쉐도잉 연습: Why Are So Many People Finding Stoicism in Our Modern Day? - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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Having the emotion, to me, is different than acting on the emotion.

Aha.

Lincoln famously would get upset, as all leaders do.

And he would write these letters, but then he would put the letters in a drawer and not send them.

Right?

You can be angry.

You don't have to hit send.

So 15 books you've written about this.

What is stoicism, and how do you explain it?

Well, I think the stereotype you mentioned is a good place to start.

People think stoic means has no emotions, invulnerable.

That's what we would call lowercase stoic.

That's what the word means.

And it was just like Epicurean means loves food, but it's actually also a 2 ,500 -year -old ancient philosophy.

And so I sort of define stoicism as this idea that we don't control what happens, but we control how we respond to what happens.

And the Stoics believed that everything was an opportunity to practice virtue.

And those four virtues for the Stoics were courage, temperance or self -discipline, justice, and wisdom.

And so the idea is that life can throw a lot at you, but it can't prevent you from acting with virtue.

That's something you could do in prison.

You could also do as the emperor of Rome.

And so Stoicism then is this sort of toolkit for dealing with a world where the vast majority...

So it's not a religion.

I don't think so.

It's a way of living.

And there have been the Stoics lived in a world of the gods and there have been Stoics since, you know, God.

It's, I think, perfectly compatible with a variety of different faiths, but it's mostly a way of living, a set of ideas.

Now, when I read Obstacle is the Way, I was struck by how simple the idea is

And yet how radical it also becomes when you actually try to live it, that the very thing, y 'all,

blocking your path might actually be the path.

So Marcus Aurelius, emperor of Rome around the year 170, wrote, what stands in the way becomes the way.

Yeah.

And I had not come across that as a philosophy.

How does what's standing in the way become the way, Ryan?

I think what he's specifically talking about makes it very clear.

So the obstacle he's referring to, because he's writing in meditations, which is just his private thoughts.

So he's not saying it to us.

He's saying it to himself.

And he's talking about difficult and annoying people.

He's saying difficult and annoying people can get in our way.

They can cause problems for us, right?

Our opponents, our competitors, anyone can cause problems for us but they can't prevent us from moving forward

because they're actually presenting us a new way to move forward, whether it's patience, whether it's forgiveness, whether it's creativity or perseverance.

So for the Stoics, when they say the obstacle is the way, sometimes you can transform what you're dealing with into some huge opportunity to move forward in a professional capacity.

But always in a personal capacity,

we're being challenged and tested we're given an opportunity to practice some kind of excellence,

some reach for us that maybe we wouldn't have done under ordinary circumstances, but this circumstance we're in gives us the chance to do that.

That's what he means.

So you write about persistent, directed action, and you say action is the solution and cure to our predicaments.

How do people take action when they're stuck, when they don't know what to do.

Most people don't take action because they're stuck.

One of the Stoic philosophers, Seneca, he said that the one thing all fools have in common is that they're always getting ready to start.

So we say we're going to do it later.

We say we're going to do it tomorrow.

We say we're going to do it when things go back to normal.

All fools have this in common.

I was thinking, okay, I'm in that fool category.

Me too.

I'm getting ready.

Yeah, we're working ourselves up to it.

Yeah.

And really we gotta get started.

We gotta, what's the smallest thing?

What's the next right thing that we can do?

Yeah.

One of my favorite writing rules is just a couple crappy pages a day.

Yeah.

You know, just get started.

Don't overthink it.

Don't let perfection be a form of paralysis.

Yeah.

But what can you do right now that at least makes a small positive difference?

Yeah, so even if you're tired, even if you're discouraged, you still take action no matter what.

Well, that's what discipline is, right?

Doing it when you don't want to do it

or you don't have to do it or you have a good excuse to not do it.

Yeah.

Well, one of the sentences, the first sentences that stood out for me is, it doesn't matter what happens to us.

It can be for the best if we use it to be better for ourselves and others.

I think that's true.

Sounds crazy, but also really challenging to apply.

And in order to make it real, you organize the book around the three principles, perception, action, and will.

Yeah.

Okay.

That's how the Stoics try to approach every situation they're in.

First, how do we think about this?

What's the story I'm telling myself about it?

What's my view on it?

The Stoics remind themselves that, you know, it's not things that are the problem.

It's our opinion about those things, right?

The story we tell ourselves about it, You know, this was unfair.

This was cruel.

I was humiliated.

These are all subjective interpretations of an objective event.

So first, how do we see this?

That's really, really essential.

Well, that's so interesting because since reading so many of your books and other people's books about stoicism, I now ask people, I used to say,

oh, say, tell me what happened.

100

I've now caught myself saying, what's the story you're telling yourself about this?

101

Do you know what my therapist said to me once.

102

I said, you know, I gave some interpretation of an event and she corrected me and she said, no, no, no. What you make up about this is.

103

Yes.

104

Right.

105

It is.

106

And then what I make up about it is my interpretation.

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That's right.

108

So what is the story you have made up about what is actually happening?

109

Yes.

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Yes.

111

And so stoicism is training to be able to see things as objectively, as dispassionately as possible, not in the sway of our initial impression

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or our emotions or our bias or whatever pattern we have followed our whole life.

113

Okay, could you give me an example using perception?

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Yeah.

115

Okay, first and foremost, something happens and then we say, this is bad.

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Yeah.

117

Or this is unrecoverable from, you know, my reputation has been damaged.

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That interpretation and stepping back and going, no, no, no, no. Somebody else might see this totally different.

119

Or had I not known that this happened, had someone said that rude remark to you and you just didn't hear it, or your phone deleted the email, would your life be ruined?

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No, it's just that you know about it and then you have an opinion about it that is the problem.

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So trying to step back and see the thing first and foremost objectively.

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And then I think what we can get better at is going, hey, if I have the power to tell myself a negative story about this, I also have the power to tell myself a positive story about this.

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And that's where, when we say the obstacle is the way, what we mean is, hey, this is a chance for me to do something that I couldn't do under ordinary circumstances.

124

So how do we, Ryan, train ourselves to see clearly when emotions are running high?

125

How do you, so in every situation, you first do the assessment.

126

Yeah.

127

Yeah.

128

And you sort of step back and you don't shut down your emotions or do you shut down your emotions?

129

I don't think you shut them down.

130

I think the stereotype...

131

You repress your emotion.

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What do you do?

133

Having the emotion to me is different than acting on the emotion.

134

Uh -huh.

135

Lincoln famously would get upset as all leaders do.

136

And he would write these letters, but then he would put the letters in a drawer and not send them.

137

Right.

138

You can be angry.

139

You don't you don't have to hit send because you can take a minute to think about it.

140

So to me, Stoicism is that reflection, that pause after the initial impression.

141

The Stoics are talking about taking every interpretation, every view, every instinct, every impulse, and putting it to the test, going, hey, how am I gonna feel about this later?

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Am I sure I'm not gonna regret this?

143

Is this actually making it better or worse?

144

So the Stoic philosophy is not to act, not to react emotionally, is to take a moment, take the whole thing in,

145

and see, try to look at it from the perspective of what is actually happening here, and not just the story I'm telling myself about what's happening here.

146

Yeah, it's that pause between the stimulus and the thing you do.

147

Thank you.

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이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 147개와 단어 1571개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 9:10입니다. 화자는 분당 약 171단어로, 일상 대화에 가까운 자연스러운 속도로 말합니다. 단어의 87%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속해 어휘가 쉬운 편입니다.

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영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
emotion 명사	/ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/	감정
interpretation 명사	/ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/	통역
obstacle 명사	/ˈɑbstəkəl/	장애, 장애물
circumstance 명사	/ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/	상황
ordinary 형용사	/ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/	정규의, 보통의
impression 명사	/ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/	인상
emperor 명사	/ˈɛmp(ə)ɹə/	황제, 천황
discipline 명사	/ˈdɪsəplɪn/	규율
pause 명사	/pɔːz/	멈춤, 휴지
drawer 명사	/dɹɔɹ/	서랍
vast 형용사	/væst/	광대하다, 거대하다
reputation 명사	/ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/	평판, 명성
assessment 명사	/əˈsɛsmənt/	평가
refer 동사	/ɹɪˈfɜː/	언급하다
regret 동사	/ɹɪˈɡɹɛt/	후회하다

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화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	you've written · have been · I've now caught
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	was struck · being challenged · was humiliated

주의할 발음

화자는 don't, we're, I'm 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 47번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“sh”와 “zh” 소리: emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/, impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/, perception /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/, reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, emotionally /ɪˈməʊʃənəli/, creativity /kri.eɪˈtɪv.ᵻ.ti/

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자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, emotion, interpretation, obstacle 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

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