쉐도잉 연습: The Engineering Process: Crash Course Kids #12.2 - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
레슨 만드는 중...
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I'm going to take a wild guess and say you've probably used the phone.
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And I bet you've enjoyed the benefits of a little thing we call air conditioning.
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You know who made those things possible?
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Engineers.
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We were just talking about engineers in our last video, people who design and build things to solve problems, and there are lots of different kinds of engineers.
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No matter what type of engineer you want to be though, civil, mechanical, electrical, or a kind that doesn't even exist yet,
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there's a series of steps that all engineers follow when they're trying to solve a problem.
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This process is called, wait for it, the engineering process.
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Makes sense to me.
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So what sort of steps are included in the engineering process?
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And why do we need it?
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Let's go through it step by step and discover how awesome things are made.
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First thing you gotta do is just define the problem.
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I mean, before you can solve a problem, you have to figure out what it is, right?
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For example, back in the 1800s, an engineer named Alexander Graham Bell was trying to come up with a simpler, cheaper way for people to communicate.
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Back then, the best you could do was a telegraph, which was an old -fashioned system of sending messages over electrical wires.
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Bell identified his problem.
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Communicating with people who were far away was expensive and took a lot of time.
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So his invention, or solution to this problem, was something you may have heard of.
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The telephone.
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Nice.
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Now, once you've figured out what problem you want to tackle, you need to do your research.
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You can start by just making a list of questions you have and what information you need to start answering them.
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You can also look around and find what other things already exist that have tried to solve this same problem.
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Maybe they can be improved.
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A good example here is the man who helped us blow stuff up.
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The chemist and engineer Alfred Nobel invented the explosive known as dynamite.
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Not because he particularly enjoyed explosions, but because miners and other people who, well, needed to blow stuff up to do their jobs, needed an explosive that was safer to use.
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So before he started on that problem, Nobel did research to see what explosives already existed, which ones worked well and which ones didn't.
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This takes us to step three, develop a solution.
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After your research is done, this is where you say exactly how you think you can solve the problem.
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And once you've thought of a good solution, you have to figure out how it'll actually work and what it will look like.
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So you have to design your solution.
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This is where you get to draw.
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Civil engineers always sketch out their ideas, like buildings and bridges and towers, to show what they'll look like when they're done.
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Gustave Yiffel designed the famous Eiffel Tower in France, and he definitely showed up on day one of construction knowing exactly what it was going to look like.
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On to step five, build a prototype.
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A prototype is just a simple model that lets you test out your design.
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It can be as big as the real thing's going to be, or it can be a smaller version.
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You just need to have a prototype so you can test it.
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This may be the most important step in the whole process.
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Engineers need to test their design to see if it works like they want it to.
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So say if your building's a big tower, does it stand up?
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Does it stay standing up?
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If you're designing something with moving parts, does it work the way you want?
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Now take it from me, my future engineers you might have a great idea, a really terrific solution to a really big problem.
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But when you get to this step, your prototype probably won't work exactly the way you want.
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At least, not on the first try.
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Most engineers test their prototypes over and over and over again.
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That's why a lot of time and brainpower goes into the very last step, evaluating your solutions.
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Evaluating just means asking yourself whether things are working the way you want, or why they are, or aren't.
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I like to think of this step as question everything.
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This is when engineers review all of the facts and ask themselves questions, followed by even more questions.
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What worked well?
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Why did it work?
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Why didn't it work?
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How could it be made better?
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And most of the time, the answers to these questions are going to send you back several steps.
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Like, once you've figured out why your prototype wasn't working, you'll have to design a new solution and then build it and then test it again.
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Sometimes, engineers go through this process four, five, even six times or more.
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Take Willis Carrier, the inventor of modern air conditioning.
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He tested his prototypes for years before he figured out the design
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that worked the way he wanted and solved the problem he wanted to fix.
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Like all engineers, he failed a lot before he succeeded.
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And that's okay because he learned something from every failure, which made his product even better in the end.
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And I, for one, am glad he kept going.
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So the engineering process is a series of steps that engineers, or anyone, should use when they're facing a challenge.
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The process is important because it allows engineers to experiment, and also, to fail.
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Both of these things give engineers a chance to go back and improve on their original idea, giving us something even better down the road.
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So the next time you fail at something, don't feel too bad.
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Think about the telephone, and the air conditioner, and the Eiffel Tower.
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And then try again.
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Thank you.
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이 클립의 말하기 목표
이 비디오는 과학적 프로세스 설명과 복잡한 아이디어 전달에 중점을 둔 유창성 목표를 달성하는 데 도움을 줍니다. 공학 프로세스의 단계를 순서대로 설명하면서, 구체적인 예시를 활용해 논리적으로 이야기를 전개하는 능력을 기릅니다. 특히 "문제 정의", "연구", "해결책 개발"과 같은 전문 용어를 자연스럽게 사용하는 법을 배우며, 영어로 기술적인 내용을 명확히 말하는 실력을 키울 수 있습니다.
유용한 표현 모음
- come up with a simpler, cheaper way - 더 간단하고 저렴한 방법을 생각해내다
- take a wild guess - 대충 추측해 보다
- test out your design - 디자인을 테스트하다
- go through this process - 이 과정을 거치다
- question everything - 모든 것을 의문으로 삼다
- send you back several steps - 몇 단계 뒤로 돌아가게 하다
약점을 보완하세요
이 비디오는 영어 발음 교정뿐만 아니라 리듬과 강세를 개선하는 데 효과적입니다. 특히 "engineering process", "prototype", "evaluate"와 같은 길고 어려운 단어의 발음을 연습할 수 있으며, 문장 내에서 중요한 정보를 강조하는 방법을 배울 수 있습니다. shadow speech (쉐도잉) 연습에 적합한 콘텐츠로, narrator의 말을 따라하면서 발음, 속도, 억양을 동시에 학습할 수 있습니다. 예를 들어 "This process is called, wait for it, 'the engineering process.'"에서 "wait for it" 부분의 강세와 일시정지가 어떻게 의미를 강조하는지 주의깊게 들으면, 영어의 리듬을 더 자연스럽게 이해할 수 있습니다. 영상 영어 공부를 할 때 이와 같은 세부적인 부분을 분석하며 연습하면, 말하기의 자연스러움이 크게 향상됩니다.
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | is called · are included · are made |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | you've enjoyed · you've figured · have tried |
| 관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보 | people who design · telegraph, which was · people who were |
| 과거진행 was/were + -ing — 과거의 어느 시점에 진행 중이던 동작 | were just talking · was trying · wasn't working |
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.