcome to Paris.
317
You're from San Francisco, aren't you?
318
It's good to see you again.
319
Did you have a good journey?
320
Let me introduce you to the team.
321
You've met Nicole, my personal assistant.
322
This is Jacques Lemaitre, our PR director.
323
How do you do?
324
Great to meet you, Ben.
325
We've heard a lot about you.
326
Me too.
327
Why don't we sit down?
328
So, did you like the office?
329
Yes, it's great.
330
How do you get on with everyone?
331
Okay, but we'll see.
332
I've only been here three weeks.
333
What did you think of them?
334
I thought Jacques was very nice, and Nicole...
335
What about Nicole?
336
She was very friendly.
337
You know, we have to keep things a secret.
338
What things?
339
You know, us, our relationship.
340
I don't want the people in the office to know we're together.
341
No, of course not.
342
But it isn't going to be easy.
343
No, it isn't.
344
How's the hotel?
345
It's okay, I guess.
346
But it's not like having my own place.
347
I have to find an apartment.
348
Don't worry, it won't take you long.
349
What are you thinking?
350
Do you really want to know?
351
I was wondering what kind of a boss you'll be.
352
Well, you'll find out tomorrow.
353
What a lovely view.
354
Why don't we sit down?
355
I have to find an apartment.
356
Don't worry, it won't take you long.
357
I was wondering what kind of a boss you'll be.
358
Well, you'll find out tomorrow.
359
1 .18.
360
1. I'm going to have a coffee.
361
What do you want?
362
I'll have an orange juice.
363
What about Sally and Tim?
364
Get them orange juice too.
365
They said they were thirsty.
366
Are you sure?
367
I thought Sally wanted tea.
368
No, she wanted something cold.
369
OK then.
370
2. Shall we stop and have something to eat?
371
I don't want anything to eat, but let's stop.
372
I'd like some water and I need to go to the toilet.
373
Aren't you hungry?
374
It's lunchtime.
375
I'm starving.
376
No, I really don't want anything.
377
You're not on a diet, are you?
378
No, but I'm not feeling 100%.
379
It must be something I ate last night.
380
3. It's a pity Robertson isn't still playing for us.
381
He was much better than the players we've got now.
382
Yeah, he was amazing.
383
What happened to him?
384
Do you know?
385
He retired.
386
I think he opened a pub.
387
No, that was Gallagher.
388
He opened a pub in Leeds.
389
Oh yeah, that's right.
390
I remember now.
391
Robertson's working as a coach at Liverpool with a junior team, the 16 year olds.
392
Oh, right.
393
Well, I think he'd be a good coach.
394
Four. Where are you going?
395
Just for a run.
396
I won't be long.
397
Well, don't be late for lunch.
398
Remember my mum's coming.
399
Oh, right.
400
Anyone else or just your mum?
401
Your sister's coming.
402
Don't you remember?
403
Oh, yeah, that's right.
404
I'm glad Anne's coming.
405
I think she'll get on well with your mum.
406
Do you need any help with the lunch?
407
I'm OK for the moment, but I will later, so don't be too long.
408
Right.
409
I'll be about 20 minutes.
410
Five.
411
Speak for yourself.
412
I think I'll get her a sweater.
413
She never wears sweaters.
414
Oh, you're so helpful.
415
Sports Centre, good afternoon.
416
Hello, I'd like to book a tennis court for Sunday, please.
417
Are you a member?
418
Yes, the name's Reed.
419
R -E -I -D.
420
Mark Reed.
421
What's your membership number, please?
422
It's 040155.
423
Right, thanks.
424
Here we are.
425
A court for Sunday.
426
Let's see, what time did you want it for?
427
Er, from 8 to 9 in the evening.
428
Oh, I'm afraid they're all full then.
429
We've got one from 5 to 6, or 6 to 7.
430
Hmm, er, 6 to 7 then.
431
OK Mr Reid, that's court number five booked for you then.
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บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “INTERMEDIATE - FILE 1 - AUDIO - STUDENT BOOK - NEW ENGLISH FILE” เป็นสื่อ วิดีโอนี้มี 426 ประโยค และ 3151 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 28:55 ผู้พูดพูดช้า ประมาณ 109 คำต่อนาที จึงมีเวลาเลียนแบบทุกเสียง 84% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก จากทั้งหมด 426 ประโยค มี 74 ประโยคเป็นคำถาม จึงเหมาะสำหรับฝึกน้ำเสียงประโยคคำถามและการตอบสั้น ๆ
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คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| referee คำนาม | /ˌɹɛf.əˈɹi/ | ผู้ตัดสิน |
| cheat คำกริยา | /ˈt͡ʃiːt/ | โกง |
| dish คำนาม | /dɪʃ/ | จาน |
| juice คำนาม | /d͡ʒuːs/ | น้ำผลไม้, น้ำ |
| dessert คำนาม | /dɪˈzɝt/ | อาหารหวาน, ขนม |
| menu คำนาม | /ˈmɛn.juː/ | เมนู |
| chef คำนาม | /ʃɛf/ | หัวหน้าพ่อครัว, เชฟ |
| shout คำกริยา | /ʃaʊt/ | ตะโกน, กระโชก |
| spectator คำนาม | /spɛkˈteɪtə/ | คนดู, ผู้ดู |
| atmosphere คำนาม | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | บรรยากาศ |
| introduce คำกริยา | /ˌɪntɹəˈdus/ | แนะนำ |
| coat คำนาม | /ˈkoʊ̯t/ | เสื้อนอก, เสื้อโค้ท |
| aggressive คำคุณศัพท์ | /əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/ | ก้าวร้าว, ออกตัวแรง |
| relax คำกริยา | /ɹɪˈlæks/ | ผ่อนคลาย |
| pub คำนาม | /pʌb/ | ร้านเหล้า, ผับ |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| get up คำกริยา | ลุก |
| come back คำกริยา | กลับมา |
| sit down คำกริยา | นั่ง |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- Do you ever eat unhealthy food?
- What vegetables would you like with your steak?
- Why don't we sit down?
- What's your membership number, please?
- Let's see, what time did you want it for?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| “used to” used to + กริยา — นิสัยหรือสภาพในอดีตที่ตอนนี้ไม่เป็นแล้ว | used to go · used to play · used to be |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | I've taught · have been · has become |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | being shouted · was attacked · have been fouled |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | People who visit · pubs which are · Stilton, which is |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 110 ครั้ง เช่น don't, I'm, they're ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: tooth /tuθ/, thirsty /ˈθɝs.ti/, unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: dish /dɪʃ/, chef /ʃɛf/, shout /ʃaʊt/, ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/, simulation /ˌsɪm.jəˈleɪ.ʃn̩/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/, affectionate /əˈfɛkʃənət/, imaginative /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnətɪv/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: dish /dɪʃ/, juice /d͡ʒuːs/, chef /ʃɛf/, introduce /ˌɪntɹəˈdus/, aggressive /əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: aggressive /əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/, sensitive /ˈsɛn.sɪt.ɪv/, invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/, vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/, starve /stɑɹv/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: dessert /dɪˈzɝt/, designer /dɪˈzaɪnɚ/, lazy /ˈleɪ̯zi(ː)/, organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/, risotto /ɹɪˈzoʊtoʊ/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง referee, cheat, dish เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ