레슨 53 · 4단계: 시제와 조동사
“was going to”
중급“Was going to”
형태와 쓰임
was/were going to + 동사 — 과거의 계획, 이루어지지 않은 경우가 많음
1.형태
Was / were going to + 동사원형은 going to를 과거로 옮긴 형태입니다. 그때 하려고 계획했던 일이나 일어날 거라고 예상했던 일을 나타냅니다.
| I / he / she / it | you / we / they | |
|---|---|---|
| 긍정문 | I was going to call. | We were going to call. |
| 부정문 | She wasn't going to say anything. | They weren't going to come. |
| 의문문 | Was he going to stay? | Were you going to tell me? |
| 짧은 대답 | Yes, he was. / No, he wasn't. | Yes, we were. / No, they weren't. |
빠르게 말할 때 going to는 흔히 gonna처럼 들립니다: I was gonna call you. 알아듣는 것은 좋지만, 글로 쓸 때(시험, 업무 이메일)는 going to라고 온전히 쓰세요.
2.언제 쓰나요
1. 이루어지지 않은 과거의 계획 — 뒤에 but이 오는 경우가 아주 많음
I was going to cook tonight, but I got home too late.
오늘 저녁에 요리하려고 했는데, 집에 너무 늦게 왔어요.
We were going to have a picnic, but it poured all afternoon.
소풍을 가려고 했는데, 오후 내내 비가 퍼부었어요.
I wasn't going to buy anything, but the shoes were on sale.
아무것도 안 사려고 했는데, 신발이 세일 중이었어요.
2. 과거에 한 예측 — 그때는 분명히 일어날 것 같았음(나중에 실제로 일어났을 수도, 아닐 수도 있음)
Everyone knew the final was going to be close.
결승전이 박빙일 거라는 건 모두 알고 있었어요.
I thought the meeting was going to finish early, but it went on until seven.
회의가 일찍 끝날 줄 알았는데, 7시까지 계속됐어요.
3. 막 무언가를 하려던 참에 방해를 받음 — just와 자주 함께 씀
I was just going to text you when you called!
막 문자 보내려던 참에 네가 전화했어!
Sorry, what were you going to say?
미안, 뭐라고 말하려고 했어?
흔한 실수는 “I am going to call you, but I forgot.”입니다. 계획이 과거의 것이라면(but I forgot) going to도 과거로 바꿔야 합니다: I was going to call you, but I forgot.
3.비슷한 형태와 비교
| 문장 | 뜻 |
|---|---|
| I'm going to call her. | 지금 세운 앞으로의 계획 |
| I was going to call her. | 전에 전화하려고 했음(보통 결국 안 함) |
| I called her. | 실제로 전화했음 |
| I was calling her when… | 한창 전화하고 있을 때… |
| I would have called her, but… | 무언가가 막지 않았다면 전화했을 것임 |
| She said she would call. | 과거에서 본 약속이나 예측 |
Was going to는 이미 있던 계획이나 의도를 강조하고, said / promised 뒤의 would는 약속이나 예측을 강조합니다. 둘 다 괜찮은 경우도 많습니다: He said he was going to fix it. / He said he would fix it.
4.자주 하는 실수
I was go to call you, but I forgot.I was going to call you, but I forgot.
완전한 형태는 was going to + 동사입니다.
We are going to visit Hue last summer, but the flights were too expensive.We were going to visit Hue last summer, but the flights were too expensive.
과거의 계획 → are가 아니라 were.
She was going to studied abroad.She was going to study abroad.
going to 뒤에는 동사원형을 씁니다.
I was going to finishing my essay, but I fell asleep.I was going to finish my essay, but I fell asleep.
여기서는 to 뒤에 -ing가 오지 않습니다.
My friends was going to come.My friends were going to come.
복수 주어 → were.
예문
- I was going to call you last night, but my phone died.
- We were going to eat out, but it rained, so we cooked at home.
- Sorry, I was going to tell you about the party, but I forgot.
- I was going to buy a new laptop, but then I saw the price.
